X@(HAINH)_(12)和X(HAINH)_(12)(X=F~-,Cl~-,Br~-,O~(2-),S~(2-),Se~(2-))复合物的结构和稳定性

用DFT的B3LYP方法在6-31G(d)基组的水平上,对闭式多面体簇合物(HA1NH)12及其内含式X@(HA1NH)12外接式X(HA1NH)12(X=F-,Cl-,Br-,O2-,S2-,Se2-)复合物的结构进行了构型优化和能量计算,并讨论了几何构型、自然键轨道(NBO)、振动频率、能量参数及NMR数据与结构的关系,最后得到复合物结构的稳定性信息,具有Th对称性的X@(HA1NH)12(X=F-,Cl-,Br-,S2-,Se2-)复合物和具有C3对称性的O2-@(HA1NH)12复合物为内含式的基态结构,从能量角度分析,内含式复合物比外接式复合物的结构稳定.     

X@(HAlNH)12和X(HAlNH)12 (X＝F－, Cl－, Br－, O2－, S2－, Se2－)复合物的结构和稳定性

用DFT的B3LYP方法在6-31G(d)基组的水平上, 对闭式多面体簇合物(HAlNH)₁₂及其内含式X@(HAlNH)₁₂和外接式X(HAlNH)₁₂ (X＝F^－, Cl^－, Br^－, O^2－, S^2－, Se^2－)复合物的结构进行了构型优化和能量计算, 并讨论了几何构型、自然键轨道(NBO)、振动频率、能量参数及NMR数据与结构的关系, 最后得到复合物结构的稳定性信息, 具有T_h对称性的X@(HAlNH)₁₂ (X＝F^－, Cl^－, Br^－, S^2－, Se^2－)复合物和具有C₃对称性的O^2－@(HAlNH)₁₂复合物为内含式的基态结构, 从能量角度分析, 内含式复合物比外接式复合物的结构稳定.     

X@(HAlNH)12和X(HAlNH)12 (X＝F－, Cl－, Br－, O2－, S2－, Se2－)复合物的结构和稳定性

用DFT的B3LYP方法在6-31G(d)基组的水平上, 对闭式多面体簇合物(HAlNH)₁₂及其内含式X@(HAlNH)₁₂和外接式X(HAlNH)₁₂ (X＝F^－, Cl^－, Br^－, O^2－, S^2－, Se^2－)复合物的结构进行了构型优化和能量计算, 并讨论了几何构型、自然键轨道(NBO)、振动频率、能量参数及NMR数据与结构的关系, 最后得到复合物结构的稳定性信息, 具有T_h对称性的X@(HAlNH)₁₂ (X＝F^－, Cl^－, Br^－, S^2－, Se^2－)复合物和具有C₃对称性的O^2－@(HAlNH)₁₂复合物为内含式的基态结构, 从能量角度分析, 内含式复合物比外接式复合物的结构稳定.     

内含式复合物X@(HAlNH)12 (X=Be,Mg, Ca,Zn, Al+, Ga+)的结构和稳定性

在研究闭式多面体(HAlNH)12簇合物几何构型及稳定性的基础上, 用DFT的B3LYP方法在6-31G(d)的水平上, 对其内含式复合物X@(HAlNH)12 (X= Be, Mg, Ca, Zn, Al+, Ga+)进行了构型优化和能量计算, 并讨论了稳定结构的几何构型、自然键轨道(NBO)、振动频率、能量参数及NMR数据与结构的关系. 用Gaussian 03的QST3方法确定了客体X通过笼面6-元环的迁移过渡态(TS)结构, 并用IRC方法对所得TS结构进行了验证. 最后得到内含式复合物X@(HAlNH)12结构在热力学和动力学上的稳定性信息, 其中复合物Ga+@(HAlNH)12的结构相对最稳定.     

内含式复合物X@(HAINH)12(X=Be,Mg,Ca,Zn,Al+,Ga+)的结构和稳定性

在研究闭式多面体(HA1NH)12簇合物几何构型及稳定性的基础上,用DFT的B3LYP方法在6-31G(d)的水平上,对其内含式复合物X@(HAINH)12(X=Be,Mg,Ca,Zn,Al ,Ga )进行了构型优化和能量计算,并讨论了稳定结构的几何构型、自然键轨道(NBO)、振动频率、能量参数及NMR数据与结构的关系.用Gaussian 03的QST3方法确定了客体X通过笼面6-元环的迁移过渡态(TS)结构,并用LRC方法对所得TS结构进行了验证.最后得到内含式复合物X@(HA1NH)12结构在热力学和动力学上的稳定性信息,其中复合物Ga @(HAINH)12的结构相对最稳定.     

Density functional study of S(N) 2 substitution reactions for CH(3) Cl + CX(1) X(2•-) (X(1) X(2) = HH, HF, HCl, HBr, HI, FF, ClCl, BrBr, and II)

A systematic investigation on the S_N2 displacement reactions of nine carbene radical anions toward the substrate CH₃Cl has been theoretically carried out using the popular density functional theory functional BHandHLYP level with different basis sets 6‐31+G (d, p)/relativistic effective core potential (RECP), 6‐311++G (d, p)/RECP, and aug‐cc‐pVTZ/RECP. The studied models are CX¹X^2?? + CH₃Cl → X²X¹CH₃C^? + Cl^?, with CX¹X^2?? = CH₂^??, CHF^??, CHCl^??, CHBr^??, CHI^??, CF₂^??, CCl₂^??, CBr₂^??, and CI₂^??. The main results are proposed as follows: (a) Based on natural bond orbital (NBO), proton affinity (PA), and ionization energy (IE) analysis, reactant CH₂^?? should be a strongest base among the anion‐containing species (CX¹X^2??) and so more favorable nucleophile. (b) Regardless of frontside attacking pathway or backside one, the S_N2 reaction starts at an identical precomplex whose formation with no barrier. (c) The back‐S_N2 pathway is much more preferred than the front‐S_N2 one in terms of the energy gaps [ΔE(front)?ΔE(back)], steric demand, NBO population analysis. Thus, the back‐S_N2 reaction was discussed in detail. On the one hand, based on the energy barriers (ΔE and ΔE) analysis, we have strongly affirmed that the stabilization of back attacking transition states (b‐TSs) presents increase in the order: b‐TS‐CI₂ < b‐TS‐CBr₂ < b‐TS‐CCl₂ < b‐TS‐CHI < b‐TS‐CHBr < b‐TS‐CHCl < b‐TS‐CF₂ < b‐TS‐CHF < b‐TS‐CH₂. On the other hand, depended on discussions of the correlations of ΔE with influence factors (PA, IE, bond order, and ΔE), we have explored how and to what extent they affect the reactions. Moreover, we have predicted that the less size of substitution (α‐atom) required for the gas‐phase reaction with α‐nucleophile is related to the α‐effect and estimated that the reaction with the stronger PA nucleophile, holding the lighter substituted atom, corresponds to the greater exothermicity given out from reactants to products. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2012     

(3-叠氮基-2, 2-二硝基)丙基取代硝胺的合成

本文报道了由(2, 2-二硝基-3-羟基)丙基取代硝胺经相应三氟甲基磺酸酯合成(3-叠氮基-2, 2-二硝基)丙基取代硝胺的合成方法。     

(XY)12(X=B,Al;Y=P)团簇的结构与稳定性

采用B3LYP／6031G*方法,对(XY)12(X=B,Al;Y=P)笼状团簇的同分异构体进行优化,筛选出能量最低的构型．讨论它们的几何构型、HOMO-LUMO能隙、生成焓、核独立化学位移(NICS)和自由能．得到(BP)12和(AlP)12团簇的最稳定构型均为具有Th对称性的四、六元环组成的笼,亚稳态结构中含有五元环。     

C70X2(X=H,F, Cl)的稳定性和电子光谱

用INDO方法研究C70H2四种异构体的稳定性, 表明其最稳定异构体为1, 9-C70H2和7, 8-C70H2, 两者能量差为16.3KJ.mol^-^1, 与实验值及ab initio计算值接近; 光谱计算表明, 其特征吸收峰与实验值一致。在此基础上预测C70F2和C70Cl2的稳定性和电子光谱, 表明C70F2四种异构体的稳定性顺序与C70H2一致, 而C70Cl2则以21, 42-异构体最为稳定。二者的电子光谱与C70H2极其相似只是在500nm以上有细微差别。     

C_(80)X_(12)(X=H,F,Cl,Br)的结构和稳定性

为了考察勒烯衍生物结构与稳定性关系,采用密度泛函理论方法对C80X12(X=H,F,Cl,Br)进行了系统计算究.结表明,在C80X12(X=H,F)异构体中,最低能量异构体都违反五元环分离规则.然而,在C80X12(X=Cl,Br)异构体中,最低能量异构体都满足五元环分离规则.由于van der Waals半径较小,H或F加成到碳笼上时外部原子之间排斥作用小,因此在其优结构中,H或F优先加成到2个五元环共用碳原子上.相反,对于氯化、溴化勒烯,为了避免外部加成原子之间在重空间排斥作用,其优结构中Cl或Br优先加成到1,4-位点上.计算结还显,氢化、卤化反应热(C80+6X2→C80X12)遵循如下顺序,即C80F12>C80Cl12>C80H12>C80Br12.这些结表明勒烯衍生物稳定性和衍生化模与加成原子尺和电性有关.     

NH2(A~2A1, 090,423)的电子猝灭和转动态-态传能

在束-气和束-束实验条件下,详细研究了NH2(A2A1,090,423)自由基分别与Ar,N2,O2和NH3碰撞引起的电子态猝灭和转动态-态传能,获得了总的猝灭截面σQ(分别为≤0.17、0.26、0.30和0.48 nm2),以及相对转动态-态传能截面.利用碰撞络合物模型计算的电子猝灭截面与实验测得的截面具有基本相同的趋势,表明长程吸引势在猝灭过程中起着重要的作用.同时还发现,转动态-态传能中相对截面随着碰撞对的折合质量的减小而下降.由于NH3具有较大的偶极矩以及O2的开壳层电子结构使得猝灭截面增大,而转动态-态传能截面减小.     

Polymorphs and aurophilic interactions in colorless crystals of Au2(μ-1,2 bis-(diphenylarsino)ethane)X2, (X = Cl, Br, I)

Solutions containing the components Au(+), dpae (dpae is 1,2 bis-(diphenylarsino)ethane), and X(-) (X is Cl, Br, or I) can produce two different types of crystals with the composition Au(2)(μ-dpae)X(2): colorless blocks and colorless needles. Crystallographic studies of these crystals show that they are polymorphs with different structural motifs. In the α-polymorphs, which are isostructural, individual molecules of Au(2)(μ-dpae)X(2) form discrete dimers through two identical Au···Au contacts. In the β-polymorphs, which each have unique crystallographic parameters, the Au(2)(μ-dpae)X(2) molecules assemble into polymeric chains through aurophilic interactions. The Au···Au contacts in the α-polymorph (3.1163(2), 3.1064(3), and 3.0842(2) ? for Cl, Br, I, respectively) are somewhat shorter than those in the β-polymorph (3.1668(3), 3.1042(8), and 3.1046(2) for Cl, Br, I respectively). The systematic study we now report shows an increase in the strength of this aurophilic interaction for the α-form in the series X = Cl < Br < I, which is in good agreement with theoretical studies by Pyykk? and his co-workers.     

Synthesis,Crystal Structure and Fluorescent and Thermal Stability Properties of the Zinc(Ⅱ) Complex [Zn(C_(15)H_(11)O_3)_2(C_(12)H_8N_2)_2]·5H_2O

A new complex has been synthesized with o-methylbenzoyl-benzoic acid(HL) and 1,10-phenanthroline(phen) in the mixture of water and ethanol. It crystallizes in monoclinic, space group C2/c with a = 13.6328(18), b = 17.7876(18), c = 19.998(2), β = 104.720(4)o, C54H48N4O11Zn, Mr = 994.33, V = 4690.2(9)3, Dc = 1.408 g/cm3, Z = 4, F(000) = 2072, μ(MoKα) = 0.59 mm-1, R = 0.0736 and wR = 0.2029. The crystal structure shows that the zinc ions are coordinated with two oxygen atoms from two HL molecules and four nitrogen atoms from two phen molecules, forming distorted octahedral coordination geometry. The fluorescent and thermal stability properties of the complex are studied. The result shows that it has one fluorescent emission band at around 412 nm. In addition, the complex is stable under 210 ℃.     

Gemini表面活性剂C12-2-C12·2Br在气-液界面吸附动力学

吸附动力学;Gemini表面活性剂;扩散系数;吸附能垒     

非金属氧化-还原对MO2/MO2-(M=N,S,Cl)的电子转移反应动力学

以Marcus-Hush电子转移理论为基础,提出了用量子化学密度泛函方法研究自交换和异交换电子转移反应的理论方案.在DFTB3LYP/6-311+G(2D)水平上研究了溶液中NO₂/NO₂^-,SO₂/SO₂^-和ClO₂/ClO₂^-等3个氧化-还原对的自交换以及它们之间的6个交叉电子转移反应的动力学性质,获得了与实验较为一致的结果.     

Spectroscopic, structural, and conformational properties of (Z)-4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(2-hydroxyethylamino)-1-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-2-buten-1-one, C12H12F3NO3: a trifluoromethyl-substituted β-aminoenone

The (Z)-4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(2-hydroxyethylamino)-1-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-2-buten-1-one (C(12)H(12)F(3)NO(3)) compound was thoroughly studied by IR, Raman, UV-visible, and (13)C and (19)F NMR spectroscopies. The solid-state molecular structure was determined by X-ray diffraction methods. It crystallizes in the P2(1)/c space group with a = 12.1420(4) ?, b = 7.8210(3) ?, c = 13.8970(5) ?, β = 116.162(2)°, and Z = 4 molecules per unit cell. The molecule shows a nearly planar molecular skeleton, favored by intramolecular OH···O and NH···O bonds, which are arranged in the lattice as an OH···O bonded polymer coiled around crystallographic 2-fold screw-axes. The three postulated tautomers were evaluated using quantum chemical calculations. The lowest energy tautomer (I) calculated with density functional theory methods agrees with the observed crystal structure. The structural and conformational properties are discussed considering the effect of the intra- and intermolecular hydrogen bond interactions.     

薁X-H(X=CH2, NH, O)键离解能取代基效应的理论研究

本文利用UB3LYP/6-311++g(2df,2p)//UB3LYP/6-31+g(d)方法，首次就对位取代薁系列化合物(Y-C10H8X-H)的X-H(X=CH2, NH, O)键离解能进行了理论研究。结果发现，除了6-取代-2-甲基薁，取代基对薁X-H键离解能的效应与苯大致相同。然而，由于薁结构中固有偶极矩与不同取代基的电子效应相互作用，对位取代的羟基薁和氨基薁的反应常数( )变化非常显著。利用GE/RE和SIE理论方法，研究发现虽然基态效应在决定净取代基效应的大小中起了一定作用，但取代基效应主要来源于自由基效应的影响。     

碰撞能对K(2S)+HF(X1Σ+)→KF(X1Σ+)+H(2S)反应的影响

基于Sayós等构建的基态势能面, 运用准经典轨线方法对原子-分子反应K(²S)+HF(X¹∑⁺)→KF(X¹∑⁺)+ H(²S)的立体动力学性质进行了研究. 计算了该反应的极化微分反应截面、 两矢量k?j'相关分布函数P(θ_r)、 三矢量k?k'?j'相关分布函数P(?_r)和空间分布函数P(θ_r,?_r). 结果表明, 产物KF的转动角动量j′不仅在垂直于反应物相对速度矢量k的方向上有强烈的取向效应, 而且还定向于y轴的负方向, 转动角动量j′敏感地依赖于碰撞能.     

Gemini表面活性剂(12-6-12)和DNA的相互作用

应用紫外光谱、荧光探针、zeta 电位、动态光散射和凝胶电泳等方法探讨了阳离子gemini 表面活性剂C₁₂H₂₅N⁺(CH₃)₂―(CH₂)₆―(CH₃)₂N⁺C₁₂H₂₅·2Br^-(12-6-12)与DNA之间的相互作用. 研究结果表明, 与传统表面活性剂相比, 偶联表面活性剂特殊的分子结构使其与DNA的作用更强烈. DNA引导表面活性剂在其链周围形成类胶束结构, 开始形成类胶束时对应的表面活性剂临界聚集浓度(CAC)比纯表面活性剂临界胶束浓度(CMC)低两个数量级. CAC与DNA的浓度无关, 而与表面活性剂之间的疏水作用以及表面活性剂与DNA之间的静电吸引作用密切相关. Zeta 电位和凝胶电泳结果显示了DNA链所带负电荷逐渐被阳离子表面活性剂中和的过程. 借助原子力显微镜(AFM)成功观察到了松散的线团状DNA, 球状体随机地分散在DNA链上形成类似于串珠的结构、尺寸较大的球形复合物以及其由于吸附多余的表面活性剂重新带正电而被溶解得到的较小DNA/12-6-12聚集体. 圆二色(CD)光谱结果显示, 12-6-12可以诱导DNA的构象发生改变.     

WO_4~(2-)、MoO_4~(2-)在D290大孔阴离子交换树脂相内的传质研究

本文用浅床法通过对WO_4~(2-)/Cl~-、MOO_4~(2-)/Cl~-在D290树脂相内的传质研究,发现(?)—Cl~-与(?)—Cl~-交换扩散常数B及内扩散系数(?)相差20倍左右;所产生的阻滞时间τ_d也前者大约是后者的20倍;对D290树脂的亲合力WO_4~(2-)>Cl~->MoO_4~(2-)。同时发现对树脂的亲合力越强,τ_d值越大,反之越小。同条件下温度升高,τ_d值呈现减小趋势。