IN SITU TP-FTIR STUDY OF Cu_2MnO_x CATALYST IN CO OXIDATION

CO adsorption and oxidation over Cu2MnOx catalyst from room temperature to 373 K were studied by in situ IR with and without oxygen The results indicate that CO is easier to be oxidi/ed on Cu2MnOx surface at low temperature. The optimum temperature and the ratio of carbon monoxide to oxygen for CO oxidation were studied. Besides CO, the IR absorption bands of CO2 and carbonate group were also observed and used for qualitative catalyst structure analysis.     

STUDY OF THE CATALYTIC TECHNOLOGY IN THE OXIDATIVE COUPLING OF METHANE

The temperature of the catalyst bed in the oxidative coupling ofmethane would rise and be higher than the wall temperature when the amountof catalyst, the space velocity and the ratio of oxygen to methane wereincreased. Various aspects of the catalytic technology including the thickness ofthe catalyst bed, the mode of catalyst charge, the ratio of CH_4 to O_2 and thespece velocity were studied. An optimum temperature of the catalyst bed forhigher methane conversion and C_2 selectivity was investigated. It was foundthat the burning of methane in the gas phase to form CO occurred at certaintemperatures with some ratios of oxygen to methane. Additionally, the effectof adding water to the reaction feed gas was studied.     

甲烷在Rh/SiO2催化剂表面解离的红外光谱研究

 FT-IR spectroscopy is employed to investigate the methane dissociation and methane partial oxidation over the Rh/SiO2 catalyst. When CH4 is adsorbed onto the catalyst surface, it dissociates into adsorbed CHx (x=1～3) and atomic hydrogen on Rh surface. Atomic hydrogen can diffuse from Rh surface to SiO2 surface where a proton exchange reaction of H with the surface Si-OH occurs, or it reacts with the lattice oxygen of SiO2 to form new Si-OH.     

METHANE OXIDATIVE COUPLING ON ThO_2/CaF_2CATALYST

The oxidative coupling of methane(OCM)over ThO_2/CaF_2 catalystwas investigated.The catalyst was found to be active and selective for OCMreaction.At 1153 K,the C_2~ yield was 19.9% with 61.7% C_2~ selectivityand 32.1% CH_4 conversion.XRD results indicated that F~-(?)O~(2-)exchangehappened between ThO_2 and CaF_2 phases.XPS and Raman results suggestedthat the active oxygen species were generated and suitable for OCM reactionover the catalyst.     

Synthesis Gas Production from Natural Gas on Supported Pt Catalysts

Auto-thermal reforming of methane, combining partial oxidation and reforming of methane with CO2 or steam, was carried out with Pt/Al2O3, Pt/ZrO2 and Pt/CeO2 catalysts, in a temperature range of 300-900℃. The auto-thermal reforming occurs in two simultaneous stages, namely, total combustion of methane and reforming of the unconverted methane with steam and CO2, with the O2 conversion of 100% starting from 450 ℃. For combination with CO2 reforming, the Pt/CeO2 catalyst showed the lowest initial activity at 800 ℃, and the highest stability over 40 h on-stream. This catalyst also presented the best performance for the reaction with steam at 800 ℃. The higher resistance to coke formation of the catalyst supported on ceria is due to the metal-support interactions and the higher mobility of oxygen in the oxide lattice.     

OXIDATIVE COUPLING OF METHANE OVER Mn_2O_3-Na_2WO_4/SiO_2 CATALYST IN THE ABSENCE OF DILUTE GAS

The oxidative coupling of methane over Mn2O3-Na2WO4/SiO2 catalyst has been investigated in the absence of dilute gas. 16.4% of C2 yield and 80.4% of the selectivity to C2 hydrocarbons were obtained at CH4/O2 = 8.5/1.5. The effect of flow rate on the selectivity to C2 hydrocarbons and CH4 conversion was different under the reaction condition of different ratio of CH4 to oxygen. The flow rate had a more remarkable effect on the selectivity at the lower ratio of methane to oxygen. The addition of steam into the reaction gas can increase C2 yield to some extent, but that of HC1 decrease the selectivity to C2 hydrocarbons.     

STUDY ON LOW Ni CATALYST FOR METHANATION OF TOWN GAS

On the basis of the characterization of typical catalysts by activityevaluation,TPR,XRD and TEM,the effects of nickel content and promoterssuch as MgO,La_2O_3,and MnO_2 were discussed.Formation of MgNiO_2 by thecombination of promoter MgO with NiO increases the catalyst stability.Promot-er La_2O_3 is found well-distributed on the catalyst surface in the form of La_2O_3without any interaction with uther components.With physically scattering ef-fect,La_2O_3 can prohibit active component Ni from sintreing at high temperatureand then improve its thermal stability.It also affects the catalyst activity andreducibility.Introduction of La_2O_3 decreases the content of small Ni crystallite,and is helpful to the prohibition of carbon deposition.A new Ni-based town gasmethanation catalyst of low Ni content with high activity and high carbon depo-sition resistance is successfully developed in the laboratory.     

EFFECT OF RARE EARTH OXIDES ON Ni/Al_2O_3 CATALYST FOR THE STEAM REFORMING OF METHANE

Microreactor-chromatography and XRD technique have been used to investigate the proper-ties of Ni/Al_2O_3 catalyst impregnated with rare earth oxides for the steam reforming of methane.Theresults of the study have shown that the stability of catalytic activity and the ability of resistance to ox-idation of high temperature steam are improved.     

Mn-Na2WO4/SiO2催化剂表面活性中心结构的DFT研究

Mn Na2WO4/SiO2 is one of the best catalysts for oxidative coupling of methane.To investigate the nature of active centers and the reaction mechanism,the structure of possible metal sites formed by tungsten and manganese over the silica surface were studied using molecular simulation method and ab initio DFT calculations.Silica support exists in the catalyst as 岐瞔ristobalite and its (111) face exposes preferentially to the surface.The calculated results show that tungsten interacts with the silica surface by three or one bridge oxygen atoms to form tetrahedral [WO4],and manganese interacts with single bridge oxygen to form dispersed [MnO4] or exists as oxide clusters.The nature of the molecular orbitals and the electronic structure suggest that the tetrahedral [WO4] site with single bridge oxygen is the most probable active center responsible for methane activation.     

THE ROLE OF LATTICE AND GASEOUS OXYGEN ON THE OXIDATIVE COUPLING OF METHANE STUDIED BY A PULSE REACTION TECHNIQUE

A comparative study of the role of lattice and gaseous oxygen in theoxidative coupling of methane over Na~ /Cao and Ca_xSr_(1-x)TiO_3 perovskiteoxide catalysts was performed by using a pulse reaction technique with CH_4,O_2 and mixtures of CH_4and O_2.It was found that there is an oxygen species onthe Surface of Cao which is active only for the total oxidation of methane at thereaction temperature.These oxygen species.once reacted with methane andconsumed,can be regenerated by the adsorption of oxygen molecules from thegas phase or by the migration of the lattice oxysen from the bulk onto thesurface.In contrast,no such oxygen species and no reaction can be detected bymethane pulsed over Ca_xSr_(1-x)TiO_3perovskite oxide catalysts.Na~ can heavilysuppress the non-selective oxygen species on the surface,and When 5mol%Na~ was incorporated onto the surface of Cao,the sample showed no reactivityto methane.When oxygen exists in the gas phase,or the pulse containsmethane and oxygen,the reaction over(Cao is mai     

THE ADSORPTION OF OXYGEN OVER ThO_2-BaF_2 CATALYST

IntroductionInthcsclcctivcoxidationofalkanes.suchas'theoxidativccouplingofmcthanc(0CM)andthcoxidativcdch}'drogenationofcthanc(0DE)t0prcparccth}'lene.bothoxidcionsofthelatticeandtheox}'genspeciesovercataIystsuffocepla}'animportantrole.Althoughcxtcnsivcinvcstigationshavcbeengivcntothecharactcrizationofox}'gcnspccicsandthcreactionofox}'gcnspecicsx`ithalkanes,itisstilldifficulttosayt`hichoncsofox}'gcnspcciesarcthcactivcspecicsinthcactivation0falkancs.bccauscthenaturcofcatal}'stsandthecxperimcntc…     

PRODUCTION OF LIGHT OLEFINS FROM CO2 HYDROGENATION OVER Fe/SILICALITE-2 CATALYST IV. PERFORMANCE OF THE K-Fe-MnO/Si-2 CATALYST

A new K-Fe-MnO/Si-2 catalyst has been developed for CO2 hydrogenation, which exhibits a fascinating reaction activity and light olefin selectivity for CO2 hydrogenation. Over the catalyst, it is observed that olefin selectivity increases apparently with reaction temperature and/or GHSV, while decreases when reaction pressure is up. Furthermore, the catalyst exhibits a better stability for CO2 hydrogenation. However, coke deposited on catalyst surface is formed at the beginning of the reaction period and then reached a stable state during CO2 hydrogenation. Generally, the K-Fe-MnO/Si-2 catalyst can be regenerated for CO2 hydrogenation, the same selectivity of C2=-C4=alkenes is regained without any decrease in catalyst activity with time on stream.     

稀土盐酯化催化剂失活原因的探讨

实验发现，稀土盐作为酯化反应催化剂，重复使用时活性有较大幅度的下降。本文采用Ｘ射线衍射（ＸＲＤ）及程度升温分解（ＴＰＤＥ）等手段，结合四水硫酸铈（Ⅳ）催化合成乙醇单乙醚醋酸酯的反应活性测定，对鹇催化剂和经不同预处理的催化剂进行了研究，讨论了催化剂失活的原因。结果表明，四水硫酸铈（Ⅳ）的催化活性与表面质子酸性质有关。在反应过程中，催化剂发生结晶水的丢失，铈离子价态的降低及晶体结构的变化，使催化剂的质     

Fe—Silicalite—2催化剂表面CO2加氢反应性能的研究

研究了Ｆｅ／Ｓｉｌｉｃａｌｉｔｅ－２催化剂ＣＯ２加氢低碳烯烃反应性能，利用ＣＯ２－ＴＰＤ，ＣＯ２／Ｈ２－ＴＰＳＲ和ＣＯ／Ｈ２－ＴＰＳＲ表征手段，考察了铁含量及ＭｎＯ助剂对Ｆｅ／Ｓｉｌｉｃａｌｉｔｅ－２催化剂ＣＯ２吸附脱附及加氢反应性能的影响，表明随铁含量增加可提高催化剂对ＣＯ２的吸附能力，有利于提高ＣＯ２加氢反应的转化率。     

负载型非晶态催化剂Ru-B/TiO2的制备及应用

本工作用浸渍法和沉淀法制得了两种负载型非晶态催化剂Ｒｕ－Ｂ／ＴｉＯ２「ｗ（Ｒｕ）＝５％」。Ｘ射线衍射和差动热分析实验结果证实了Ｒｕ以非晶态形式存在,这两种非晶态催化剂在温和条件下对苯和环己烯均具有很高的催化加氢活性并对ＣＳ２也有良好的抗毒性能,在９０℃,０．２２ＭＰａ条件下,苯在这两种非晶态催化剂上加氢生成环己烷的转化率分别为９９．４％和９１．０％;当环己烯中ＣＳ２的含量为２．５％时环己烯在这两种催化剂上的加氢转化率分别为１００％和３１．３％。     

TPR STUDY OF SOPPORT EFFECT ON NiO-La_2O_3 METHANATION CATALYST

lntroductionTio2islargelyemploycdincatalystprcparationductoitsreducibilityandStrongilltCodionwiththesupportcdcomponcntsl1].Hotvever,somedraWbacksofTiO2,suchaslowsurfacearea,poormechanicalstrengthandunstableanataSestruCtureathightettiperature,makeitsindustrialutiliZaionnearlyimpossible.Accordinly,thcY-AlO3-Tio2supportisdeveloPedformakinbeStuseoftheadvantagndbyPaSsbethedisadVantagsl2-].ThcreisnoncwcompoundformedbetWeeny-Al2O3andTiO2,Iinstedd,TiO2isuniformlydisperscdonthesurfaceofy-Al2…     

EFFECT OF La_2O_3 AND CeO_2 ON CH_4-CO_2 REFORMING NICKEL CATALYST

IntroductionConsiderableattelltionisno\vbeillgpaidtotheCO7refonningof.etha..llto]forseveralreasonst(l)withthedevelopmentofindustrics.moreandnlorcCOZIsabettedintotheatmosphere,leadingto"greenhouseeffect",whichhasbroughtaboutgreatilltcreslallovertheworld.Th…     

MgCl_2晶型对丙烯聚合MgCl_2载体催化剂活性的影响

ＭｇＣｌ_２晶型对丙烯聚合ＭｇＣｌ_２载体催化剂活性的影响张明辉，肖世镜中国科学院化学研究所，北京，１００８０）关键词丙烯聚合、ＭｇＣｌ２、载体催化剂近年来，有关ＭｇＣＩ。载体催化剂的研究报道和综述文章不少，但涉及载体晶型对催化剂结构性能的影响却少见．...