多光束非定域干涉透射光强分布

研究了多光束非定域干涉现象,得到了多光束非定域干涉的透射光强分布函数。理论研究结果表明,干涉圆环中心位置光强与定域干涉结果一致。对得到的多光束非定域干涉透射光强分布函数进行了数值分析,分析结果表明随着镜面反射系数的增加,非定域干涉条纹变得更加锐细,光谱分辨率提高,同时在低干涉级次处出现了噪声,并且反射系数越高,噪声越明显。在镜面间距不变的情况下,通过改变观察屏位置,对透射光强分布进行数值分析,结果表明干涉级次与干涉圆环倾角的余弦值存在线性关系,通过求斜率可以得到镜面间距。保持观察屏位置不变,通过改变镜面间距,数值分析结果表明干涉级次与干涉圆环半径平方存在线性关系,并且直线斜率与镜面间距也存在线性关系。     

基于衍射条纹非对称性的表面波衰减系数的测量

通过采用将入射光掠入射到频率为几百赫兹的衰减低频液体表面波上,观察到了清晰的间距分布具有明显非对称性的衍射条纹。当入射光掠入射到低频液体表面上时,衍射图样非对称分布具有普遍性。理论上得到了考虑表面波衰减影响后观察屏处衍射光强分布的解析表达式。理论结果表明:衍射图样的这种非对称分布与衍射级次、入射光波波长、液体表面波波长及表面波衰减系数有关;正负级次衍射亮条纹距离中央零级亮条纹的间距体现表面波衰减信息;正衍射级次之间以及负衍射级次之间的条纹间距体现表面波波长信息。利用所提出的方法实现了对几百赫兹液体表面波的衰减系数的实时便捷测量。     

基于多光束干涉的长程轮廓仪

为提高长程轮廓仪(LTP)面型检测的精度,提出一种使用波面型等光程多光束分束器的LTP。该分束结构可将入射光束分成若干束等光强等光程的相干光。在理论上分析计算了傅里叶变换(FT)透镜焦平面上干涉条纹的位置和强度分布,探究了零级干涉主极大条纹宽度、振幅和±1级干涉主极大条纹振幅与多光束分束器各结构参数之间的关系。通过选取合适的参数设计了基于多光束干涉原理的新型分束器,并与传统分束器进行了仿真实验比较,设计了测量系统中的准直镜和FT透镜,在Zemax软件中建立了完整的光学系统模型,并对该模型进行了实验验证。结果表明多光束干涉长程轮廓仪可以实现对被测表面斜率的测量,其在探测面上的干涉条纹宽度比传统双光束干涉窄,光强也更加集中,可以提高LTP的测量精度。     

光学参数对激光阵列相干

利用傅里叶光学方法,获得了相干合束远场光强的解析表达式,讨论了相位、振幅和发光单元数目等光学参数对远场光束质量的影响。研究结果表明:随着参与合束的发光单元数目的增加,尖峰变锐;同相模的光能集中在更小的立体角内,使得相干合束的亮度增加;异相模的光束能量较为分散,其峰值光强有所降低;随着振幅比β的减少,相干合束远场光强的峰值相对变化率增加,远场光强分布出现了本底现象,远场干涉条纹对比度降低。     

低频声表面波对细激光束的衍射效应

对于频率为几十赫兹的液体表面声波,实验上观察到反射光所形成的稳定、清晰的激光干涉图样.改变表面声波振幅,进一步发现了干涉图样的调制效应.调制效应明显地表现为干涉条纹的缺级,并且随表面声波振幅变化.依据波动光学原理,分析了调制作用下光束干涉所产生的光强解析分布及条纹特征,得到了干涉条纹角宽度与表面声波之间的解析关系,并据此对表面声波的特性参量波长和振幅及各级条纹相对光强分布规律进行了测定.     

空间非相干多分量光束构成的非相干耦合屏蔽孤子对

两束本身具有空间非相干性的非相干多分量光束可以在光折变介质中形成非相干耦合 屏蔽孤子对，利用相干密度法得到了亮 亮、暗 暗型耦合孤子对的解，并研究了构成 非相干孤子对分量光束的相干组分的传播特性. 关键词： 空间非相干多分量光束 耦合孤子对 相干密度 相干组分     

基于法布里-珀罗标准具测量散射光谱的频移和线宽

激光在介质中传播易发生散射,不同波长的散射光经过法布里-珀罗标准具多光束干涉后,会发生等倾干涉而形成半径不同的同心圆环.根据等倾干涉产生亮条纹的条件,获得同一波长的散射光相邻两级干涉条纹半径的数量关系,以及同一级干涉条纹中不同波长散射光的频率间隔公式,便可获得散射光谱的频移和线宽.     

掠射法测液体折射率的视场分析

根据薄膜光学理论,分析了掠射法测液体折射率实验的视场.研究结果表明:本实验的视场是分界线附近亮区有明暗相间干涉条纹的准半阴视场;越靠近分界线,条纹间距越小,条纹锐度越大,临界光线对应于最细的亮条纹.进一步准确描述了该实验的实验现象.结合理论分析,测定了自来水的折射率.     

激光主动干涉条纹间距识别光学目标口径

利用物理光学相关知识及Collins衍射积分公式和硬边光阑的复高斯函数分解法,推导得到目标处干涉图样条纹间距与光学目标反射光时间分布关系的解析表达式.从原理分析、仿真计算和实验研究等方面研究了干涉场的条纹间距、光学目标口径参数和反射光时间分布包络的峰峰数、峰峰间距和峰峰比之间定量关系.结果表明,当条纹间距的大小约为目标的口径尺寸时,反射光时间分布包络的峰峰数由单峰向多峰过渡,峰峰间距和峰峰比曲线会出现极大值,根据这一变化规律可以估测出光学目标的口径参数,其估测精度受条纹间距可调节范围的影响.     

多光束激光干涉光刻图样

利用电磁理论,研究了多光束激光干涉图样的产生原理,结合计算机数值模拟和相关实验结果,分析了干涉图样的影响因素.研究结果表明:多光束激光干涉图样可以看成是多组余弦分布的平行线条纹的叠加;相干光束的偏振方向、入射方向、光束间相位差是干涉图样的重要影响因素,改变这些因素,余弦分布的平行线条纹的振幅、位置、周期和方向发生变化,...     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Hybrid Wavelength and Code Division Multiple Access in Optical Networks

A review of schemes for multiple access in fiber optic networks shows that a hybrid of wavelength and code division multiple access (WCDMA) combines the best features of both. In particular, the hybrid scheme retains the large information carrying capacity of wavelength division multiple access (WDMA) and flexibility of code division multiple access (CDMA). In this paper WDMA, optical CDMA (OCDMA), and WCDMA networks are discussed. In OCDMA networks, concept of incoherent and coherent coding including inverse decoding and matched filter is introduced. The delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks, under the simple suboptimum access protocols based on cyclic search, is computed. It has been shown quantitatively that tuning delay significantly affects the delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks. Futhermore, delay performance of WCDMA networks is always better than the WDMA networks for the same tuning delay, load, and number of users.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Research on beamforming method for dual-line array with space mismatch between the two line arrays

The performance of port/starboard discrimination of dual-line array will be seriously degraded when the space between the two line arrays of the dual-line array is mismatched. The directivity function of the delay-sum and delay-subtract beamforming is deduced and the port/starboard discrimination of the delay-sum and delay-subtract beamforming is also studied both under the ideal status and the status under which the space between the two line arrays of the dual-line array is mismatched. Analysis results show the delay-subtract beamforming has better performance of port/starboard discrimination. At last, the sea trial results demonstrate the theoretical results.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Retrieval of ultraviolet skylight radiances and O3 slant column densities from balloon-borne limb spectrometer

With a novel light-weight and absolutely calibrated ultraviolet （UV） spectrometer, UV skylight radiances and O3 slant column densities are measured by balloon-borne limb measurements in Xinjiang area, China. UV skylight radiances measured at the height of 31 km are compared with the results from Modtran in the wavelength range from 290 to 420 nm. O3 slant column densities are derived from radiance spectra in the Huggins bands （320 - 335 nm） using differential optical absorption spectroscopy method. And the parameter exhibits a good correlation with the same value simulated by radiative transfer model （Tracy）. The O3 profile simultaneously measured by an O3 sonde is used as input in Tracy calculations. The O3 sonde is launched on the same balloon.     

Design optimization of highly sensitive LSPR enhanced surface plasmon resonance biosensors with nanoholes

For breaking through the sensitivity limitation of conventional surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensors, novel highly sensitive SPR biosensors with Au nanoparticles and nanogratings enhancement have been proposed recently.But in practice, these structures have obvious disadvantages.In this study, a nanohole based sensitivity enhancement SPR biosensor is proposed and the influence of different structural parameters on the performance is investigated by using rigorous coupled wave analysis (RCWA).Electromagnetic field distributions around the nanohole are also given out to directly explain the performance difference for various structural parameters.The results indicate that significant sensitivity increase is associated with localized surface plasmons (LSPs) excitation mediated by nanoholes.Except to outcome the weakness of other LSP based biosensors, larger resonance angle shift, reflectance amplitude, and sharper SPR curves' width are obtained simultaneously under optimized structural parameters.     

Polymer gratings based on photopolymerization for low-order distributed feedback polymer lasers

Novel polymer distributed feedback(DFB)gratings are fabricated based on photopolymerization to reduce lasing threshold of polymer lasers.A photopolymer formulation sensitive to 355-nm ultraviolet(UV)light is proposed for the fabrication of polymer gratings and it can be used to form polymer films by spin-coating process.A very low surface-relief depth ranging from 12.5 to about 1.0 nm has been demonstrated with a refractive-index modulation of about 0.012.The experimental results indicate that such polymer gratings have promising potentials for the fabrication of low-order DFB organic semiconductor lasers.