掺杂各向异性三角晶格系统的自旋动力学

在t_J模型和fermion_spin理论框架下，研究了欠掺杂区 各向异性三角晶格反铁磁体的自旋动力学.与掺杂的四方晶格反铁磁体一样，随着掺杂的增大出现了公度到非公度的转变，而且散射峰的位置与各向异性度有关.尽管非公度峰的位置不随能量变化，但其权重随能量的增大而降低.  关键词： t_J模型 fermion_spin理论 三角晶格     

随机激励下Frenkel-Kontorova模型的纳米摩擦现象

基于一维Frenkel-Kontorova (FK)模型,借助随机龙格库塔方法,在非公度(incommensurate)和公度(commensurate)两种情形下,分别研究了高斯白噪声激励下,随机FK模型的纳米摩擦现象(滞回和超滑)随噪声强度的变化而变化的规律.两种情形表明随着噪声强度的增大,对减小系统滞回,产生超滑有积极的影响.另一方面,当系统机动性能(chain mobility)未达到饱和状态(B=1)时,噪声的引入,能加速原子的运动,使得原子更易脱离基底势的束缚而做运动,但是当系统达到饱和状态后,系统机动性能并不受噪声的影响.另外,两种情形的区别是,公度情形下,由于原子受到基底势更强烈的耦合作用,所以噪声对公度情形影响更为明显.     

氮掺杂对石墨烯摩擦学特性影响的分子动力学模拟

掺氮石墨烯具有良好的应用前景,但对其摩擦学特性的研究仍较为缺乏.本文采用分子动力学方法研究了氮掺杂对石墨烯摩擦学特性的影响.结果表明在公度、非公度的界面结构下,氮掺杂对石墨烯摩擦特性的影响呈现相反的趋势.界面结构为公度状态时,氮原子的引入导致了局部非公度状态,因而界面势垒降低、摩擦减小.界面公度性的改变、层间氮原子和碳原子的范德瓦耳斯力作用对界面摩擦的影响相反,在二者的共同作用下,随氮掺杂比例的升高,掺氮石墨烯体系的界面摩擦力呈现先增大再减小的趋势.界面结构为非公度状态时,氮原子的引入对界面摩擦的影响主要体现在原子类型的变化,界面摩擦随氮掺杂比例的增大而增大.存在空位缺陷的石墨烯体系的摩擦最大,掺杂氮原子对于降低缺陷石墨烯体系的摩擦具有积极意义.     

精确求解级联型三能级原子与单模相干态光场场熵的演化特性

本文利用全量子理论,在非旋波近似下对单模相干态光场与级联型三能级原子相互作用过程中场熵随时间的演化进行了精确求解.数值计算的结果表明：随着初始时刻平均光子数n以及光场与原子的耦合强度u, v的增大,场熵的平均值先增大后减小,因此纠缠度也同样先增大后减小;随着失谐量Δ的增大,场熵的平均值逐渐减小,因此纠缠度也逐渐减小. 关键词： 相干态正交化展开 非旋波近似 场熵     

扩展的t-J模型中的非公度反铁磁自旋关联

在t-J模型和fermion-spin理论框架下,研究了电子次近邻跃迁t′对欠掺杂四方晶格铜氧化物材料的反铁磁非公度自旋关联的影响.结果表明,虽然电子次近邻跃迁项使得自旋结构因子的非公度峰强度增加,但对物理上合理的、较小的t′值,t-t′-J模型的非公度自旋关联与t-J模型定性一致.     

无序度对一维长程关联无序系统中局域化-退局域化转变的影响

对长程幂律关联能量序列进行了修正,使其能体现出无序度在一维长程关联无序系统中的影响,并利用重正化群方法,计算了能反映该系统局域化-退局域化转变的Lyapunov指数.结果表明,在由于关联指数p的影响而在系统中出现的局域化向退局域化的转变中,无序度起着相反的作用.当关联指数p一定而无序度W增大时,系统中心能区范围内由于长程关联而引起的扩展态逐渐向局域态转变.当无序度W增大到某一临界值W_c时,系统中所有本征态均转变为局 关键词： 长程关联 Lyapunov指数 无序度 局域化-退局域化转变     

自旋轨道耦合作用对碳纳米管电子能带结构的影响

本文考虑自旋轨道耦合作用的情况下,采用紧束缚近似螺旋对称模型计算了单壁碳纳米管的电子能带结构.研究发现:对于Armchair型单壁碳纳米管,自旋轨道耦合作用和弯曲效应共同导致了费米面Dirac点附近电子能带结构的能隙;对于Zigzag型和手性单壁碳纳米管,自旋轨道耦合作用使得电子最高占据态和最低未占据态产生能级劈裂,能级劈裂的大小不但与碳纳米管的直径和手性角密切相关,而且相对于费米面是不对称的;根据指数(n,m)可以将Zigzag型和手性单壁碳纳米管分为金属性碳纳米管(ν=0) 关键词： 单壁碳纳米管 自旋轨道耦合 紧束缚近似螺旋对称模型     

有限长双壁碳纳米管的电子输运性质

基于Landauer公式，研究了有限长的非公度和公度双壁碳纳米管的电子输运性顾，结果表明 ，双壁管的几何结构对其电子输运性质有显著的影响：非公度的双壁碳管的电导随能量的不 同，既可以是弹道型的，也可以是非弹道型的；由armchair管组成的公度的双壁碳管的电导 随能量变化呈现快速的电导振荡，并且此快速振荡叠加在背景慢振荡上，而zigzag管组成的 公度双壁管的电导随能量变化只有快速振荡、没有规则的慢振荡背景. 关键词： 碳纳米管 电子输运性质     

量子阱中极化子的声子平均数

采用有效质量近似下的变分法,考虑到电子同时与表面光学声子和体纵光学声子相互作用,研究了无限深量子阱中极化子的表面光学声子平均数,体纵光学声子平均数和光学声子平均数。讨论了电子与体纵光学声子耦合强度α,阱宽L和势垒材料Al_xGa_1-xAs中Al的含量x对上述光学声子平均数的影响。以GaAs/Al_xGa_1-xAs量子阱为例进行了数值计算。结果表明:量子阱中表面光学声子平均数随耦合强度α,阱宽L和Al含量x增大而增大。量子阱中体纵光学声子平均数随耦合强度α,阱宽L的增大而增大。光学声子平均数随耦合强度α,阱宽L和Al含量x的增大而增大。     

两种纤维增强复合材料与连续激光耦合规律

 利用双积分球-光电管系统，开展了不同厚度的芳纶纤维/环氧、碳纤维/环氧复合材料在不同强度（低于烧蚀阈值）的1.319 mm连续激光辐照下的能量耦合规律研究。结果表明：芳纶纤维/环氧复合材料的反射率、能量耦合率随材料厚度增加而增大，透射率随材料厚度增加而减小；在材料厚度一定时，反射率、透射率随激光强度增加而增大，能量耦合率随激光强度增加而减小；体吸收系数随材料厚度的增加而减小，激光强度的变化对其没有影响。碳纤维/环氧复合材料的反射率随激光强度增加而增大，能量耦合率随激光强度的增加而减小，材料厚度对反射率和能量耦合率的影响不大。     

InGaN薄膜的紫外共振喇曼散射

利用325nm紫外光激发,对不同组分的In_xGa_1-xN薄膜的喇曼散射谱进行了研究.在光子能量大于带隙的情况下,观察到显著增强的二阶A₁(LO)声子散射峰.二阶LO声子峰都从一阶LO声子的二倍处向高能方向移动,移动量随样品In组分的增加而增大,认为是带内Frhlich相互作用决定的多共振效应引起的.分析了一阶LO声子散射频率和峰型与In组分的关系.在喇曼谱中观察到样品存在相分离现象,并与X射线衍射的实验结果进行 关键词： xGa_1-xN合金')" href="#">In_xGa_1-xN合金 紫外共振喇曼散射 二阶声子 相分离     

12C induced transfer reactions on 56Fe

Transfer reactions ⁵⁶Fe(¹²C, xN) have been investigated. Angular distributions of particles following elastic scattering, one neutron and one proton transfer reaction channels leading to low lying states in respective residual nuclei have been measured. These are analysed using the coupled reaction channel (CRC) formalism. Starting with a double folded real potential, the elastic scattering angular distribution is calculated using the computer code FRESCO. Inclusion of couplings to first excited states in both the target and the projectile already tends to describe the experimental elastic scattering distribution. Additional coupling of one neutron transfer reaction to first five excited states in ⁵⁵Fe and one proton transfer reaction to first three low lying states in ⁵⁷Co improves fit to the elastic scattering angular distribution. Further refinement in fit is brought about by addition of a weak imaginary potential to the complex potential calculated by ERESCO to simulate the absorption effects due to those channels whose coupling is not included explicitly. Such a potential describes the experimental angular distributions for elastic, one neutron and one proton transfer channels correctly in shape and magnitude without any arbitrary normalisation.     

Precision measurement of the coherent neutron scattering length of 3He through neutron interferometry

Improved knowledge of the real part of the neutron scattering length of ³He is important for further development of nuclear few-body theory, as well as for a thorough understanding of neutron scattering off quantum liquids. The real part of the bound incoherent neutron scattering length b_i' has recently been measured directly with an experimental uncertainty of better than 1% by means of spin echo spectrometry. The uncertainty of the more fundamental bound multiplet scattering lengths b_±' is thus limited by today's 1.2% uncertainty of the spin-independent coherent part b_c'. Employing the skew-symmetric perfect crystal Si-interferometer at the S18 experimental site at ILL, Grenoble, we have re-measured the real part of the bound coherent neutron scattering length b_c' of ³He. Our result b_c' = 6.010(21)fm exhibits a significant deviation compared to the latest accepted value b_c' = 5.74(7)fm (H. Kaiser, H. Rauch, G. Badurek, W. Bauspiess, U. Bonse, Z. Phys. A 291, 231 (1979)). Including the known value of the incoherent neutron scattering length, we obtain new values for the real parts of the free singlet and triplet scattering lengths, a_-' = 7.573(30)fm and a₊' = 3.480(18)fm. Our result contravenes by more than 7 standard deviations the measurement of the same physical quantity that has recently been performed by a group at NIST in a very similar experiment (P.R. Huffman, D.L. Jacobson, K. Schoen, M. Arif, T.C. Black, W.M. Snow, S.A. Werner, Phys. Rev. C 70, 014004 (2004)) which yielded b_c' = 5.853(7)fm.     

Zeeman effects on d-wave superconductor and tunneling spectrum in normal-metal/d-wave superconductor tunnel junction

We study the Zeeman effect on the d-wave superconductor and tunneling spectrum in normal-metal(N)/d-wave superconductor(S) junction by applying a Zeeman magnetic field to the S. It is shown that: (1) the Zeeman magnetic field can lead to the S gap decreasing, and with the increase in Zeeman energy, the superconducting state is changed to the normal state, exhibiting a first-order phase transition; (2) the Zeeman magnetic field may make the zero-bias conductance peak split into two peaks, and the energy difference between the two splitting peaks in the conductance spectrum is equal to 2h ₀ (h ₀ is the Zeeman energy); (3) both the barrier strength of interface scattering and the temperature can lower the magnitudes of splitting peaks, of which the barrier strength can lead to the splitting peaks becoming sharp and the temperature can smear out the peaks, however, neither of them can influence the Zeeman effect.     

Magnetic octupole order in : A polarized neutron diffraction study

Recently, in phase IV of Ce_xLa_1-xB₆, weak but distinct superlattice reflections from the order parameter of phase IV have been detected by our unpolarized neutron scattering experiment [K. Kuwahara, K. Iwasa, M. Kohgi, N. Aso, M. Sera, F. Iga, J. Phys. Soc. Japan 76 (2007) 093702]. The scattering vector dependence of the intensity of superlattice reflections is quite unusual; the intensity is stronger for high scattering vectors. This result strongly indicates that the order parameter of phase IV is the magnetic octupole. However, the possibility that the observed superlattice reflections are due to lattice distortions could not be completely ruled out only on the basis of the unpolarized neutron scattering experiment. To confirm that the superlattice reflections are magnetic, therefore, we have performed a single crystal polarized neutron diffraction experiment on Ce_0.7La_0.3B₆. The obtained result has clearly shown that the time reversal symmetry is broken by the order parameter of phase IV. This is further evidence for the magnetic octupole order in Ce_xLa_1-xB₆.     

Dynamic Deformations of the Crystal Lattice of Sphalerite in the Zn<Subscript>1−<Emphasis Type="Italic">x</Emphasis></Subscript>Co<Subscript><Emphasis Type="Italic">x</Emphasis></Subscript>Se(<Emphasis Type="Italic">x</Emphasis>=0.01) Compound

Local distortions of the crystal lattice of the semiconductor compound Zn_{1 − x} Co _x Se (x = 0.01) have been investigated using thermal neutron diffraction. It has been found that the diffraction patterns of the crystal contain regions of diffuse scattering in the vicinity of strong Bragg peaks at 300 K. As the temperature decreases, the intensity of diffuse scattering effects substantially decreases. Arguments in favor of the assumption that the origin of the diffuse scattering is caused by the Jahn-Teller vibronic effect are presented.     

Neutron diffraction study of the plastic phases of polycrystalline SF6 and CBr4

An investigation of the plastic phases of polycrystalline specimens of sulphur hexafluoride (SF₆) and carbon tetrabromide (CBr₄) by neutron elastic scattering and neutron diffraction experiments is reported. A theory of neutron diffraction in plastic crystals, which treats the Bragg scattering and the diffuse scattering from a unified point of view, is developed and applied in the interpretation of the neutron results. The Debye-Scherrer peaks are analysed, both by a cumulant expansion technique and a cubic harmonic analysis, to determine the crystal structures of the plastic phase which are found to be body-centred cubic (space group Im3_m) for SF₆ and face-centred cubic (space group Fm3m) for CBr₄. The bond-orientation distribution function, f(Ω), has maxima in the <100> directions for SF₆ and in the <110> directions for CBr₄. Since, in both cases, f(Ω) is appreciably different from zero for all orientations, it is apparent that significant thermal reorientation takes place in both these crystals. The translational and librational displacements in CBr₄ are exceptionally large and give rise to extensive diffuse scattering which is analysed on the basis of a simple Einstein model. The model predicts that the centre-of-mass thermal vibration and the orientational disorder give approximately equal contributions to the total diffuse scattering. The calculated scattering is in good agreement with experiment for all wave vector transfers outside the range 2 to 3 Å^-1. Inside this range discrepancies occur which are interpreted as evidence for the existence of orientational short-range order in CBr₄.     

Characterisation of Ba2In2 − x Sn x O5 + x/2 oxide ion conductors

The Ba₂In_2 − x Sn _x O_5 + x/2 solid solution was confirmed up to x = 1 by solid-state reaction. X-ray diffraction at room and at elevated temperatures, Raman scattering and impedance spectroscopy were used to characterise the samples. The structure refinement of the composition x = 0.1 from neutron diffraction data reveals that tin is preferentially located in the tetrahedral layers of the brownmillerite. Paper presented at the 11th EuroConference on the Science and Technology of Ionics, Batz-sur-Mer, Sept. 9–15, 2007     

Inelastic neutron scattering and lattice dynamics of minerals

We review current research on minerals using inelastic neutron scattering and lattice dynamics calculations. Inelastic neutron scattering studies in combination with first principles and atomistic calculations provide a detailed understanding of the phonon dispersion relations, density of states and their manifestations in various thermodynamic properties. The role of theoretical lattice dynamics calculations in the planning, interpretation and analysis of neutron experiments are discussed. These studies provide important insights in understanding various anomalous behaviour including pressure-induced amorphization, phonon and elastic instabilities, prediction of novel high pressure phase transitions, high pressure-temperature melting, etc.      

电子与钠原子散射的S, T, U参数研究

电子原子散射中的S，T，U参数可用来描述散射前后自旋状态的变化，研究精细结构水平上的散射激发振幅之间的关系，进而揭示电子原子碰撞过程中电子自旋-轨道耦合以及电子-电子交换等自旋相关效应.采用扭曲波玻恩近似计算了钠原子受电子散射S→P跃迁中的S，T，U参数，分析了多种入射能(2.2—60 eV)的电子与钠原子激发S→P跃迁过程的S,T,U参数随散射角的分布，其中对10 eV入射能的S_p参数与已报道实验数据符合一致.结果表明，较低能电子入射下的S,T,U参数随散射角的分布幅度和起伏都比较明显，入射能大于40 eV的电子入射，S,T,U参数的散射角分布变化很小. 关键词： 散射激发 S')" href="#">S T')" href="#">T U参数')" href="#">U参数 散射振幅 自旋相关效应