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聚丙烯微孔膜表面的等离子体接枝 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
通过氢气氛等离子体处理,在聚丙烯微孔膜表面接枝了聚丙烯酸,改善了膜表面的亲水性。接枝率与等离子体放电功率、放电时间和溶液浓度有关,微孔膜内外表面及不同位置接枝效率有差别。接枝后微也膜的表面孔径减少了。 相似文献
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接枝丙烯酰胺改善聚乙烯膜表面亲水性的研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
利用等离子体技术和紫外照射接枝相结合在聚乙烯膜表面接枝丙烯酰胺(AAm)以改善其亲水性。通过衰减全反射红外光谱(ATR-FTIR)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)和接触角测定验证了在无光引发剂的条件下,将等离子体预处理和紫外照射接枝结合起来可以有效地提高AAm的接枝效果,很好地改善PE膜表面的亲水性。探讨了等离子体复合参数W/(FM)、等离子体预处理时间、AAm单体浓度以及紫外照射时间对改善PE膜表面亲水性的影响,确定改善PE膜表面亲水性的最佳实验条件。 相似文献
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MBA接枝聚丙烯微孔膜的亲水改性研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
运用表面吸附法使聚丙烯微孔膜表面覆盖上引发剂,然后浸入氮氮亚甲基双丙烯酰胺(MBA)水溶液在一定温度下进行接枝反应。研究了引发剂用量,单体浓度,反应时间与温度对接枝率的影响,并用红外、扫描电镜对聚丙烯膜接枝前后的微孔膜进行了表征。同时对膜的亲水性和水通量进行了测试,发现其亲水性能有了极大的提高,其中接枝改性后接触角与未接枝的相比降低了90°以上,吸水率最多提高了12%,但是水通量有所下降。还对改性微孔膜的抗污染性能进行了探究。 相似文献
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聚丙烯微孔膜表面的空气等离子体处理 总被引:5,自引:2,他引:5
采用空气等离子体对聚丙烯微孔膜进行了处理,膜表面带有了氧元素,表面亲水性增强。微孔膜外表面改性程度较高,而孔内愈往深处改性程度愈弱。空气等离子体处理过的微孔膜力学性能下降。 相似文献
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一种新型亲水性有机-无机渗透蒸发分离膜——聚丙烯酰胺复合膜的制备 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
将纳米二氧化硅微孔膜用γ-(甲基丙烯酰氧基)丙基三甲氧基硅烷处理,再通过自由基聚合接枝丙烯酰胺单体制备出一种新型的亲水性有机-无机复合膜.用TGA测定了单体在二氧化硅粉末上的接枝率;用SEM和AFM观察了接枝反应前后膜表面形态的变化;系统研究了接枝单体浓度对膜的渗透蒸发分离性能的影响.结果表明,这种膜用于醇水和丙烯酸水溶液的分离有很好的选择性和渗透性;在丙烯酰胺质量分数为3%的溶液中接枝的膜有较好的分离性;溶液浓度和操作温度对膜渗透性的影响非常特殊. 相似文献
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荷电膜的膜电位研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
膜电位的测定是表征荷电膜的传递现象的重要参数之一。本文简要介绍了膜电位理论基础,包括T. M. S.理论和不可逆热力学理论。分别阐述了关于离子交换膜、双极膜、两性膜以及复合膜的膜电位的最新进展,并提出今后的发展方向。 相似文献
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Zeolite X membranes were investigated by in-situ hydrothermal synthesis on porous ceramic tubes precoated with zeolite X seeds or precursor amorphous aluminosilicate, and porous α-Al2O3 ceramic tubes with a pore size of 50 200 nm were employed as supports. Zeolite X crystals were synthesized by the classic method and mixed into deionized water as a slurry with a concentration of 0.2 0.5wt%, having a range of crystal sizes from 0.2 to 2μm. Crystal seeds were pressed into the pores near the inner surface of the ceramic tubes, and crystallization took place at 95℃ for 24-96 h. It was also investigated that Boehmite sol added with zeolite X seeds was precoated on ceramic supports to form a layer of γ-Al2O3 by heating, and hydrothermal crystallization could then take place to prepare the zeolite membranes on the composite ceramic tubes. The crystal species were characterized by XRD, and the morphology of the supports subjected to crystallization was characterized by SEM. The composite zeolite membranes have zeolitic top-layers with a thickness of 10-25 μm, and zeolite crystals can be intruded into pores of the supports as deeply as 100μm. The experimental results indicate that the precoating of zeolitic seeds on supports is beneficial to crystallization by shortening the synthesis time and improving the membrane strength. The resulting zeolite X membrane shows permselectivity to tri-n-butylamine((C4H9)3N) over perfluro-tributyl-amine ((C4Fg)3N), and a permeance ratio of 57 for ((C4Hg)3N to (C4F9)3N could be reached at 350℃. Permeances of BZ, EB and TIPB through the zeolite membrane were also measured and were found to slightly increase with temperature. 相似文献
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PREPARATIONOFSILICALITE┐1ANDZSM┐5ZEOLITE/CERAMICCOMPOSITEMEMBRANESZhangLixiong,JiaMengdong,MinEnze(ResearchInstituteofPetrole... 相似文献
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Zhongqiang Xu Qingling Chen Guanzhong LuShanghai Research Institute of Petrochemical Technology Shanghai ChinaInstitute of Industrial Catalysis East China University of Science Technology Shanghai China 《天然气化学杂志》2002,(Z2)
Zeolite X membranes were investigated by in-situ hydrothermal synthesis on porous ceramic tubes precoated with zeolite X seeds or precursor amorphous aluminosilicate, and porous α-Al2O3 ceramic tubes with a pore size of 50-200 nm were employed as supports. Zeolite X crystals were synthesized by the classic method and mixed into deionized water as a slurry with a concentration of 0.2-0.5wt%, having a range of crystal sizes from 0.2 to 2μm. Crystal seeds were pressed into the pores near the inner surface of the ceramic tubes, and crystallization took place at 95℃ for 24-96 h. It was also investigated that Boehmite sol added with zeolite X seeds was precoated on ceramic supports to form a layer of r-Al2O3 by heating, and hydrothermal crystallization could then take place to prepare the zeolite membranes on the composite ceramic tubes. The crystal species were characterized by XRD, and the morphology of the supports subjected to crystallization was characterized by SEM. The composite zeolite membranes hav 相似文献
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A model of the composite membrane consisting of the catalytic layer (CL) and the nanofiltration layer (NFL) is presented. It has been found that applying NFL on the permeate side of CL it is possible to enhance substantially the conversion of substrate into the product. The best performance is obtained for high retention of substrate and low of product. At higher values of volume flow and/or longer catalytic path the retention degree of product becomes negligible. The presence of NFL enhances the influence of distribution of the reaction rate constant, k, on the conversion ratio. Comparing to k = constant the positive effect is obtained if k increases along the catalytic pore, whereas negative—if k decreases. 相似文献