Born-Infeld电动力学的U1主丛表述

本文给出了Born-Infeld电动力学的U₁主丛表述,以及检验粒子在Born-Infeld电磁场中的运动方程,检验粒子受到两个力,一个相当于Lorentz力,一个相当于Poincaré压力。     

Born-Infeld电动力学的U_1主丛表述

本文给出了Born-Infeld电动力学的U_1主丛表述,以及检验粒子在Born-Infeld电磁场中的运动方程,检验粒子受到两个力,一个相当于Lorentz力,一个相当于Poincare压力。     

大变形核中对力对内部激发的影响

本文提出了一个处理原子核中nn及pp对力的近似方法。这个方法避免了通常将BCS-Боголюбов方法应用于原子核所引起的困难,例如粒子数不守恒,假态的出现以及不同激发态波函数不正交等。但这个方法只有在所需考虑的粒子数n及能级数Ω不太大时(n≤10,Ω≤10)才能较方便地被应用,近似程度才比较好。在这个方法中,毋须引入准粒子的概念,激发的多体性质被明显地表示出来。系统的激发可分为两大类型。第一类型激发是一种以多体系为背景的单粒子跃迁,相应于一个准粒子的跃迁α_v⁺α_v,或两个准粒子的激发α_v⁺β_v′⁺,α_v⁺α_v′⁺(v≠v′)。第二类型激发是对激发,在这种激发中,各能级上共轭粒子对的填充几率改变了,相应于共轭的准粒子对的激发α_v⁺β_v⁺,α_v⁺β_v⁺α_μ⁺β_μ⁺,….本文还考察了对力在r及β跃迁中的影响。在β跃迁中,对力一般是使跃迁受阻。在r跃迁中,对力的效应随初末态间的相对激发类型不同而异,如相对激发属于第一类型,则跃迁受阻,受阻程度随跃迁的电磁性质不同而有所差别,如相对跃迁属于第二类型,则在无对力作用时跃迁是禁戒的,在对力作用下也只有由电荷电流所产生的电跃迁是允许的。最后本文以Hf¹⁷⁸为例,应用上述方法,初步分析了对力对偶偶核的内部激发能谱及β衰变的影响。     

粒子-转子模型和推转壳模型中的能谱统计分析

用粒子–转子模型和推转壳模型研究了6个粒子分别填充在单j壳和双j壳上的混沌行为.分析了单j壳和双j壳情况下能谱的最近邻能级间距分布和谱刚度随自旋及推转频率的变化,结果表明,当组态空间大小不变时,系统在双j壳(g_7/2+d_5/2)情况下比在单j壳(i_13/2)情况下更规则,而当组态空间从单j壳(i_13/2)扩大到双j壳(i_13/2+g_9/2)时,系统的混沌程度变化不大.同时比较了将6个粒子的两体相互作用分别取为δ力和对力时的系统的混沌行为     

相干和非相干合成光束对金属瑞利粒子的光学俘获

研究了两光束的合成方式(相干和非相干合成)对俘获金属瑞利粒子的辐射力和稳定性的影响,着重研究了辐射力与合成方式、离轴距离、相干参数和粒子半径的关系.结果表明,不同合成方式下,离轴距离和相干参数都分别存在临界值d_c和α_c,在0d_c或α>α_c时,焦面处光强呈中心凹陷分布,此时横向梯度力不能作为回复力俘获金属瑞利粒子.在0<d≤d_c时,与非相干合成光束比较,相干合成光束在焦面处光强、辐射力、俘获刚性和纵向俘获范围更大.因此,适当选择合成方式,较小离轴距离和较低相干参数可有利于合成光束对金属瑞利粒子的俘获.     

带凹槽的微通道中液滴运动数值模拟

运用改进的耗散粒子动力学方法模拟了液滴在由凹槽所构成的粗糙表面微通道内的运动行为.改进的耗散粒子动力学方法采用新近提出的一种短程排斥、长程吸引相互作用势能函数,从而可以模拟带有自由面的流体,如液滴等.模拟了新势能函数下液滴与固体壁面的静态接触角,并用2次多项式拟合了"接触角-a_wf/a_f"变化曲线.研究了液滴在带凹槽的微通道中运动时,微通道壁面浸润性、外场力、液滴温度对液滴流动特性的影响.研究表明壁面浸润性和外场力对液滴流动特性的影响较大,液滴温度对液滴流动特性的影响较小.研究结果对运用耗散粒子动力学方法模拟并分析微流体在复杂微通道的流动有一定的参考价值.     

用Technicolor理论研究稀有辐射衰变Bc→Dsγ

在一代Technicolor(TCI)和带有一个无质量的标量二重态(TCⅡ)模型下,计算荷电的哥尔斯通粒子对衰变B_c→D_sγ的贡献,并把它们同标准模型的计算相比较,发现哥尔斯通粒子对电磁企鹅图的贡献很大(TCI下),在TCⅡ下贡献较小;而对弱湮没图的贡献可以忽略不计,还对同位旋三重态粒子π+p的质量进行了约束. 预言将来在LHC上能对不同模型下的分支比Br(B_c→D_sγ)的差异进行研究,进而对不同的模型进行检验.     

一个具有等间隔能谱的费米系统

本文提出了一个N个费米子的模型系统,在这个系统中,每个粒子有三个自由度(角度θ,φ和自旋),退化的组态所包含的粒子轨道角动量为ι₀,ι₀-2,…,0(ι₀偶)或1(ι₀奇)的状态,一共2sunfrom(0(或1))toι₀ (2ι+1)=Ω个。在粒子之间存在着δ型相互作用。本文求解了模型系统的本征解,讨论了解的特点及其物理形象,并与原子核的情况作了一些初步的比较。结果发现,在定性上,模型系统的特点与等间隔谱的原子核的特点相似。     

ω粒子的辐射衰变

本文由质量的解析延拓得到ω→π+r过程的色散关系,讨论了某些有关不稳定粒子色散关系的问题。在一些简化假设下得到W_ω→π+r/W_ω→3π≈0.35。在η粒子与ω粒子量子数相同的情形下得到W_η→π+r/W_η→3π≈25,在计算中包含了三个π介子成对作用的效应。     

不同粒径纳米Y2Ba4CuBiOy 相掺杂对TSIG法单畴YBCO超导块材性能的影响

本文采用顶部籽晶熔渗方法(TSIG), 研究了不同粒径纳米Y₂Ba₄CuBiO_y粒子对单畴YBCO超导块材的生长形貌、微观结构及其磁悬浮力的影响.实验所用纳米Y₂Ba₄CuBiO_y粉体的平均粒度分别为283.0 nm, 170.4 nm以及82.5 nm, 每种粉体在YBCO超导块材中的含量均为2 wt%. 研究结果表明: 在掺杂量为2 wt%的情况下, Y₂Ba₄CuBiO_y粉体的粒度并不影响样品的宏观形貌, 均可制备出单畴YBCO块材; 并且成功地将纳米Y₂Ba₄CuBiO_y粒子引入单畴YBCO块材中, 且使其均匀分布, 但样品中的Y₂Ba₄CuBiO_y粒子均小于其初始粉体的粒度, 分别减小到270 nm, 150 nm和50 nm; 随着Y₂Ba₄CuBiO_y粉体初始粒度的减小, 样品的磁悬浮力逐渐增大, 分别为10 N, 17 N, 22 N. 该结果为进一步研究纳米磁通钉扎中心的引入方法及提高YBCO超导块材的性能有重大意义.     

Born-Infeld axion-dilaton electrodynamics and electromagnetic confinement

A generalization of Born-Infeld non-linear vacuum electrodynamics involving axion and dilaton fields is constructed with couplings dictated by electromagnetic duality and SL(2,R) symmetries in the weak field limit. Besides the Newtonian gravitational constant the model contains a single fundamental coupling parameter b₀. In the absence of axion and dilaton interactions it reduces in the limit b₀?∞ to Maxwell?s linear vacuum theory while for finite b₀ it reduces to the original Born-Infeld model. The spherically symmetric static sector of the theory is explored in a flat background spacetime in the Jordan frame where numerical evidence suggests the existence of axion-dilaton bound states possessing confined electric flux.     

Born-Infeld Kinematics

We encode dynamical symmetries of Born-Infeld theory in a geometry on the tangent bundle of generally curved spacetime manifolds. The resulting covariant formulation of a maximal acceleration extension of special and general relativity is put to use in the discussion of particular point particle dynamics and the transition to a first quantized theory.     

Dirac quasinormal modes of Born-Infeld black hole spacetimes

Quasinormal modes (QNMs) for massless and massive Dirac perturbations of Born-Infeld black holes (BHs) in higher dimensions are investigated. Solving the corresponding master equation in accordance with hypergeometric functions and the QNMs are evaluated. We discuss the relationships between QNM frequencies and spacetime dimensions. Meanwhile, we also discuss the stability of the Born-Infeld BH by calculating the temporal evolution of the perturbation field. Both the perturbation frequencies and the decay rate increase with increasing dimension of spacetime n. This shows that the Born-Infeld BHs become more and more unstable at higher dimensions. Furthermore, the traditional finite difference method is improved, so that it can be used to calculate the massive Dirac field. We also elucidate the dynamic evolution of Born-Infeld BHs in a massive Dirac field. Because the number of extra dimensions is related to the string scale, there is a relationship between the spacetime dimension n and the properties of Born-Infeld BHs that might be advantageous for the development of extra-dimensional brane worlds and string theory.     

Cosmology in Eddington-Inspired Gravity

In this paper, we study the cosmological evolution of the universe filled with the perfect fluid in the Eddington-inspired Born-Infeld gravity, proposed recently by Banados and Ferreira. Applying a method in which the evolution of the scale factor is regarded as that of a particle moving in a potential, we show all possible cases of cosmological evolution.     

Cosmology in Eddington-Inspired Gravity

In this paper, we study the cosmological evolution of the universe filled with the perfect fluid in the Eddington-inspired Born-Infeld gravity, proposed recently by Banados and Ferreira. Applying a method in which the evolution of the scale factor is regarded as that of a particle moving in a potential, we show all possible cases of cosmological evolution.     

Approximate Born-Infeld effects on the relativistic hydrogen spectrum

The Born-Infeld form of the hydrogen atom has a spectrum that can be used to determine the physical viability of the theory, and place an experimentally relevant bound on the single parameter found in it. We compute this spectrum using the relativistic Dirac equation, and a form of the Born-Infeld potential that approximates the self-field corrections of the electron. Using these together, we can establish that if the Born-Infeld nonlinear electrodynamics is to be physically relevant, it must contain a fundamental constant that is well below the original value proposed by Born. This work extends the original Schrödinger spectrum from Carley and Kiessling (2006) [1] for the self-field correction, and shows that using the Dirac equation introduces minor corrections - but also gives access to a range for the fundamental constant that is below that attainable from non-relativistic considerations.     

Holographic Insulator/Superconductor Phase Transition in Born-Infeld Electrodynamics

We study holographic insulator/superconductor phase transition in the framework of Born-Infeld electrodynamics both numerically and analytically. First we numerically study the effects of the Born-Infeld electrodynamics on the phase transition, find that when the Born-Infeld parameter increases, the critical chemical potential keeps invariant but the gap frequency becomes larger. Then we employ the variational method for the Sturm-Liouville eigenvalue problem to study the phase transition analytically. The analytical results obtained are found to be consistent with the numerical results.     

Testing Born-Infeld electrodynamics in waveguides

Waveguides can be employed to test nonlinear effects in electrodynamics. We solve Born-Infeld equations for TE waves in a rectangular waveguide. We show that the energy velocity acquires a dependence on the amplitude, and harmonic components appear as a consequence of the nonlinear behavior.     

Three dimensional black hole coupled to the Born-Infeld electrodynamics

A nonlinear charged version of the (2+1)-anti de Sitter black hole solution is derived. The source to the Einstein equations is a Born-Infeld electromagnetic field, which in the weak field limit becomes the (2+1)-Maxwell field. The obtained Einstein-Born-Infeld solution for certain range of the parameters (mass, charge, cosmological and the Born-Infeld constants) represent a static circularly symmetric black hole. Although the covariant metric components and the electric field do not exhibit a singular behavior at r=0 the curvature invariants are singular at that point.