物理化学的互动-探究式教学研究——以二组分理想溶液系统的气、液平衡的讲授为例

在二组分理想溶液系统的气、液平衡的教学中运用了互动-探究的教学法,具体教学过程为:制定互动-探究的教学目标;通过设置互动环节,启迪学生深层次学习;通过对比分析,探讨结论,采用互动-探究式教学,能深刻挖掘所学内容在基本概念、基本理论方面的生长点等,取得了非常好的教学效果。     

基于互动反馈教学系统的无机化学课堂教学改革

针对基础无机化学教学存在的普遍问题,在课堂教学中引入互动反馈教学系统。重点从课堂设计、课堂互动模式、课后测试、课程分析总结等4个方面介绍了课堂互动反馈教学系统的具体应用;互动教学模式对无机化学教学的促进作用显著,整个学期平均到课出勤率达到99%,95%以上的学生认为这种互动教学方式能活跃课堂气氛,激发学习兴趣,愿意接受基于课堂投票表决器构建的互动教学模式。     

教学互动——复习课成功的有效保证

通过生动的教学案例,详述了高三复习过程中利用板书、化学实验、习题讲评3种渠道实现教学互动的具体举措,提出教学互动是新课程背景下复习课成功的有效保证。     

多维互动教学模式在无机化学教学中的应用

结合教学实践,探索了化学课程教学中实施多维互动教学模式的必要性及其实现过程、原则和意义。实践表明多维互动教学模式能有效地提高教学质量,是培养创新型、复合型人才的有效途径。     

化学课堂教学互动非本真的表现及对策

化学课堂教学本真的互动应该是在新课程改革的理念下,扎扎实实从学生的实际出发,让课堂活起来、让学生动起来,让课堂融入智慧和思考,让课堂充满生机和活力。是一种"唤醒"、一种"体验"、一种"视界融合"、一种"对话文化"。但是,在现实的化学课堂教学实践中,由于种种原因,仍然有些教师滥用、乱用互动教学,从而使教学互动被异化并走进了误区,越来越背离新课程教学互动的本义和真义,出现了非本真的现象,影响了新课程改革的贯彻和落实。     

有机化学教学中应注重师生有效互动

结合近年来开展有机化学本科教学的经验和体会,提出了在教学活动中开展师生之间有效互动的必要性。对实际教学过程中的课前互动、课堂互动和课后互动的几种情况进行了分析,并对面对面互动和在线互动的效果进行了比较。实践表明,每一种师生互动的形式都有其自身优点和固有缺陷,只有将其结合起来综合利用,开展混合式互动的教学模式,才能最大程度地实现教学相长的目的。在有机化学教学活动中,高效的师生互动有助于学生培养有机化学的思维方法,增强其独立思考和解决问题的能力,为将来成为创新性的有机化学人才打下坚实的基础。     

基于互动和合作学习的无机化学教学模式

在分析无机化学课堂教学现状和采纳学生建议的基础上提出了构建互动和合作学习的无机化学教学模式。着重介绍了"分组互动、读书报告会、尝试讲课和评判纠错"互动和合作学习的过程。教学实践表明,这种互动和合作学习正是学生需要和喜欢的无机化学教学模式。     

“探究互动”教学模式提高学生多元智能的实证研究

运用建构主义理论的“探究—互动”教学模式,在化学教学中,从多方面、多角度培养学生多元智能,指导学生运用“智力强项”学习.采用实验研究证明,实验前后学生的学习成绩、学习兴趣、学习注意力、思维能力、互动效果存在显著差异(P＜0.01)；采用“探究—互动”教学模式进行教学,学生的多元智能明显提高.     

有机化学全线上BOPPPS教学模式实践

面对疫情背景下"完全线上教学"的现状,聚焦线上教学互动设计及高质量教学效果达成,我们在四年制药学专业有机化学教学中,基于超星学习通和QQ直播,将BOPPPS教学模式从课堂延伸到课前、课后的学习活动中,形成了具有一定特色的全线上有机化学BOPPPS教学模式,实现了在线教学的有效互动,取得了良好的教学效果。该线上教学方案为后续线上课程教学改革和打造有机化学"金课"奠定了基础。     

初中化学青年教师常态课教学课例研究* ——基于弗兰德斯互动分析系统

弗兰德斯互动分析系统可以量化课堂教学中的语言行为。以初中化学一节常态课为研究课例,基于弗兰德斯互动分析系统,结合教师他评和自评,从教学目标、教学内容、教学过程和教学效果等4方面进行了全面的分析与评价,并根据评价结果,针对教学目标制订、有效提问、科学的课堂语言结构的营造以及实验探究的实施等提出了可行性的有效策略,从而为青年教师通过教学实践来促进个人专业发展提供依据。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.