用拉曼光谱研究多孔硅的光发射机制

用拉曼光谱研究多孔硅的光发射机制贾霖，王昕，张树霖（北京大学物理系北京１０００８０）李经建，陈泳，刘忠范，蔡生民（北京大学化学系北京１００８７１）沈电洪（中国科学院物理所北京１００８７１）ＴｈｅＳｔｕｄｙｏｆＴｈｅＬｉｇｈｔ－ｅｍｉｔｔｉｎｇＭｅｃｈ...     

缅怀周培源老师

缅怀周培源老师彭桓武，何泽慧（中国科学院理论物理研究所，北京１０００８０）（中国科高能高能物理研究所，北京１０００３９）王大珩（中国科学院空间科学与应用研究中心，北京１０００８０）３０年代上半期，我们在清华大学物理系学习，周先生是教我们力学的启蒙老师...     

共用天线电视系统中的几个物理问题

共用天线电视系统中的几个物理问题马宗廉张延生郭卫刘筑闻蔺利峰（首都医科大学北京１０００５４）于韶光（北京电子报社北京１００００５）（收稿日期：１９９６０７２９）共用天线电视系统，其英文名称是ＣｏｍｍｕｎｉｔｙＡｎｔｅｎｎａＴｅｌｅｖｉｓｉｏｎ故...     

自发有序Ga_（0．5）In_（0．5）P合金的拉曼光谱研究

自发有序Ｇａ＿（０．５）Ｉｎ＿（０．５）Ｐ合金的拉曼光谱研究李国华，刘振先，韩和相，汪兆平，董建荣（中国科学院半导体研究所，半导体扭晶格国家重点实验室北京１０００８３）（中国科学院半导体研究所，半导体材料科学实验室北京１０００８３））ＲａｍａｎＳｃａ...     

邮票上的光学史

邮票上的光学史Ｆ．Ａ．米勒（美）（匹兹堡大学化学系，美国宾夕法尼亚州，匹兹堡１５２６０）吕荣先译（北京燕山石油化工公司研究院，北京市房山区凤凰亭路９号，１０２５４９）张延安校（核工业北京地质研究院，北京市７６４信箱，１０００２９）潘振绪复校（机械工业...     

Raman散射张量(作为统一张量)元的选择定则

Ｒａｍａｎ散射张量（作为统一张量）元的选择定则郝伟廖理几金泽宸＊刘凤艳（北京工业大学应用物理系北京１０００２２）（＊中国农业大学基础科技学院北京１０００９４）ＳｅｌｅｃｔｉｏｎＲｕｌｅｓｆｏｒＲａｍａｎＳｃａｔｅｒｉｎｇＴｅｎｓｏｒａｓＵｎｉｆｉｅｄ...     

固态六羰基钼的FT-拉曼光谱研究

固态六羰基钼的ＦＴ┐拉曼光谱研究李淑玲（地矿部岩矿技术研究所北京１０００３７）任玲（北京理工大学化学与材料学院北京１０００８１）ＦＴ┐ＲａｍａｎＳｐｅｃｔｒａｏｆＳｏｌｉｄＭｏ（ＣＯ）６ＬｉＳｈｕｌｉｎｇ（ＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＲｏｃｋａｎｄＭｉｎｅ...     

北京正负电子对撞机重大改造工程

北京正负电子对撞机重大改造工程（BEPCII）的建设目标是对北京正负电子对撞机（BEPC）和北京谱仪（BES）进行重大改造。BEPCII要在BEPC已有隧道内建设国际先进的双环对撞机,采用多束团、水平大交叉角对撞方式,大幅度提高对撞亮度,并建造新的北京谱仪BESIII,适应BEPCII高计数率运行的要求,并大幅度提高测量精度和粒子识别能力,以满足在粲能区进行精确测量,     

激光拉曼数据采集系统的改进

激光拉曼数据采集系统的改进陈浩刘金全（北京大学物理系北京１００８７１）朱恪刘玉龙（中国科学院物理所北京１０００８０）ＡｂｓｔｒａｃｔＷｉｔｈｔｈｅｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｍｅｎｔｏｆｓｃｉｅｎｃｅａｎｄｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｙ，ｈｏｗｔｏｃｏｎｔｒｏｌｔｈｅｍａｃ...     

BGO晶体的布里渊散射与弹性系数测量

ＢＧＯ晶体的布里渊散射与弹性系数测量刘金全＊陈浩＊刘玉龙（中国科学院物理研究所北京１０００８０）（＊北京大学北京１００８７１）肖季驹（香港城市大学物理及材料科学系）ＥｌａｓｔｉｃＣｏｎｓｔａｎｔｓｏｆＢＧＯｂｙＢｒｉｌｏｕｉｎＳｃａｎｔｅｒｉｎｇＬｉ...     

Cross-phase-modulation-induced instabilities and frequency shifts in a photonic-crystal fiber

Copropagating fundamental-wavelength and second-harmonic femtosecond pulses of Cr: forsterite laser radiation are used to study cross-phase-modulation-induced instabilities and frequency shifts in a photonic-crystal fiber. Parametric instability of the second-harmonic probe pulse induced through cross-phase modulation by the fundamental-wavelength pump pulse gives rise to distinct sidebands in the spectrum of the probe field transmitted through the fiber. The wavelength of these sidebands was tuned in our experiments within approximately 100 nm by varying the peak power and the delay time of the pump pulse, suggesting a convenient way of controlled parametric spectral transformation of ultrashort laser pulses.This revised version was published online in March 2005. In the previous version, the published online date was missing     

Ultra-fast movies of thin-film laser ablation

Ultra-short-pulse laser irradiation of thin molybdenum films from the glass substrate side initiates an intact Mo disk lift off free from thermal effects. For the investigation of the underlying physical effects, ultra-fast pump–probe microscopy is used to produce stop-motion movies of the single-pulse ablation process, initiated by a 660-fs laser pulse. The ultra-fast dynamics in the femtosecond and picosecond ranges are captured by stroboscopic illumination of the sample with an optically delayed probe pulse of 510-fs duration. The nanosecond and microsecond delay ranges of the probe pulse are covered by an electronically triggered 600-ps laser. Thus, the setup enables an observation of general laser ablation processes from the femtosecond delay range up to the final state. A comparison of time- and space-resolved observations of film and glass substrate side irradiation of a 470-nm molybdenum layer reveals the driving mechanisms of the Mo disk lift off initiated by glass-side irradiation. Observations suggest that a phase explosion generates a liquid–gas mixture in the molybdenum/glass interface about 10 ps after the impact of the pump laser pulse. Then, a shock wave and gas expansion cause the molybdenum layer to bulge, while the enclosed liquid–gas mixture cools and condenses at delay times in the 100-ps range. The bulging continues for approximately 20 ns, when an intact Mo disk shears and lifts off at a velocity of above 70 m/s. As a result, the remaining hole is free from thermal effects.     

Control of femtosecond filamentation by field-free revivals of molecular alignment

We show that the filamentation dynamics of a femtosecond laser probe pulse can be readily controlled by properly matching it to the quantum revivals of pre-aligned molecules prepared through impulsive rotational Raman excitation with an advancing ultrashort pump pulse. Several features of the filamentation process including supercontinuum generation, the length of the plasma channel generated in the wake of the filament, the associated secondary radiations and the multiple filamentation pattern are all easily modified by tuning the cross phase modulation induced by the field-free revivals of molecular alignment, through the delay between the pump and the probe pulses. We show that molecular alignment can also be used to generate conical waves with extremely short intensity spike called shocked X-waves and to further tune the frequency of a few-cycle laser pulse in the wake of a self-guided intense filament.     

飞秒时间分辨实验中相关函数和时间零点的确定

结合飞秒激光在研究分子激发态弛豫动力学中的应用,介绍了几种飞秒时间分辨实验中确定泵浦激光脉冲与探测激光脉冲的相关函数和时间零点的方法.对于波长在可见波段的泵浦和探测激光脉冲,我们可以利用非线性光学的技术手段,探测泵浦光与探测光的和频光的强度随二者间的时间延迟的变化来确定相关函数和时间零点;对于波长在紫外甚至更短的波段的泵浦和探测激光脉冲,由于单脉冲能量比较低,目前还很难利用技术手段来测定泵浦激光与探测激光的相关函数及时间零点,可以利用某些原子气体(如Xe)或某些具有短寿命态的分子作平行实验进行间接测量.     

Theoretical analysis on the efficiency of optical-optical double-color double-resonance multiphoton ionization

Analytic formula of the efficiency of optical-optical double-color double-resonance multi-photon ionization （OODR-MPI） is derived from the dynamic rate equation about the interaction of photon and material. Based on this formula, the influence of characteristic of the pump and probe laser on the ionization efficiency of （1＋2＋1） OODR-MPI process is simulated theoretically. It is shown that the pump laser will affect the ionization efficiency by the number control of the molecules excited to the first resonance state. The ionization efficiency is decided by the probe laser directly. Both of the excited molecules and ionization efficiency increase with the intensity and pulse duration of the laser until saturation. It is also found that the longer the delay time of the probe laser to the pump one is, the lower the ionization efficiency would be. The delay time ought to be smaller than the lifetime of the excited molecule in the practical use of the OODR-MPI technique.     

In situ characterization of semiconductor saturable absorber mirrors in an operating Yb:KGW mode-locked laser

We report in situ characterization of a semiconductor saturable absorber mirror (SESAM) in an operating Yb:KGW mode-locked laser. The technique may be described as a pump-probe experiment in which the intracavity beam acts as a pump beam while the output of the same laser is used as a test beam for the SESAM reflectivity. At zero delay, the probe pulse overlaps in time with the subsequent intracavity pulse. The method is an alternative to standard pump-probe measurements in situations where the intracavity parameters such as energy fluence onto the SESAM, pulse length, and center wavelength cannot be achieved simultaneously with available lasers.     

飞秒激光参数对非绝热耦合分子态布居的影响

利用含时波包法研究强飞秒泵浦-探测激光场中激光脉宽、波长和场强对非绝热耦合NaI分子各态布居的影响.波包在势能面上做周期性运动,周期约为1 000 fs.延时为200 fs时,波包第一次到达交叉区域分裂成两部分.波包在交叉区域的分裂情况影响各态布居.脉宽增长,NaI分子的激发概率增大,而解离概率减小.泵浦波长为共振波长318 nm时,激发概率最大.泵浦波长增长,NaI分子的解离概率减小.泵浦场强增大,激发概率增大,但解离概率不变.探测激光波长和场强不影响NaI分子各态布居分布.调节激光场参数可实现对波包运动的控制从而控制态布居的选择性分布.研究结果为实验上实现分子的光控制过程提供参考.     

非等强度,等脉冲相关技术测量甲酚紫染料的吸收恢复时间

利用非等强度、等脉冲相关技术测量甲酚紫染料吸收恢复时间。实验结果给出了甲酚紫染料吸收恢复时间为158ps。     

All-optical logic gates with bacteriorhodopsin

All-optical logic gates with bacteriorhodopsin (bR) protein molecules have been demonstrated based on all-optical switching of a cw probe laser beam by multiple pulsed pump laser beams due to nonlinear intensity-induced excited-state absorption. A cw probe laser beam at 640 nm corresponding to the peak absorption of O-state in the bR photocycle is switched by a pulsed pump laser beam at 570 nm corresponding to the maximum initial B state absorption, at relatively low powers. The switching characteristics have been used to design all-optical NOT and the universal NOR and NAND logic gates and the effect of various parameters such as variation in pump pulse width, pump intensity, lifetime of O state and absorption cross-section of the B state at probe wavelength on the switching characteristics has been analyzed.     

飞秒时间分辨实验中泵浦-探测交叉相关函数的测量和时间零点的确定

飞秒激光技术的出现使得实时探测与跟踪激发态超快弛豫动力学过程成为可能,并能够给出激发态动力学过程清晰的物理图像。而在飞秒时间分辨实验中,泵浦-探测相关函数和时间零点直接影响实验结果的可靠性和准确性。本文结合飞秒激光在分子激发态超快动力学过程中的应用进展,介绍了根据实验条件和要求,在具体实验过程中泵浦-探测相关函数测量和时间零点确定的几种方法。实验中选择可见光作为泵浦光和探测光时,可以通过测定随泵浦-探测时间延迟变化的泵浦激光与探测激光的和频/差频光强来确定泵浦探测交叉相关函数和时间零点;而选择中心波长在紫外甚至真空紫外的激光脉冲作为泵浦光或探测光时,泵浦-探测交叉相关函数通常采用校正的方法测量。