Poly－3BCMU薄膜光漂白的实验研究

报道了Ｐｏｌｙ－３ＢＣＭＵ薄膜光漂白过程的实验研究结果。测量了薄膜光漂白前后的可见及紫外光谱的变化，表明在光漂白过程中聚合物的长链被逐渐打断。实验表明，被漂白的聚合物薄膜可以被某些有机溶剂溶解，导致所谓的显影过程。实验研究了氧对光漂白过程的影响，并发现在Ｐｏｌｙ－３ＢＣＭＵ薄膜表面涂复光刻胶薄层可阻止氧分子向薄膜内的扩散，从而大大减缓光漂白过程。本文同时对光漂白在制备光波导元件中的应用进行了研究。     

利用分子梳方法研究单个DNA-YOYO-1复合体的光漂白性质

利用分子梳方法结合荧光显微术对单个DNA-YOYO-1复合体的光漂白过程进行了研究,发现单个DNA-YOYO-1复合体的光漂白是一个随光照时间指数衰减的过程,并给出了DNA拓扑结构以及光照强度对光漂白过程的影响.     

Poly—3BCMU薄膜光漂白的实验研究

报道了Ｐｏｌｙ－３ＢＣＭＵ薄膜光漂白过程的实验研究结果。测量了薄膜漂白前后的可见及紫外光谱的变化，表明在光漂白过程中聚合物的长链被逐断打断。实验表明，被漂白的聚合物薄膜可以被某些有机溶剂溶解，导致所谓的显影响过程。     

厦门湾有色溶解有机物光漂白的三维荧光光谱研究

利用荧光激发-发射矩阵光谱(excitation-emission matrix spectroscopy,EEMs)研究了厦门湾九龙江河口中、低盐度区表层水样中有色溶解有机物在秋季天然太阳辐照下的光化学漂白。结果表明,光漂白未引起水样中类腐殖质(C, A, M)和类蛋白质(T,B)荧光峰位置的移动。5个峰的荧光强度均随辐照时间的增加而减少,其中低盐度水样的降低幅度更大,并以指示陆源河流输入的特征荧光峰C的光漂白程度最大。根据漂白速率可将各荧光团区分出易漂白和难漂白两类组分。光漂白导致T、C峰及A、C峰之间的荧光强度比值增加,说明光漂白可引起海水中溶解有机物性质的明显改变,并且也是近海类蛋白质荧光相对类腐殖质荧光占优势的一个重要控制因素。研究结果对于探究陆源有机物在近海的转化及去除过程以及海洋光学有一定的参考价值。     

聚合物材料PMMA/DR1光漂白过程中折射率的变化

用双光束扫描法研究了在488nm的Ar^ 激光照射下，聚合物材料RMMA／DR1的光漂白过程，为精确测量光漂白模型中的参数提供了一种简单实验方法。这对于今后用光漂白的方法制备光波导器件具有重要意义。     

荧光光谱研究不同碳化程度的碳点抗光漂白性

碳点是一种新型荧光纳米材料,因其生物相容性好、发光效率高而被人们所熟知,是可以替代量子点的良好候选者。其独特的发光机理也是大家探究的热门内容。利用特定波长的激光漂白了不同碳化程度的碳点,探究了碳点的碳化程度与发射波长及抗光漂白稳定性的关系,为设计合成具有抗漂白稳定性能力的碳点提供了基础。     

荧光光谱用于光动力疗法中光敏剂光漂白特性研究

应用荧光光谱技术研究溶液中血卟啉单甲醚(HMME)的光漂白与光产物生成。以532 nm倍频Nd∶YAG激光器照射样品,功率密度为100 mW·cm-2,以光学多通道分析仪(OMA)采集荧光光谱。照光过程与荧光光谱采集同步进行。通过构建基本光谱与最小二乘拟合,由单条实测光谱中分解求得HMME荧光(613 nm)、光产物荧光(639 nm)及自体荧光的强度。HMME初始浓度不超过10 μg·mL-1时符合荧光-浓度线性函数关系。对照光过程的荧光光谱监测同时观察到HMME漂白、光产物生成与漂白,以及样品光学特性变化引起的自体荧光强度起伏。光产物漂白后的二次产物引起样品光学特性显著改变。所建立的荧光光谱探测系统与光谱分析方法可满足光敏剂漂白特性体外研究的需要,并为光动力治疗的剂量学在体监测提供有效研究方法。     

肿瘤细胞中表达的GFP蛋白的荧光漂白特性的研究

GFP作为生物源性荧光探针具有其他荧光标记物所无法比拟的优势，目前已广泛应用于生物学研究的各个领域。利用常规转染方法将带有EGFP基因的质粒载体导入人肺腺癌肿瘤细胞(ASTC-a-1)，并得到GFP稳定表达的细胞株。研究中发现，肿瘤细胞中表达的GFP长时间暴露于强激发光中会发生非常强列的荧光漂白作用，并且这种漂白作用是不可恢复的。对不同强度的激发光(饱和光源、阻断片ND4／ND8／ND16)对GFP的漂白作用进行了研究，并对冷冻保存样品的光漂白作用进行了初步的探讨。     

生物相容性量子点的表征及其在细胞标记中的应用

利用无机低温水相合成法制备表面包覆L-半胱氨酸的CdTe/ZnTe核壳型量子点,测量不同溶液以及激发功率激光作用下该量子点的光谱特性。结果表明,该量子点吸收谱和荧光光谱峰值位置不随pH值变化,而荧光光强随pH值升高呈近似线性上升趋势;不同缓冲液对该量子点荧光光强无影响,但随孵育时间延长,荧光强度略有下降;在强激光照射下QDs会被快速光漂白,选择适当的激光功率(<100 μW),可降低漂白速率,实现长时间稳定测量。因此,该量子点具有较好的生物稳定性和光稳定性,将其与血铁蛋白相连形成靶向共轭纳米粒,可成功用于HeLa细胞标记。细胞内量子点光漂白实验表明,细胞微环境会影响量子点的光稳定性,加速量子点的光漂白。     

长时程双光子成像技术

双光子成像(Two-Photon Imaging)技术以其优越特性被广泛用于活细胞动态三维成像,但光功率极高的短脉冲光对焦平面荧光分子严重的光漂白极大地影响了双光子长时间成像的图像质量,针对双光子荧光漂白问题,本文提出一种优化光照的双光子(Optimized Lighting-Two Photon,OL-TP)成像技术。通过预扫描获取双光子图像分析高低阈值,以预设的高低阈值为标准优化一幅图像中不同区域的光照时长,利用扫描过程中记录的荧光信息和光照时间信息可以重建OL-TP图像,既保证信噪比又降低荧光漂白。重建的OL-TP图像与传统双光子图像基本一致,信噪比略有降低,但图像并未失真。对110 nm的荧光小球样本分别连续取30幅普通双光子和优化光照的双光子图像,到第30幅图时,重建后的优化光照双光子图像比普通双光子图像荧光漂白降低了28.86%。OL-TP通过优化光照时间大幅降低双光子成像的荧光漂白,使双光子荧光显微镜能够更好地对生物样本进行长时间观测。     

Poly-3BCMU薄膜上光栅的制备

报道了利用光致漂白现象在Poly－3BCMU薄膜上制备光栅的方法。对于不同条件下制备的光栅的衍射效率进行了测量。并建立了简单的模型，对实验结果进行了解释。     

Fluorescence Recovery Under Decaying Photobleaching Irradiation: Concept and Experiment

A novel modification of photobleaching method for measurement of lateral diffusion is developed. In this approach fluorescence recovery kinetics is measured under decaying photobleaching irradiation, termed as fluorescence recovery under decaying photobleaching (FRDP). The time evolution of fluorescence intensity normalized to input irradiation starts from the photobleaching kinetics and transforms into the kinetics of fluorescence recovery at a later stage resulting in appearance of minimum. The analytical solution for the kinetics of fluorescence for Gaussian lineshape of laser beam and hyperbolic decay of irradiation in the first order approximation on bleaching rate was obtained. The accuracy of the analytical function was evaluated with exact numerical solution computed with finite differentiates method. The FRDP method was successfully applied to fluorescein solution in the glycerol/water mixture (80%) under various experimental settings using home-made experimental set-up. The FRDP approach demonstrated 25–30 fold enhancement in signal intensity over classical fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) method at 3–5 fold increase in total irradiation. Among other advantages of the FRDP is the opportunity to perform measurements on varying time scales under constant size of the bleaching spot, including “safe” long time measurements. The potential extra advantage of FRDP method for analysis of complex diffusion in the biological system is discussed.     

Ultrafast optical response in polydiacetylenes and polythiophenes

Ultrafast optical response in the films of poly(3-dodecylthiophene) (P3DT) and blue-and red-phase polydiacetylenes (PDA-4BCMU) has been investigated by femtosecond absorption and picosecond luminescence spectroscopies. Several nonlinear optical processes, i.e., hole burning, Raman gain, inverse Raman scattering, and induced-frequency shift, have been observed. The relaxation processes from photoexcited free excitons to self-trapped excitons (STEs) has been observed. The time constant is estimated as 140±40 fs in the blue-phase PDA-4BCMU and 100±50 fs in P3DT. The generated unthermalized STEs thermalize with the time constant of about 1 ps. The STEs in the blue-phase PDA-4BCMU decay exponentially with lifetime of 1.6±0.1 ps at 290 K and 2.1±0.2 ps at 10 K. The decay curves in the red-phase PDA-4BCMU and P3DT are not single exponential but can be fitted to biexponential functions with time constants of slightly shorter than 1 ps and about 5 ps. These two decay time constants correspond to relaxations to the ground state, respectively, from the free exciton and unthermalized STE and from the thermalized STE.     

Three-photon induced photobleaching in a three-dimensional memory material

The photobleaching properties of a 3D memory material based on pyrylium salts are studied. It is shown that under ultrashort pulsed irradiation photobleaching occurs through two diverse mechanisms. One is major and causes fast bleaching, whereas the other is minor and causes slow bleaching. Furthermore, it is proved that both mechanisms are three- or more-photon processes. This fact gives the capability of significantly increasing data storage density.     

Oxygen-dependent photochemistry of fluorescent dyes studied at the single molecule level

We perform wide-field microscopy to investigate the photobleaching of organic fluorophores embedded in the polymeric host PMMA. Our experimental arrangement facilitates the comparison between the ensemble and single molecule data. We characterize the photostability of dye molecules of various families by measuring the ‘bleaching number’, defined as the average number of photons a molecule emits until photobleaching occurs. In particular, we have analysed the dependence of the bleaching number on the presence of oxygen. Surprisingly, we find an improvement of photostability in the presence of oxygen for ionic dyes (DiI, TMR, Rh6G, Alexa 546), suggesting that oxygen quenches the photoactive triplet state, but it only indirectly contributes to photochemistry. In contrast, we observe that photobleaching of the aromatic hydrocarbon is strongly enhanced by oxygen.     

W-红色素的光褪色研究

红曲色素在自然光的作用下会逐渐褪色,紫外线是自然光中引起有机物褪色的主要光线。为了探明红曲色素光照褪色的机理,采用紫外灯照射一种红曲红色素(分子式C19H28N2O5)的水溶液至无色,经红外光谱、质谱和核磁图谱分析,鉴定其褪色后物质的分子式为C14H9NO6。根据光化学理论分析,提出了红曲红色素的光褪色机理:在紫外光作用下,红曲红色素分子中的脂肪族侧链首先在α-碳原子处发生NorrishⅠ型断裂,成为自由基,随后在碳7位甲基上发生相同反应,接着色素发生电子转移,双键转换,水溶液中产生羟自由基、超氧阴离子等自由基,与色素结构中双键发生加成反应,共轭双键消失,色素失去颜色。防止红曲红色素光褪色应首先考虑稳定其脂肪族侧链结构,其次可以在色素中添加自由基清除剂。     

Photobleaching of xanthene dyes in a poly(vinyl alcohol) matrix

Photobleaching of three different xanthene dyes namely, Erythrosin B (ERB), Eosin Y (EOY) and Rose Bengal (ROB) in Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) (PVA) matrix has been studied. Quantum yield values of photobleaching using an argon-ion laser (514.5 nm) were determined in presence of an electron donor (TriEthAnolamine, TEA) and/or Cr(VI). Evaluated quantum yield values suggest that erythrosin B undergoes faster photobleaching than eosin Y or rose bengal in presence of TEA. Presence of Cr(VI) in addition to TEA drastically decreases the quantum yield. Possible reaction pathways of photobleaching are discussed.