高分辨阿达玛变换显微荧光图像分析(Ⅱ)单细胞DNA荧光图像生成、处理及自动定量分析研究

本研究把荧光显微镜，阿达玛变换多通道成像技术和计算机图象处理技术结合起来，建立了一种单细胞DNA荧光图像自动定量分析系统，对系统的成像原理、信号编码和解码方法及单细胞定量分析方法进行了讨论，分析结果表明，本系统提供的单细胞定量分析数据稳定可靠。     

显微荧光—阿达玛变换三维图象分析

把阿达玛变换多通道成象技术与荧光显微镜结合起来，首次成功地获得了细胞的阿达玛变换三维荧光图象。该图象能同时提供微小物体中某一物质的含量及分布等信息。     

阿达玛变换显微图象分析系统在乳腺肿瘤细胞DNA倍性分析中的应用研究

以正常人外周静脉血淋巴细胞为标准二倍体细胞，以吖啶橙为细胞DNA荧光探针，用阿达玛变换显微图象分析仪测定了六例乳腺肿瘤的细胞DNA含量（倍性），分析结果与病例学诊断结论吻合，表明该仪器可望用于乳腺癌的诊断和预后研究．研究结果还表明：乳腺肿瘤细胞DNA倍性与核面积（象素）呈显著正相关．     

阿达玛变换光谱和图象及其在分析化学中的应用

本文对阿达玛变换光谱和成象的原理进行了简单介绍，并对８０年代以来阿达玛变换技术在分析化学中的应用进行了评述。     

阿达玛变换显微图象分析（Ⅱ）—荧光衰减对图象和定量分…

采用计算机模拟的方法，系统地考察了试样的荧光衰减对阿达玛变换图象和定量分析数据的影响，并把阿达玛变换显微图象分析仪用于细胞内ＤＮＡ的定量分析，得到好满意的结果。     

显微荧光－阿达玛变换三维图象分析

把阿达玛变换多通道成象技术与荧光显微镜结合起来,首次成功地获得了细胞的阿达玛变换三维荧光图象,该图象能同时提供微小物体中某一物质的含量及分布等信息。     

阿达玛变换显微图象分析(Ⅱ)──荧光衰减对图象和定量分析数据的影响

采用计算机模拟的方法,系统地考察了试样的荧光衰减对阿达玛变换图象和定量分析数据的影响,并把阿达玛变换显微图象分析仪用于细胞内DNA的定量分析,得到了满意的结果。     

阿达玛变换显微图像分析系统在乳腺肿瘤细胞DNA倍性分析…

以正常人外周静脉血淋巴细胞为标准二倍体细胞，以吖橙为细胞ＤＮＡ荧光探针，用阿达玛变换显微图象分析仪测定了冰例乳腺肿瘤的细胞ＤＮＡ倍性与面积呈显著正相关。     

连续光源原子吸收光谱仪——划时代的技术革命

原子吸收光谱仪经过半个世纪的发展已成为微量和痕量分析的重要常规设备，其在理化分析实验室的普及程度据原子光谱分析仪器的首位。     

连续光源原子吸收光谱仪——划时代的革命性产品

原子吸收光谱仪经过半个世纪的发展已成为微量和痕量分析的重要常规设备，其在理化分析实验室的普及程度居原子光谱分析仪器的首位。     

FTIR-spectroscopy as a highly sensitive technique to study adsorption and desorption on ionic film and single crystal surfaces

Sample/spectrum relationships are investigated using both a low resolution rapid-scanning NIR monochromator and a Fourier transform instrument capable of high resolution and are evaluated in terms of whether or not the resolution of the instrument is sufficient for measuring the natural bandwidths corresponding to the sample. Based on the sample/spectrum relationship a criterion is developed which must be followed in order to apply either derivative spectroscopy or deconvolution to enhance the resolution of overlapped bands without generating spectral artifacts.     

Combined Raman spectrometer/laser-induced breakdown spectrometer for the next ESA mission to Mars

Among the different instruments that have been pre-selected to be on-board the Pasteur payload on ExoMars is the Raman/laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) instrument. Raman spectroscopy and LIBS will be integrated into a single instrument sharing many hardware commonalities. An international team under the lead of TNO has been gathered to produce a design concept for a combined Raman spectrometer/LIBS elegant bread-board (EBB). The instrument is based on a specially designed, extremely compact, spectrometer with high resolution over a large wavelength range, suitable for both Raman spectroscopy and LIBS measurements. Low mass, size and power consumption are the main drivers of the instrument's design concept. In this paper, science objectives for the combined instrument are detailed. Background information on Raman spectroscopy and LIBS are presented, focussing on the synergy of these two techniques. In the last section, the instrument concept resulting from the assessment of the feasibility of the combined Raman/LIBS EBB is presented.     

基于正交信号校正的秸秆青贮饲料粗蛋白近红外分析模型传递方法

探讨了基于不同数据预处理方法的正交信号校正在秸杆饲料近红外光谱模型传递中的应用.以141个秸杆青贮饲料样品为研究对象,以其粗蛋白含量为目标参数,研究了基于无处理、局部中心化、全局中心化和Z-score标准化预处理方法的正交信号校正,在源仪器(SPECTRUM ONE NTS)和目标仪器1(ANTA-RIS)与目标仪器2(FOSS 6500)之间的模型传递效果.实验表明:对于两台傅里叶变换型近红外光谱仪,采用局部中心化、全局中心化和Z-score标准化预处理方法的正交信号校正均可成功实现模型传递,其中局部中心化和全局中心化法的作用效果基本一致,且优于Z-score标准化法.对于傅立叶变换和光栅型近红外光谱仪,全局中心化的作用效果明显优于其它3组处理效果,且只有全局中心化预处理的正交信号校正传递后的模型可用于实际预测.     

新型红外测油仪中的光谱视网膜技术

将光谱视网膜技术应用于红外测油领域,研制出一种新的MFA-450型红外测油仪.介绍了所研制的超窄带、高透过率的中红外多波长滤光片和具有较高性能价格比、适合我国国情的红外热释电阵列检测器及相应检测电路和操作软件的开发.该仪器体积小、重量轻、无可动部件、稳定性好;测量精密度高(RSD<1％);灵敏度较现有同类仪器高1个数量级,检出限达到0.02mg/L(油/萃取剂);测量线性范围0.10～120.00mg/L,相关系数R2>0.999.     

High mass selectivity for top-down proteomics by application of SWIFT technology

Stored waveform inverse Fourier transform (SWIFT) technology has been implemented on a commercial Fourier transform ICR mass spectrometer. Complex ejection/isolation waveforms can be generated on an arbitrary waveform generator (AWG) and applied to the instrument by use of a high speed analog switch. High mass selectivity and subsequent electron capture dissociation (ECD) of the SWIFT isolated ions has been demonstrated with analysis of intact Bovine histone H4. A mass selectivity about 0.1 m/z unit for isolation of the 18+ charge state ions was achieved. Adaptation of SWIFT on the commercial instrument provides an enhanced capability for characterizing intact proteins by top-down analysis.     

Comparison of two infrared spectroscopic methods for cheese analysis

Two infrared spectroscopic methods, optothermal near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy and Fourier transform mid-infrared-attenuated total reflection (FTIR-ATR) spectroscopy, were applied to 24 cheese samples in order to obtain protein, fat and moisture contents. Reference values of the protein, fat and moisture contents in weight percent were obtained using standard wet chemistry analysis. Prediction correlation coefficients between 0.93 and 0.96 and standard errors of prediction between 2% and 5% were obtained using optothermal spectroscopy while the corresponding values for FTIR-ATR were 0.81–0.92 and 4–9%. Inhomogeneities in the cheeses, primarily due to the fat droplets, are probably the main reason for the differences in the error sizes. The superior results for optothermal spectroscopy are the more attractive because the instrument is easier to use than the FTIR-ATR instrument, it provides results more quickly with simpler statistical analysis and it is more compact and robust.     

水黾多腿并排表面的疏水性能

通过体视显微镜、 扫描电子显微镜、 傅里叶变换红外光谱对水黾腿表面的形态、 结构和成分进行了定性定量研究, 采用视频光学接触角测量仪以及Cassie模型对水黾多腿并排的表面润湿性能进行了测量与分析. 结果表明, 水黾腿表面均匀分布有刚毛, 刚毛表面有螺旋状沟壑; 水黾多腿并排后的表面接触角达(152.9±1.0)°, 表明该表面具有超疏水性; Cassie模型计算结果表明, 水黾多腿并排后的超疏水性是其腿部表面有机物质和表面微观结构耦合作用的结果, 并排测量方式对其影响较小.     

小波变换与分析化学信号处理

介绍了小波变换的基本理论并对小波变换的常用算法和应用进行了评述。由于小波变换的时2频局部化性质, 使其成为信号处理的强有力工具。在分析化学领域中, 小波变换在流动注射分析、伏安分析、高效液相色谱、红外光谱、质谱、核磁共振谱、可见-紫外光谱、光声光谱、扩展X-射线吸收精细结构(EXAFS) 谱等分析化学信号的平滑滤噪、数据压缩、重叠信号解析等方面都有成功的应用。     

A High Sensitive TNT Sensor Based on Electrochemically Reduced Graphene Oxide‐Poly(amidoamine) Modified Electrode

In this paper, the electrochemically reduced graphene oxide‐poly(amidoamine) hybrid (ErGO‐PAMAM) have been used for fabrication of TNT electrochemical sensor. The prepared modified electrode is characterized with X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), energy‐dispersive X‐ray (EDX) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscope (AFM). Based on obtained results, it is can be seen that the ErGO‐PAMAM/GCE has high response to TNT than the other graphene based modified electrodes. The resulting electrochemical sensor exhibited good response to TNT with linear range from 0.05 to 1.2 ppm with a low detection limit of 0.0015 ppm.     

A glow discharge ion source with fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometric detection

A glow discharge (CD) ion source has been coupled to a Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FT-ICR) mass spectrometer using a four-element electrostatic lens to accelerate and focus ions generated external to the instrument’s high magnetic field into its analyzer cell. Like other CD mass spectrometers, GD-FT-ICR can provide a quantitative measure of bulk analyte concentration with good precision and accuracy. Although detection limits currently attainable are several orders of magnitude higher than the commercially available magnetic sector-based instrument, CD-FT-ICR holds promise for ultrahigh resolving power elemental mass analysis. Several schemes are proposed to lower the detection limits of the technique while still providing high enough resolution to resolve isobaric interferences.