高分子化学创新教学与一流课程建设

基于学情分析与独立思考,根据提高人才培养质量需要,在"以学生为中心、注重学生兴趣与能力,特别是可持续发展能力及创新能力培养"的教学思想指导下,针对高分子化学课程教学过程中的一些重点、难点、"痛点"问题,以及学生学习过程存在的一些短板问题,包括高分子化学课程特有的问题,所有工科专业课程共有的问题,以及所有大学课程都有的问题等,从"革新思想、优化内容、改进方法、更新手段、加强综合、增进渗透"等方面系统性地进行创新教学实践,取得了一系列成果,并将课程建设成为省级一流课程.     

高分子化学开放性实验开设初探

为了更好的提高学生对理论课知识的学习和掌握,我们结合自身的教学实践,在高分子化学课程开设的同时开设高分子化学实验,并将开放性实验的特点“设计性、综合性”引入到高分子化学实验教学过程中。通过设计性实验使学生成为学习的主体,主动学习,达到对高分子化学理论知识深入理解和掌握;通过增加综合探究性实验,使学生对高分子化学前沿学科...     

“科教深度融合”的高分子物理教学探索与实践

“高分子物理”是研究高分子结构与性能之间内在关系及其规律的学科,是材料、化学、化工专业的核心课程,旨在培养学生运用正确的物理思维分析和解决高分子相关问题的能力,为以后专业发展提供重要的学科基础。不同于小分子,高分子在不同空间和能量上具有多尺度特征。同时,相当一部分学生在课堂上的自主学习能力、高阶思维能力、创新意识均较弱。针对该课程的教学“痛点”问题,培养具有原创能力的高素质人才,应以学生发展为中心,大力推进“科教深度融合”课堂改革,以科研项目牵引“高分子物理”课堂的“课前思辨”“课堂体验”“课后实践”各环节,使学生在“探究式”“讨论式”“实践式”的“科教深度融合”过程中进行全身心学习,做到“知行”统一与学思结合,有效实现“知识-能力-素质”一体化育人,本科生在基础研究领域中的原创能力大大增强,教学创新成效显著。     

《高分子化学》课程教学体会点滴

《高分子化学》课程是大部分材料类专业的必修课程,学生的学习兴趣和对课程内容的掌握程度,对后续的专业课学习影响很大。针对材料类专业《高分子化学》课程教学过程中的一些共性问题,如课程的重点与教学安排、课程主线及其所解决的问题、可控/"活性"自由基聚合的本质和对高分子学科发展的意义、配位聚合的内涵和教学重点以及经典高分子化学与高分子化学新发展之间的关系等,提出了了本人的见解,并就如何调动学生的学习积极性和提高教学质量介绍了本人的教学经验和进行了讨论。     

农林类高校《高分子材料新进展》课程教学改革初探

《高分子材料新进展》是我国部分农林类高校高分子材料与工程专业开设的本科专业限选课程。根据农林类高校的专业特色和高分子材料专业人才培养的需求,在教学过程中通过调整课程教学内容、改善教学方法与手段、积极探索教学考核方式等途径,从而使学生开阔视野,进一步丰富专业基础理论知识,培养和激发学生的学习和科研兴趣,提高分析问题和解决实践问题的能力,以满足社会和科学研究对专业人才的需求。     

《高分子材料成型加工原理》课程教学方法探究

《高分子材料成型加工原理》是高分子材料与工程专业最重要的专业课程之一。但是仅凭课堂讲授很难让学生理解高分子材料加工工艺的过程及其原理,学生参与性差。针对学院的《高分子材料成型加工原理》课程特点,通过计算机在配方设计当中的应用、多媒体的应用、案例分析和学生互动交流相结合的教学方法加深学生对高分子材料加工过程及其原理等抽象概念的理解。授课方式既有理论讲解、又有实例演示,使课程教学更具实用性,激发学生的学习兴趣,培养学生分析问题、解决问题的能力,提高了高分子专业这门课程的教学效果。     

基于专业认证的“高分子浆料浆纱工艺综合实验”课程教学改革

根据工程教育专业认证要求,分析"高分子浆料浆纱工艺综合实验"课程教学的现状及存在问题,基于专业认证视角,提出该实验课程改革的思路和方法。为更好地适应专业认证要求,增强学生解决复杂工程问题的能力,明确了该课程支撑的毕业要求和课程指标点,更新了教学大纲、实验设备,新增浆料制备,以及浆液、浆膜性能测试等实验教学环节,增加设计性、创新性实验项目比例,并更新了课程考核方式,在提高学生解决复杂工程问题能力的同时,实现课程内容的可持续改进。     

基于工程教育认证理念《高分子材料研究方法》教学设计改革与实践

针对学生在学习《高分子材料研究方法》课程中存在的基础知识掌握不够扎实、知识的运用能力、综合分析能力较差等问题,结合《高分子材料研究方法》的课程特点,基于工程教育认证三大理念"学生中心、成果导向和持续改进",对课程的教学设计进行改革,内容包括:针对不同的内容选择合适的教学策略、设计"教师为主导,学生为主体的教学过程"、设置多元化的教学评价体系。教师在教学实施中采用启发式教学、互动式教学、问题导向教学以及理论与实践相结合的方式,能够改善教学效果,提高学生学习效率。     

基于STEM教学理念的分析化学实验教学新模式探索——以“自来水硬度测定”为例

STEM是一种集科学、技术、工程、数学多学科融合的项目式教育理念,旨在通过融合多学科知识完成项目目标,从而培养学生提出问题、分析问题以及解决问题的能力,进而激发学生的科学探索精神和创新思维能力,已经成为当前国际教育研究和改革的热点。本文将STEM教育理念引入分析化学实验教学过程中,探索发展分析化学实验课程教学新模式。倡导以学生为中心、以真实问题为牵引,学生以相关课程理论为线索,自主完成实验方案设计、实验过程、实验结果分析等一系列分析化学实验过程,从而培养学生的科学探索与实践能力。主要从课程内容、教学方法以及考核方式等三个方面来探索分析化学实验教学新模式,进而提高分析化学实验的教学质量和学生的学习兴趣和科学素养。     

《高分子材料成型加工》课程教学创新探索

《高分子材料成型加工》作为高分子材料学科的必修课程,是培养具备高分子材料与工程知识,从事高分子材料研究、开发和加工应用的工程技术人员的核心课程。课程内容丰富、实践性强,具有自己独特的理论体系和技术方法。近代科学技术与工业的进步,为高分子材料学科的发展开拓了更广泛的前景,同时对《高分子材料成型加工》课程教学也提出了更高更新的要求,为此传统的教学资源和方法急待改革和完善。本文从优化教学内容、开拓教学模式、增加学科融合和交叉等方面对高分子材料成型加工课程的教学进行了创新性探索,通过深入优化教学方案,提高教学质量和人才培养质量,为学生今后从事高分子材料方面的工作奠定良好的理论和实践基础。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Microwave-assisted copper-catalyzed stereoselective ring expansion of three-membered heterocycles with α-diazo-β-dicarbonyl compounds

Microwave-assisted copper-catalyzed ring expansions of three-membered heterocycles with α-diazo-β-dicarbonyl compounds were investigated. Thiiranes generated 3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiines in the presence of copper sulfate and trans-3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiines as stereospecific products for 1,2-disubstituted cis-thiiranes through an intramolecular S_N2 process. Oxiranes gave rise to 2-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-dioxines under the catalysis of copper hexafluoroacetylacetonate and cis-3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-dioxines as stereospecific products for 1,2-disubstituted cis-oxiranes via an intimate ion-pair mechanism. The current method provides a direct and simple strategy in efficient preparation of 3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiines and 2-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-dioxines, important agents in medicinal and agricultural chemistry, from readily available thiiranes and oxiranes, respectively.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.