半哈斯勒化合物XYZ(X=Li,Na, K; Y=Ag,Au; Z=S,Se, Te)拓扑性质的第一性原理研究

利用密度泛函理论和k·p模型方法对半哈斯勒化合物XYZ(X=Li,Na,K;Y=Ag,Au;Z=S,Se,Te)进行了研究．半哈斯勒化合物XYZ可以看作是由Xⁿ⁺离子填充到闪锌矿YZ^n-晶格组成．它们的s态电子形成双重简并Γ₆⁽(2))能带，p-d杂化态形成双重简并Γ₇⁽(2))能带和四重简并Γ₈⁽(4))能带．当s型的Γ₆⁽(2))能带高于Γ₇⁽(2))和Γ₈⁽(4))能带时，化合物为普通绝缘体．然而，当s型Γ₆⁽(2))能带低于Γ₇⁽(2))和Γ₈⁽(4))能带时，化合物是拓扑非平庸绝缘体(如NaAuS)或半金属(如NaAuTe)，这还要取决于负或正...     

(GaAs)1(AlAs)1(001)超晶格与闪锌矿结构Ga0.5Al0.5As合金虚晶能带的对应性

基于线性丸盒轨道原子球近似(LMTO-ASA)数值计算,比较(GaAs)₁(AlAs)₁(001)超晶格与闪锌矿结构Ga_0.5Al_0.5As合金虚晶能带本征态,发现它们可以用Ⅲ价和Ⅴ价原子平面的分波态进行统一描述,用这种方法详细分析超晶格与闪锌矿结构合金在布里渊区Γ,M(X)和R(L)诸点主要能带本征态之间的对应关系,讨论了超晶格布里渊区能带折叠对本征态的影响。 关键词：     

NaNO2晶体线性和非线性光学系数的计算

使用从头计算平面波赝势方法,计算了NaNO₂晶体电子能带结构,并使用改进的倍频公式计算了它的线性折射率和静态二级非线性系数,所得到的结果和实验值相符.采用实空间原子切割方法分析了阳离子和阴离子基团对光学性质的贡献.计算表明(NO₂)-基团对双折射率和倍频系数的贡献占主要地位,从而进一步验证了阴离子基团理论的正确性 关键词： 电子结构 非线性光学系数 从头计算方法     

使用基团理论计算KB5O8·4H2O晶体的倍频系数

本文使用基团理论计算KB₅O₈·4HO₂O(简称KB5)晶体的倍频系数,得到d₃₁=2.61×10^-10esu,d₃₂=007×10^-10esu,d₃₃=3.26×10^-10esu,与实验值符合较好。计算结果表明:氢键对KB5晶体的倍频系数有影响。本文还分析了KB5晶体倍频系数小的起因,除去[B₅O₆(OH)₄]^-1基团的微观倍频系数小外,还在于基团的空间排列方式不利,导至最大的微观倍频系数X₁₂₃相互抵消。最后,本文提出了在含四配位硼原子的硼氧化合物中寻找倍频新材料的结构判据。 关键词：     

Na2SbF5晶体倍频系数的理论计算

本文使用阴离子基团理论计算了Na₂SbF₅晶体的倍频系数,得到d₁₂₃=4.48×10^-10esu,与实验值符合较好。计算结果表明,阴离子基团中孤对电子的存在有利于产生大的倍频效应。本文还分析了Na₂SbF₅晶体倍频系数小的原因:尽管(SbF₅)^2-基团存在孤对电子可以对晶体倍频系数有较大贡献,但孤对电子能级的相对位置对其倍频系数有不利影响,从而导致它的倍频系数d₁₂₃较小。 关键词：     

使用CNDO/S型近似方法计算NaNO2晶体的倍频系数

本文使用CNDO/S型近似方法,计算(NO₂)^-1的单电子分子轨道,然后按基团理论的通用计算程序计算NaNO₂晶体的倍频系数,计算值和实验值符合得较好,计算结果明确指出:NaNO₂晶体倍频系数各向异性的原因来自基团的共轭π轨道,另外,本文的计算表明,有可能对非线性光学新材料探索提供计算机的预测。本文还就非线性光学效应的双能级模型作了讨论,并指出了它的局限性。 关键词：     

钙钛矿型晶体的倍频系数和离子位移、能带结构间的关系

1974年作者提出了“非线性光学效应的离子基团理论”^[1]，并据此对钙钛矿型等体系的倍频系数作了理论计算，得到了很好的结果。本文进一步使用作者1981年建议的“晶体倍频系数的平均能带近似计算法”^[2]，从能带理论出发计算了钙钛矿型晶体的倍频系数。计算结果表明：（1）由“平均能带近似法”仍可得到“钙钛矿型晶体倍步效应基团理论”^[1]的几个基本论点，并给出后者的近似等级；（2）充分揭示了SrTiO3、KTaO3晶体电场感应倍频系数χ333^(2ω）／χ311^(2ω)比值的变化与中心B离子的相对位移、能带结构、B－O键离子性之间的关系；（3）通过倍频系数和能带结构关系的研究，有可能把晶体倍频系数作为检验能带结构是否正确的一个新的数据；（4）由本文的计算公式，可以计算出在外电场作用下中心B离子相对于配位体氧原子的位移量△Z，并和外电场作用下的感应自发极化Ps的实验值相一致。     

铁电单晶0.62Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-0.38PbTiO3折射率的研究

用最小偏向角法在20℃下精确测量了0.62Pb(Mg_1/3Nb_2/3)O_{3< /sub>-0.38PbTiO3( 0.62PMN-0.38PT)单晶的折射率，给出了该温度下折射率色散的Sellmeier方程.研究了能带 结构与折射率的关系，计算了样品的Sellmeier光学系数：对no，E0=5.50eV,λ0=0.2 26μm，Ｓ０=1.004×10¹⁴m^-2，Ed=28.1 0eV；对ne，Ｅ0=5.57eV,λ 0=0.223μm，S0=1.017×10¹⁴m^-2，Ed=28.10eV.A BO3型钙钛矿材料中，BO6八面体基元决定了晶体的能带结构，对折 射率产生重要影响. 关键词： PMNT单晶 折射率 Sellmeier光学系数}     

倾转晶体电子衍射图的自动标定

用电子计算机标定倾转晶体电子衍射斑点指数的计算公式如下:[hkl]=[xy0]Γ^(θ)Γ^(ω₀-ω)Γ^(θ₀)P^-1H,其中θ,ω为倾转角,θ₀,ω₀为初始倾转角。一个适合于任意晶系的计算机程序已经编写出来。与极图法比较起来,用计算机标定既简便又迅速。 关键词：     

GaAs和AlAs光学声子形变势的第一性原理研究

本文以冻结声子近似模型,采用空球随原子球位移的冻结势近似的LMTO-ASA计算方案,研究了GaAs和AlAs布里渊区Λ轴的光学声子形变势的计算,得到Γ点和Λ轴光学声子形变势d₀,d₃₀,d₁₀(val)和d₁₀(comd)的第一性原理的计算结果。研究中着重从GaAs和AlAs的Λ轴光学声子形变势随k点的变化趋势,从光学声子形变势在Γ点附近满足的关系,以及从不同计算方法对d₀的计算结果与实验结果的比 关键词：     

Über die thermische Zustandsgieichung in polaren Kristallen

The thermal equation of state is investigated for polar crystals (zinc blende and wurtzite structures). A finite crystal is considered with free charges to compensate the dipole moment of the crystal in equilibrium. The free energy is taken in the quasiharmonic approximation. A simple point-charge model for zinc oxide leads to the thermal expansion coefficients and pyroelectric constants, and to the elastic moduli, piezoelectric moduli and dielectric susceptibilities.     

Polytypism in GaAs nanowires: determination of the interplanar spacing of wurtzite GaAs by X‐ray diffraction

In GaAs nanowires grown along the cubic [111]_c direction, zinc blende and wurtzite arrangements have been observed in their stacking sequence, since the energetic barriers for nucleation are typically of similar order of magnitude. It is known that the interplanar spacing of the (111)_c Ga (or As) planes in the zinc blende polytype varies slightly from the wurtzite polytype. However, different values have been reported in the literature. Here, the ratio of the interplanar spacing of these polytypes is extracted based on X‐ray diffraction measurements for thin GaAs nanowires with a mean diameter of 18–25 nm. The measurements are performed with a nano‐focused beam which facilitates the separation of the scattering of nanowires and of parasitic growth. The interplanar spacing of the (111)_c Ga (or As) planes in the wurtzite arrangement in GaAs nanowires is observed to be 0.66% ± 0.02% larger than in the zinc blende arrangement.     

GaxAlyIn1-x-yN电子结构的第一原理虚晶近似计算

对Ga_xAl_yIn_1-x-yN四元合金材料进行了第一原理的虚晶近似计算.分别计算了在两种不同晶体结构，即纤锌矿结构和闪锌矿结构下的合金电子结构，特别是能隙随混晶比(x,y)的变化.得出了纤锌矿结构下能隙E_g和组分(x,y)的关系式. 关键词：     

Full piezoelectric tensors of wurtzite and zinc blende ZnO and ZnS by first-principles calculations

The complete piezoelectric tensors of both the wurtzite and zinc blende polymorphs of ZnO and ZnS have been computed by ab initio periodic linear combination of atomic orbitals (LCAO) methods, based mainly on the Hartree-Fock Hamiltonian, with an all-electron Gaussian-type basis set. The computational scheme was based on the Berry phases theory, yielding directly the proper piezoelectric stress coefficients e_ik=(∂P_i/∂ε_k)_E; also the strain coefficients d_ik=(∂ε_k/∂E_i)_τ were obtained, by intermediate calculation of the full elasticity tensors of all four crystals. In particular, the e₁₅ wurtzite shear constants were included for the first time in such calculations. A careful study of the clamped-ion and internal-strain piezoelectric components shows that the latter ones are well simulated by classical point-charge calculations including quantum-mechanical structural relaxation. The much larger piezoelectric response of ZnO with respect to ZnS is explained by analysing signs and ratios of the respective clamped-ion and internal-strain components.     

Optical absorption and electron spin resonance of Co2+ in cubic,hexagonal and 4H polytype zinc sulfide

Electron spin resonance and optical absorption measurements are reported for Co²⁺ in structurally pure single crystals of cubic, hexagonal, and 4H polytype ZnS. Co²⁺ spectra corresponding to the four different cation sites expected for these structures were observed, i.e. a cubic center from zinc blende, an axial center from wurtzite, and two different axial centers from the 4H polytype host. The energy of the optical ⁴A₂-⁴T₂ transition and the spin Hamiltonian parameters show characteristic differences for these four centers, which are discussed.     

Structural,electronic and optical properties of CdxZn1 − xS alloys from first-principles calculations

Structural, electronic and optical properties as well as structural phase transitions of ternary alloy Cd_xZn_1 − xS have been investigated using the first-principles calculations based on the density functional theory. We found that the crystal structure of Cd_xZn_1 − xS alloys transforms from wurtzite to zinc blende as Cd content of x=0.83$x=0.83$. Effect of Cd content on electronic structures of Cd_xZn_1 − xS alloys has been studied. The bandgaps of Cd_xZn_1 − xS alloys with wurtzite and zinc blende structures decrease with the increase of Cd content. Furthermore, dielectric constant and absorption coefficient also have been discussed in detail.     

FP-LMTO investigations of mechanical stability and high pressure of platinum nitride compounds

We report local density functional calculations using the full potential linear muffin-tin orbital (FP-LMTO) method for binary platinum nitride (PtN), in five different crystal structures, the rock salt (B1), zinc-blende (B3), wurtzite (B4), nickel arsenide (B8), and PbS (B10) phases. The ground state properties such as the equilibrium lattice constant, elastic constants, the bulk modulus and its pressure derivative of PtN in these phases are determined and compared with the other available experimental and theoretical works.Our calculations confirm in the B3 structure that PtN is found to be mechanically stable with a large bulk modulus B=232.45 GPa and at a sufficiently high pressure the B8₁ structure would be favoured.The theoretical transition pressure from zinc blende (B3) to NiAs (B8₁), zinc-blende (B3) to rock-salt (B1) and zinc-blende (B3) to PbO (B10) is determined to be 9.10 GPa, 9.85 GPa and 69.35 GPa, respectively. Our calculation shows also in five different structures for PtN a high bulk modulus is a good indicator of a hard material.     

Über die thermische Zustandsgieichung in polaren Kristallen

The thermal equation of state is investigated for polar crystals (zinc blende and wurtzite structures). As a model, a finite diatomic linear chain is considered with surface charges to compensate the dipole moment of the chain. Within the quasiharmonic approximation for the free energy the electro-mechanical constants are evaluated up to third order.     

纳米硫化锌球壳的高压相变研究

 采用同步辐射能量色散X射线衍射（EDEX）技术和金刚石对顶砧高压装置,对纳米硫化锌球壳进行了原位高压X射线衍射实验。最高压力达33.3 GPa。常压下纳米硫化锌球壳为纤锌矿结构和闪锌矿结构共存的混相结构。压力达到11.2 GPa时,纳米硫化锌空心球中的纤锌矿结构全部转变为闪锌矿结构。压力达到16.0 GPa时,发生了由闪锌矿结构向岩盐矿结构的相变,在17.5 GPa和21.0 GPa时分别出现未知峰,33.3 GPa时基本完全转变为岩盐矿结构。两个相变均为可逆相变。     

Mechanisms of martensitic transformations in boron nitride and conditions of their development

Abstract

The dependence of the pressure threshold of martensitic transformations on the disordering degree of starting structures is considered for graphite-like BN into diamond-like BN modifications transitions. The effect of loading conditions on transformation mechanisms of rhombohedral BN into zinc blende or wurtzite modifications is analyzed also. Analytical relations obtained allow to explain the experimental data and to predict a behavior of various graphite-like structures under different p, T conditions.