倍半硅氧烷改性环氧树脂的研究进展

倍半硅氧烷是近年发展起来的一种分子水平的有机无机杂化材料。文章介绍了倍半硅氧烷的结构、合成以及笼型倍半硅氧烷（POSS）基高分子复合材料的结构及合成方法。倍半硅氧烷改性聚合物可以提高聚合物的热性能、阻燃性能和物理机械性能等。文章综述了倍半硅氧烷改性环氧树脂的研究进展。     

基于倍半硅氧烷的有机-无机杂化材料研究

有机-无机杂化材料兼具有机材料和无机材料的优点,是继单组份材料、复合材料和梯度材料之后的新一代功能材料。基于可以通过分子设计与剪裁的倍半硅氧烷(笼型倍半硅氧烷和无规倍半硅氧烷)无机前驱体,利用多种方法如反应性共混法、溶胶-凝胶法、光固化、原子转移自由基聚合、自组装技术等制备一系列高性能聚合物/倍半硅氧烷有机-无机纳米杂化材料。     

带功能基的笼形倍半硅氧烷合成进展

笼形倍半硅氧烷(POSS)是基于化学键合作用而形成的分子内杂化体系,这种有着规整立体结构同时具有单纳米尺度的有机无机杂化分子引起了研究人员的广泛关注,独特的纳米笼形结构也为分子水平上改进高分子的科学研究提供了可能性.本文综述了多面体倍半硅氧烷(POSS)的结构、性能与合成方法,重点介绍了巯基POSS、金属杂化POSS、...     

笼型倍半硅氧烷及其在阻燃聚合物中的应用

笼型倍半硅氧烷(POSS)是一种新型的有机-无机杂化材料,是基于化学键作用形成的分子内杂化结构。由于其独特的分子结构,与聚合物复配后形成的杂化材料不但能够明显改善聚合物基体的力学性能、加工性能和光电性能,同时能够显著提高聚合物的耐热性能和燃烧性能。本文简要综述了POSS单体的结构特点及几种在阻燃聚合物中常用到的带有特种结构官能团POSS的合成方法,分析了POSS的加入对聚合物阻燃机理的影响,重点介绍了近年来POSS在阻燃聚合物中的应用研究进展,并展望了今后的研究方向和重点。     

多面体笼型倍半硅氧烷纳米杂化低介电材料的研究

多面体笼型倍半硅氧烷( POSS)是由O-Si-O链接的纳米大小的笼型无机芯[(SiO1.5)n]和外围有机取代基团（活性或惰性）组成,这种独特的结构为杂化功能材料的制备提供了重要的平台与基础。本文从低介电材料结构对性能的影响,以及低介电性能的形成机理,综述了当前低介电材料制备方法,尤其是多面体笼型倍半硅氧烷( POSS)在低介电材料控制制备的研究进展,为该领域新材料设计提供借鉴。     

含多面低聚倍半硅氧烷新型杂化聚合物的合成

基于多面低聚倍半硅氧烷（POSS）的杂化聚合物是近年发展起来的一类新型有机/无机杂化材料，性能独特，应用前景广阔。本文综述了含POSS新型杂化聚合物的合成研究进展，涉及自由基溶液聚合、可控活性聚合、开环易位聚合、缩聚和配位聚合。     

桥联聚倍半硅氧烷的发展

桥联聚倍半硅氧烷是一类被广泛应用的有机-无机杂化材料,这种材料具有三维网状结构,该结构使其实现了有机和无机组分在分子水平上的混合,从而让它兼具有机和无机组分的双重性质,同时通过改变有机组分的类型,可以得到具有特殊性能的桥联聚倍半硅氧烷。本文从分子结构、合成方法、典型物质及典型应用方面简要介绍了桥联聚倍半硅氧烷干凝胶与气凝胶。此外,对一种具有特殊结构——有序介孔结构的桥联聚倍半硅氧烷材料从其发展历史、单体结构以及应用几个角度做了简单综述。     

基于有机改性硅氧烷作为连接体组装稀土光功能杂化材料

针对近年来基于有机改性硅氧烷作为连接体构筑的光功能稀土杂化材料的最新进展进行了评述,其重点着眼于稀土离子的优良光敏化有机配体修饰硅氧烷偶联剂获得有机改性硅氧烷,以其作为多功能连接体(分子桥)来实现对发光稀土杂化材料体系的化学键组装。内容主要涉及基于芳香羧酸衍生物类改性硅氧烷构筑稀土杂化材料、基于β-二酮及类β-二酮衍生物类改性硅氧烷构筑稀土杂化材料、基于大环配体衍生物类改性硅氧烷构筑稀土杂化材料、基于杂环等衍生物类改性硅氧烷构筑稀土杂化材料、基于有机改性硅氧烷多元组装稀土杂化材料及基于离子液体改性硅氧烷构筑稀土介孔硅杂化材料几个重要方面。主要结合我们自己的近期研究工作,通过系统总结来展现该领域的研究面貌并提出未来展望。     

桥联聚倍半硅氧烷及其在吸附领域中的应用

桥联聚倍半硅氧烷作为一种新型的有机-无机杂化材料近年来引起了人们极大的关注,这类材料由于结构上的特殊性而表现出了许多优异的性能.本文介绍了桥联聚倍半硅氧烷的研究现状、结构特性和合成方法及合成条件包括烷氧基团和桥联基团的结构、反应物浓度、溶剂、催化剂及温度等因素对材料结构的影响.对桥联聚倍半硅氧烷在吸附领域中对金属离子及有机物的吸附研究及应用情况进行了总结,并展望了其未来的发展方向.     

桥联聚倍半硅氧烷的近期研究进展--单体合成及应用

桥联聚倍半硅氧烷作为一种新型的有机-无机杂化材料在近十年的研究中引起了人们的极大关注,这种材料的单体可以通过不同的合成方法获得,为材料的设计和剪裁提供了极大的便利。本文综述了桥联聚倍半硅氧烷单体的合成方法,对其在光学、催化、吸附等方面的应用作了评述,同时将发光稀土配合物引入桥联聚倍半硅氧烷的研究作了介绍,最后对桥联聚倍半硅氧烷将来的发展趋势作了展望。     

UV固化丙烯酸酯化有机硅及杂化材料的研究与应用

丙烯酸酯化有机硅及杂化材料因兼具有机硅材料的优异性能和光固化的高效、节能及环保等特点而得到广泛的应用。文章综述了光敏性丙烯酸酯化有机硅单体的种类、结构特点及其制备方法,分析了紫外光（UV）固化后聚合物及其杂化材料的性能,介绍了它们的研究与应用现状及其发展前景。     

Inorganic-Organic Hybrid Polymers Based on Surface-Modified Metal Oxide Clusters

Transition metal oxide clusters with unsaturated carboxylate ligands bonded to their surface were polymerized in the presence of organic co-monomers by various polymerization techniques to form cluster-reinforced polymers. The properties of the cluster-crosslinked hybrid polymers are distinctly different to those of the parent polymers and originate from both crosslinking and filler effects. Variation of the cluster proportion, the kind of employed cluster, the ratio of functional and non-functional capping ligands and the polymerization conditions allows modifying the materials properties of the hybrid materials. The most important changes in materials properties compared with the cluster-free polymers relate to the swelling behavior, thermal stability and mechanical properties. Furthermore, cluster-specific properties can be introduced into the polymers, such as magnetic properties.     

Cubic Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane Based Functional Materials: Synthesis,Assembly, and Applications

Organically modified cubic polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS) have attracted increasing attention in the design of novel functional hybrid materials for applications such as porous materials, liquid crystals, semiconductors, high‐temperature lubricants, fuel cells, and lithium batteries. The nanosized POSS moiety can be conveniently modified on the periphery with a variety of functional groups to lead to hybrid materials with desired functions. In addition, suitable mono‐functionalized POSS derivatives can be incorporated into polymers as side chains via various synthetic strategies to offer a wide class of functional polymeric materials with tunable physical properties for targeted applications. In this Focus Review, we aim to summarize the recent developments on the chemistry and applications of POSS‐based molecules and polymers. Moreover, the properties as well as assembly behavior of the POSS‐based functional hybrid materials will be reviewed, and the relationship of the performance of the hybrid materials with the intrinsic nature of the POSS unit will be addressed.     

Electrochemical Growth of Conducting Polymer into Zirconium Oxopolymers Sol-Gel Coatings

Conducting polymer based hybrid materials were synthesized by a new route. The use of pyrrole derivatives functionalized by a carboxylic acid or a -diketone group allows to control the polymerization rate of zirconium tetrapropoxide (Zr(OPr)₄). The organic species entrapped in the resulting hybrid materials yield conducting polymers by electropolymerization. The results show that the formation of the conducting polymers depends on the nature of the monomer. Moreover, the presence of polysiloxane chains within the hybrid materials improves the properties of the latter.     

Preparation and Characterization of PMMA/MMT Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Materials via RAFT Polymerization

In this article, the poly(methyl methacrylate)/montmorillonite (PMMA/MMT) organic-inorganic hybrid materials were prepared by conventional free radical polymerization and reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization, respectively. The kinetics comparison of these two polymerizations was studied. The PMMA/MMT hybrid materials were characterized by gel permeation chromatography (GPC), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). According to these results, we knew that the polymerization behavior of MMA showed controlled/living radical polymerization (CLRP) characteristics under the control of RAFT agent. The incorporation of RAFT agent and MMT nanoparticles improved the thermal properties of polymers, and the thermal stability of polymers increased with increasing content of MMT nanoparticles. The structures and morphologies of PMMA/MMT hybrid materials were characterized by FT-IR, XRD and TEM. These results showed that the MMA monomer can be initiated and propagated in the clay layers of MMT via the control of RAFT agent, and then the exfoliated structure was obtained for the hybrid materials.     

PMMA/TiO_2-SnO_2有机无机杂化材料的制备及表征

以乙酰丙酮为偶联剂,应用溶胶-凝胶法制备了聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)/TiO2-SnO2有机无机杂化材料。采用红外光谱(FT-IR)、紫外光谱(UV)对PMMA/TiO2-SnO2进行表征,并测定其TG性质。结果表明:在聚合反应过程中,有机聚合物和无机组分之间通过共价键相连,并且该杂化材料具有良好的抗紫外光辐射性能和热稳定性能。     

Barrier Properties OF Inorganic-Organic Polymers: Influence of Starting Compounds,Curing Conditions and Storage-Scaling-Up to Industrial Application—

With a new kind of barrier coating material, namely inorganic-organic polymers, it is possible to obtain high-barrier properties for oxygen, water vapor, and flavor permeation. These hybrid polymers can be synthesized by the sol-gel technique. Network forming reactions and degrees of condensation in the coating sols as well as in the cured coating materials were characterized using ²⁹Si, ¹³C-NMR and FT-Raman spectroscopy. The oxygen barrier properties of the hybrid polymers were found to be strongly influenced by the inorganic and also by the organic network density. In order to scale-up the excellent laboratory results to pilot plant and production dimensions additional efforts were necessary. For optimization of the barrier coating compositions the influence of the starting compounds on the resulting barrier properties had to be investigated. A constant quality of the coating sols during the industrial processing had to be guaranteed so as to obtain reproducible barrier properties. The influence of storage conditions on chemical reactions in the coating sols, indicated by changes of viscosity, was investigated. Since the curing times of the laboratory system were not transferable to the high speed of the production roll coating process more effective curing methods had to be found. The influence of the storage time of the cured coating materials on the oxygen barrier properties was investigated. Even by storing at ambient temperature further improvement of the oxygen barrier properties was obtained. Only by optimizing all of the above mentioned parameters can the excellent barrier properties result in marketable products.     

Optically Active Hybrid Materials Constructed from Helically Substituted Polyacetylenes

Functional materials derived from synthetic helical polymers are attracting increasing interest. Helically substituted polyacetylenes (HSPAs) are especially interesting as typical artificial helical polymers. In recent years, we designed and prepared a series of functional materials based on HSPAs and inorganic materials. The target is to establish some novel hybrid materials that combine the superior properties of both. The examined inorganic materials include silica, graphene, and magnetic Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles. Such new functional materials hold great promise and are expected to find practical applications, for instance, as chiral absorbents, chiral sensors, chiral selectors for inducing enantioselective crystallization, chiral catalysts towards asymmetric catalysis, and chiral carriers for enantioselective release. The Personal Account summarizes our major achievements in preparing optically active hybrid materials. We hope it will speed up progress in chiral‐related research areas.     

聚酰亚胺无机纳米杂化材料

聚酰亚胺(PI)作为一种功能材料，具有良好的介电性、优良力学性能，已被广泛应用于航空航天及微电子领域，但其明显的吸水性和热膨胀性限制了其在高温和精密状态下的应用。无机纳米材料具有很低的热膨胀系数和较低的吸水性，非常适合于对PI的改性。本文阐述了PI纳米杂化材料的制备方法。概要介绍了PI纳米杂化材料的类型、特点、性能及应用领域，并对这类材料的发展前景进行了综述。