209Fr的能级结构研究

利用能量为90—105MeV的¹⁶O束流,通过¹⁹⁷Au(¹⁶O,4n)反应研究了²⁰⁹Fr的高自旋态能级结构.进行了γ射线的激发函数、γ-γ延迟符合及γ射线的角分布测量.首次建立了由21条γ射线构成的²⁰⁹Fr的能级纲图,其中包括一个半寿命为(52±20)ns的同质异能态.基于²⁰⁹Fr与²⁰⁸Rn低位能级结构的相似性,用一个h_9/2价质子与²⁰⁸Rn激发态的弱耦合解释了²⁰⁹Fr的低位能级结构.     

141Nd激发态的在束γ谱学研究

通过130Te(16O,5nγ)141Nd反应布居了141Nd的高自旋态能级. 对反应产生的在束γ射线进行了γ射线单谱和γ-γ符合测量. 建立了激发能达7614.5keV的141Nd能级纲图,新发现了12条γ射线和15个能级. 基于实验测量的γ跃迁各向异性,建议了141Nd部分能级的自旋值. 用一个h11/2价中子空穴与142Nd核芯晕态的耦合可以定性地解释141Nd的能级结构.     

207Rn能级结构的实验研究

利用能量为85—95MeV的^0束流，通过^196Pt(^160，5n)^207Rn反应布居了^207Rn的高自旋态。实验进行了γ射线的激发函数、γ射线的单谱、衰变谱和γ—γ—t符合测量。建立了由17条γ射线组成的^207Rn能级纲图，并且基于实验测量的DC0系数建议了各能级的自旋值。用一个人f5/2价中子空穴与^207Rn核芯耦合定性地解释了^207Rn的低位激发态。     

207Rn能级结构的实验研究

利用能量为85—95MeV的¹⁶O束流,通过¹⁹⁶Pt(¹⁶O,5n)²⁰⁷Rn反应布居了²⁰⁷Rn的高自旋态.实验进行了γ射线的激发函数、γ射线的单谱、衰变谱和γ-γ-t符合测量.建立了由17条γ射线组成的²⁰⁷Rn能级纲图,并且基于实验测量的DCO系数建议了各能级的自旋值.用一个f_5/2价中子空穴与²⁰⁸Rn核芯耦合定性地解释了²⁰⁷Rn的低位激发态.     

首次建立缺中子核素209Fr的分支比很弱的(EC+β+)衰变纲图

用¹⁶O束轰击¹⁹⁷Au靶,通过熔合蒸发4n反应产生了²⁰⁹Fr,借助于氦喷嘴带传输系统对其衰变性质进行了研究.由γ-t,X-γ-t,γ-γ-t符合及γ-γ延迟符合测量得到的结果,首次建立了²⁰⁹Fr的(EC+β⁺)衰变纲图.它包含了20条γ射线.²⁰⁹Rn的5个低位态的成员可以用[(²¹⁰Rn2⁺)(νf_5/2)^－1]多重态结构来解释.实验估计²⁰⁹Fr(EC+β⁺)衰变的分支比为(3.0±1.5)%.     

190Pt的高自旋态研究

利用176Yb (18O, 4n)熔合蒸发反应,在束流能量95和88MeV下,研究了190Pt的激发态能级结构. 用12套带BGO反康普顿抑制的高纯锗探测器阵列进行了γ-γ-t符合测量. 基于实验测量结果,在14+（3413.6keV）的能态上建立了一个新的能级结构,并建议其组态为ni13/2-2 nh9/2-1nj (j=p3/2 or f5/2).     

ΛN张量相互作用的首次观测

在用HYPERBALL进行的16ΛO的γ射线谱学测量中, 观察到由16ΛO的6.6 MeV 1－2 激发态跃迁到基态自旋翻转二重态( 1－1和0-)之间的两条γ射线. 由这两条γ射线的能量差得到基态二重态之间的能量间隔为26.4 ± 1.6(stat) ± 0.5(syst) keV, 并由此推导出ΛN之间的张量相互作用强度T=0.03MeV.实验还测定了16ΛO的激发态的激发能为6561.7 ± 1.1(stat) ± 1.7(syst) keV.     

SrRuO_3的电子结构与磁性研究

用自洽的全势能线性丸盒轨道能带方法计算了氧化物体系SrRuO3(SRO)的电子结构和磁性 .对于理想的立方钙钛矿结构的计算得出的电子结构明显改善了已有的计算结果 :每个元胞的磁矩为 1 2 9μB ,按原子球划分为 0 84μB Ru原子和 0 11μB O原子 ;Sr原子上的自旋磁矩几乎为零 ;费米能级处的态密度N(EF)为 4 3 5 (states Ryd f.u .) .关于实际的正交结构SRO ,计算得出磁矩为 1 0 8μB f.u .的铁磁性基态 ,费米能级处的态密度N(EF)为 61 0(states Ryd f.u .) ,电子线性比热系数γ为 10 60mJ mol·K2 .结果说明SRO是一宽能带的巡游铁磁性体系 .     

自旋相关的Λ超子与核子间张量相互作用的首次观测

超核γ谱学国际合作组在用超球γ谱仪(Hyperball)进行的1Λ6O的γ射线谱学测量中,观察到由1Λ6O的6.6MeV12-激发态跃迁到基态自旋翻转二重态(11-和0-)之间的两条γ射线.由这两条γ射线的能量差得到基态二重态之间的能量间隔为26.4±1.6(统计误差)±0.5(系统误差)keV,并由此推导出ΛN之间的张量相互作用强度T=0.03MeV.实验还测定了Λ16O的12-激发态的激发能为6561.7±1.1(统计误差)±1.7(系统误差)keV.     

198Pb低位能级结构研究

用100MeV ¹⁶O束流轰击厚的天然Re,产生了具有β⁺/EC衰变性质的核素¹⁹⁸Bi(¹⁹⁸Pb的母核).完全在在束的实验条件下用γ-γ符合测量方法研究了¹⁹⁸Bi的衰变γ线,确定了¹⁹⁸Pb的八个能级,识别出了¹⁹⁸Pb低位态能级退激的五条新γ线,从而进一步丰富了¹⁹⁸Pb的低位态能级结构.     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Hybrid Wavelength and Code Division Multiple Access in Optical Networks

A review of schemes for multiple access in fiber optic networks shows that a hybrid of wavelength and code division multiple access (WCDMA) combines the best features of both. In particular, the hybrid scheme retains the large information carrying capacity of wavelength division multiple access (WDMA) and flexibility of code division multiple access (CDMA). In this paper WDMA, optical CDMA (OCDMA), and WCDMA networks are discussed. In OCDMA networks, concept of incoherent and coherent coding including inverse decoding and matched filter is introduced. The delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks, under the simple suboptimum access protocols based on cyclic search, is computed. It has been shown quantitatively that tuning delay significantly affects the delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks. Futhermore, delay performance of WCDMA networks is always better than the WDMA networks for the same tuning delay, load, and number of users.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Research on beamforming method for dual-line array with space mismatch between the two line arrays

The performance of port/starboard discrimination of dual-line array will be seriously degraded when the space between the two line arrays of the dual-line array is mismatched. The directivity function of the delay-sum and delay-subtract beamforming is deduced and the port/starboard discrimination of the delay-sum and delay-subtract beamforming is also studied both under the ideal status and the status under which the space between the two line arrays of the dual-line array is mismatched. Analysis results show the delay-subtract beamforming has better performance of port/starboard discrimination. At last, the sea trial results demonstrate the theoretical results.     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Retrieval of ultraviolet skylight radiances and O3 slant column densities from balloon-borne limb spectrometer

With a novel light-weight and absolutely calibrated ultraviolet （UV） spectrometer, UV skylight radiances and O3 slant column densities are measured by balloon-borne limb measurements in Xinjiang area, China. UV skylight radiances measured at the height of 31 km are compared with the results from Modtran in the wavelength range from 290 to 420 nm. O3 slant column densities are derived from radiance spectra in the Huggins bands （320 - 335 nm） using differential optical absorption spectroscopy method. And the parameter exhibits a good correlation with the same value simulated by radiative transfer model （Tracy）. The O3 profile simultaneously measured by an O3 sonde is used as input in Tracy calculations. The O3 sonde is launched on the same balloon.     

Design optimization of highly sensitive LSPR enhanced surface plasmon resonance biosensors with nanoholes

For breaking through the sensitivity limitation of conventional surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensors, novel highly sensitive SPR biosensors with Au nanoparticles and nanogratings enhancement have been proposed recently.But in practice, these structures have obvious disadvantages.In this study, a nanohole based sensitivity enhancement SPR biosensor is proposed and the influence of different structural parameters on the performance is investigated by using rigorous coupled wave analysis (RCWA).Electromagnetic field distributions around the nanohole are also given out to directly explain the performance difference for various structural parameters.The results indicate that significant sensitivity increase is associated with localized surface plasmons (LSPs) excitation mediated by nanoholes.Except to outcome the weakness of other LSP based biosensors, larger resonance angle shift, reflectance amplitude, and sharper SPR curves' width are obtained simultaneously under optimized structural parameters.     

Polymer gratings based on photopolymerization for low-order distributed feedback polymer lasers

Novel polymer distributed feedback(DFB)gratings are fabricated based on photopolymerization to reduce lasing threshold of polymer lasers.A photopolymer formulation sensitive to 355-nm ultraviolet(UV)light is proposed for the fabrication of polymer gratings and it can be used to form polymer films by spin-coating process.A very low surface-relief depth ranging from 12.5 to about 1.0 nm has been demonstrated with a refractive-index modulation of about 0.012.The experimental results indicate that such polymer gratings have promising potentials for the fabrication of low-order DFB organic semiconductor lasers.