电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法测定地球化学样品中的碘

建立了以艾斯卡试剂分解样品,以阳离子交换树脂分离基体中钠和锌,电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法测定地球化学样品中碘的方法。方法经国家一级标准土壤参考样品验证,方法的检出限为0.006 9μg/g、相对标准偏差为3.3%~7.6%和相对误差为-2.3%~4.1%。方法能够满足地球化学样品的分析测定要求。且方法操作简便,测定成本低,分析周期短,适合于批量样品的分析测定。     

电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法测定地球化学样品中的碘

建立了以艾斯卡试剂分解样品,以阳离子交换树脂分离基体中钠和锌,电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法测定地球化学样品中碘的方法。方法经国家一级标准土壤参考样品验证,方法的检出限为0.006 9μg/g、相对标准偏差为3.3%~7.6%和相对误差为-2.3%~4.1%。方法能够满足地球化学样品的分析测定要求。且方法操作简便,测定成本低,分析周期短,适合于批量样品的分析测定。     

封闭溶样-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定地质样品中痕量金

建立了聚乙烯塑料瓶封闭水浴加热,王水溶解,以铼作内标,电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定地质样品中痕量金。结果表明,样品中的金可分解完全,节约了成本、减少了环境污染。方法经国家一级标准物质验证,结果与标准值相符。对实际样品测定的方法相对标准偏差(RSD,n=9)为4.1%～6.7%。方法检出限为0.12ng/g,方法简便快速,适用于地质样品的批量分析。     

稳健偏最小二乘类模型及其在清真香肠红外质量控制中的应用

针对在实际多元质量控制中经常遇到的奇异样品问题,本研究提出了一种稳健偏最小二乘类模型.本方法基于Stahel-Donoho奇异度和样品重加权策略,用稳健的类中心和模型误差构造稳健的决策区间.将本方法用于清真香肠的红外分析,建立了稳健的质量控制方法.在香肠样品的不同部位进行取样,充分研磨后制备溴化钾压片,以空气为背景,测量4000～400 cm-1范围的红外透射光谱.基于73个清真香肠样品和78个非清真样品的光谱数据,研究了新提出的稳健类模型的统计效率和稳健性.在有奇异样品存在的情况下,本方法能有效检出奇异样品,为新样品的预测提供稳健的决策区间.排除奇异样品后,基于原始光谱的模型灵敏性为0.846,特异性为0.936;基于标准正态变量法的模型灵敏性为0.923,特异性为0.974.     

电感耦合等离子体光谱法测定铜冶炼烟尘中锌

本实验介绍了电感耦合等离子体光谱法测定铜冶炼烟尘中锌含量的分析方法。针对样品碳,硅含量高的特点,有针对性的研究了样品的消解方法,确定采用盐酸、硝酸、氢氟酸、高氯酸对铜冶炼烟尘样品进行消解。同时进行了干扰试验,确定样品中高含量的铜,铅,砷等对样品测定结果没有影响。并对仪器的工作参数进行了优化。方法检出限为为0.011 mg/L,测定下限为0.019 mg/L,3个样品的相对标准偏差在0.54%~0.92%之间,加标回收率在96%~101.14%之间。该方法样品消解完全,流程短,操作简单,快速,测定准确度高,可以满足铜冶炼烟尘中锌含量的测定。     

具有疑似爆炸性的未知复杂样品分析方法研究

提出了一种综合分析鉴定含有疑似爆炸物的未知复杂多成分样品的方法:依托水分离方法分离样品组份,使不同组分分离到不同样品中,然后对各样品进行X射线衍射分析,对部分疑难样品进行扫描电镜、能谱仪等辅助手段分析。对江苏省某次刑侦案件送检样品进行鉴定,分析出其主要组份为硫磺、硝酸钾、高氯酸钾和铝粉等,含量分别为29.6%,26.7%,18.8%和9.7%等,最终确认样品为铝化炸药。该方法去除了样品的爆炸性,提高了鉴定准确度和定量精度,具有推广使用的价值。     

高压消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法测定地质样品中的铌和钽

建立了运用硝酸-硫酸-氢氟酸体系高压消解样品,电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法测定地质样品中铌和钽含量的方法。研究了样品消解体系、样品消解时间、溶液的介质、内标元素等对测定的影响。Nb的方法检出限为0.027μg/g,Ta的方法检出限为0.015μg/g。Nb测定的相对标准偏差(RSD)为3.3%;Ta测定的相对标准偏差(RSD)为2.5%。经标准物质验证,分析结果令人满意,可适用于大批量地质样品中铌和钽的测定。     

悬浮液进样流动注射在线微波消解-冷蒸气原子荧光光谱法测定生物和环境样品中的汞

建立了悬浮液进样流动注射在线微波消解-冷蒸气原子荧光光谱法测定生物和环境样品中Hg的方法。样品分散在50％(V/V)王水中,通过磁力搅拌保证样品溶液的均一性与稳定性。方法的检出限为O．06μ/L。方法简单快速,灵敏度高,样品损失少,而且没有样品交叉污染。应用此方法测定了5种标准参考物质以及5个实际样品中的Hg含量,并与传统的高压焖罐强酸消解方法进行了比较,两种方法所得结果一致,标准参考物质的测定值与标准值很好地吻合。     

顶空-气相色谱-质谱法检测易燃液体及其分类

建立了一种利用顶空-气相色谱-质谱进行易燃液体的检测和分类的有效方法。以凹版油墨为模型样品体系，利用顶空-气相色谱-质谱鉴定了样品中的易挥发组分。考察了平衡温度、平衡时间和组分含量等特性参数。利用外标法测定了组分含量，结果显示该方法的相对标准偏差为0.88%~2.88%，加标回收率为92.8%~103.1%。采用该方法对多种实际样品进行了定性和定量分析，并用混合溶剂闪点预测模型计算了样品的闪点，与闪点实测值进行了比较。结果表明，该方法可用于易燃液体实际样品闪点的预测，实现化学品的分类，闪点预测值与实测值最大偏差仅为3.2℃。该方法为易燃液体实际样品的分类提供了一种新颖、高效和便捷的技术。     

双孔石墨管原子吸收法测定化探样品中的痕量金

建立了双孔石墨管原子吸收法测定化探样品中痕量金的方法。以王水溶解样品,泡沫塑料吸附,10 g/L的硫脲溶液解脱,2%抗坏血酸作为基体改进剂,用双孔石墨管原子吸收法测定化探样品中的痕量金。该方法仪器分析时间由65 s缩短到32 s,提高了工作效率,方法标准曲线线性相关系数为0.999 8,检出限为0.045 ng/g,测定结果的相对标准偏差为4.1%~6.9%(n=7),标准样品测定值与推荐值的相对偏差小于3.24%。该法适合批量化探样品中金的测定。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.