称量滴定法测定亚硝酸盐

采用称量滴定法测定NO2的含量.通过使用KMnO4溶液标准物质及草酸钠纯度标准物质,对样品直接进行氧化还原滴定测量.其测定结果具有溯源性,保证了测量结果的可靠性.该方法具有较高的测量精度,实验结果的RSD小于0.1%.     

熔融法制样X荧光光谱法测定高含量铷矿石中的氧化铷

铷矿石和混合熔剂按照一定的质量比混配好,在熔样机中制备成待分析的样品,混合熔剂由四硼酸锂+偏硼酸锂+氟化锂按照一定比例混合而成,用国家标准物质不同质量的稀释或者添加纯物质的办法制备成一个系列的含不同氧化如的标准系列样片,采用X荧光光谱仪直接测试氧化铷的含量。该分析方法具有检测范围广,从0.01%到5.0%,精密度RSD达到1.50%、国家一级标准准确度高的优点,同时对标准样品的种类要求少,而通过某一标准物质来制备校正曲线也可以克服基体效应的影响。该方法适应于稀有矿石类标准物质数量和种类矿石不多的分析。     

X射线荧光光谱法测定锡矿石中锡

本文采用向样品中加入硼酸来降低基体效应,加入氧化镧来稳定样品总质量吸收系数,建立固体粉末压片制样-X射线荧光光谱法测定锡矿石中锡含量的方法。通过将标准物质按一定比例混合配制和选取部分自制标样来补充标准物质样品,以解决锡矿石标准物质样品缺乏的问题。实验优化了稀释比,确定了以最佳稀释比为m（矿物质样品）:m（硼酸）：m（氧化镧）=1.0:2.0:0.5。在最优的实验条件下,Sn的荧光强度（kcps）与Sn浓度CSn呈良好的线性关系,R2=0.9989。方法中锡元素的最低检出限为0.005 %,测定范围在0.015 %-4.47 %之间。样品的混合均匀性实验表明各元素测定结果的相对标准偏差（RSD,n=6）在1.0 %-2.64 %之间。对3个不同含量段的物质进行测定来验证方法的准确度和精密度,准确度分别为0.0082-0.0367,均小于0.04,精密度分别为0.39 %-1.18 %,均小于8.0 %,准确度和精密度均符合地质样品分析规范要求。测定值均在误差范围内,各组分测定结果的相对标准偏差（RSD,n=11）在1.20 %以下。粉末压片-X射线荧光光谱法测定锡矿石中锡含量具有分析范围广、分析时间短、重现性好、精度高且操作简单等特点。能应用于地质、环境、材料等领域。     

氧化石墨烯/壳聚糖微球吸附-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定地质样品中痕量钽EI北大核心CSCD

建立了氧化石墨烯/壳聚糖微球吸附-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定地质样品中痕量Ta的方法。合成了氧化石墨烯/壳聚糖微球,将其应用于地质样品中痕量Ta的分离富集,采用电感耦合等离子体质谱对富集后的试液进行测定。对氧化石墨烯含量、配体种类和浓度、pH、吸附时间、吸附剂用量等吸附条件和洗脱剂类型、体积、洗脱时间等洗脱条件进行了优化,在优化的条件下,对地质样品标准物质进行测定,Ta的方法检出限为2.0 ng/g,富集倍数为26.7倍。     

电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定水泥用灰岩中的CaO、MgO

采用盐酸-硝酸-氢氟酸-高氯酸分解样品,电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)同时测定水泥用灰岩中的CaO、MgO含量.根据CaO、MgO的性质及含量高低配制了不同的系列标准溶液,确定了元素的最佳分析谱线.CaO、MgO校准曲线的相关系数分别为0.999 9和0.999 5,方法检出限分别为0.009 0%和0.004 0%.对灰岩标准样品进行精密度考察,CaO、MgO测定结果的相对标准偏差(RSD,n=12)分别为0.12%和2.87%.所建方法应用于灰岩标准物质和实际样品的测定,结果与标准物质认定值或实际样品的X-射线荧光光谱分析(XRF)值基本一致.     

猪肉粉中亚硝酸钠标准物质的研制

建立猪肉粉中亚硝酸钠标准物质研制的方法流程,对猪肉粉样品中的亚硝酸钠进行定值,并评价定值的不确定度.选择市售猪肉作为对照物质的基体加工原料,以冷冻干燥方式制备含亚硝酸钠的猪肉粉样品,采用盐酸萘乙二胺法进行处理.用紫外分光光度法测定猪肉粉样品中亚硝酸钠的含量,并对样品均匀性和稳定性进行检验.以8家实验室采用同一检测方法进...     

X射线衍射法快速测定矿产品中的主要物相和主元素含量

采用X射线衍射法(XRD)分析铜精矿、铅精矿、锌精矿和氧化皮中的主要物相,利用TOPAS软件测定矿产品的主要元素含量。铜精矿的主要物相为黄铜矿、黄铁矿和石英,铅精矿主要物相为方铅矿、铅矾和白铅矿,锌精矿主要物相为闪锌矿,氧化皮的主要物相为氧化亚铁、四氧化三铁和三氧化二铁。通过TOPAS软件对XRD图谱进行拟合,测定铜精矿中铜的含量、铅精矿中铅的含量、锌精矿中锌的含量和氧化皮中铁的含量,分析结果与标准法测定结果基本一致。     

芦丁、金丝桃甙、槲皮甙和异槲皮甙的毛细管电泳分离及测定

提出了一种利用毛细管电泳法分离并测定芦丁、金丝桃甙、槲皮甙和异槲皮甙的方法.研究了缓冲溶液pH和浓度、分离电压和进样时间对分离的影响,在优化的条件下,20 min内实现了4种物质的良好分离.方法用于分析模拟样品,得到令人满意的结果,有望用于实际样品分析.     

海洋生物体中稀土元素的微波消解电感耦合等离子体质谱测定研究

建立了微波消解样品处理、电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定海洋生物体中稀土元素的方法.用人发标准参考物质(GBW09101)、植物标准参考物质(GBW07603)以及实际样品标准加入回收的方法对文中所述的分析流程进行确认.实验结果表明,所建立方法的测定结果与标准参考物质的标准值或推荐值一致;样品标准加入实验的回收率在97%～104%之间.方法的定量下限为0.01～0.31 ng·g-1(10σ,n=10,干样).     

稻米及其植株器官、环境土壤中总汞的快速测定

为了快速获得稻米及其植株器官、环境土壤等系列相关样品中总汞的含量,运用直接测汞仪测量了稻米及其植株器官、环境土壤等系列相关样品中总汞含量,建立了一种快速检测稻米及其植株器官、环境土壤中总汞的方法。优化了仪器的各项参数,最佳仪器条件为裂解温度为650℃保持40 s,释放温度900℃;验证了液体或固体标准物质作外标曲线对样品检测结果无影响;考察了方法检出限、精密度、质控标准物质及加标回收等实验,方法检出限为0.13μg/kg,三次测量相对标准偏差(RSD)在0.60%～6.6%,质控标准物质测量值均在标准证书值范围内,加标回收率在90.7%～108%。结果表明,直接测汞仪能够在免化学消解样品的前提下,快速、准确地测量稻米米粒、植株器官、环境土壤等系列相关样品中总汞的含量。特别对汞含量较高的系列样品的检测有显著优势,显著降低汞的记忆效应,大大缩短了获取实验数据的周期。     

Preparation and preliminary certification of two new Polish CRMs for inorganic trace analysis

Preparation and characterization of two new reference materials of biological origin, namely: Tea Leaves (INCT-TL-1) and Mixed Polish Herbs (INCT-MPH-2) is described. The raw materials were ground in an agate ball mill, sieved through a nylon sieve, collecting fraction of particle size: Æ£67 ·m, and carefully homogenized. Preliminary homogeneity testing by XRF method and final checking of homogeneity by NAA after distribution of the materials into containers revealed that they are sufficiently homogeneous at least for sample size ≥100 mg. Both materials were prepared in amounts exceeding 40 kg and certified on the basis of a worldwide interlaboratory comparison, in which 109 laboratories from 19 countries participated. The method of data evaluation leading to assignment of certified values was essentially the same as that used previously in this Laboratory, but supplemented by additional data from the analysis of a CRM which was sent to the participants and analyzed by them along with the candidate reference materials. In addition the results for a few elements by very accurate developed methods in this Laboratory were obtained and used to support the certification process. Analytical uncertainties and stability uncertainties were quantified to arrive at combined uncertainties of the certified values. So far 18 elements in INCT-TL-1 and 21 in INCT-MPH-2 could be certified.     

An acid dissolution procedure for the determination of boron in coal ash and silicates by inductively-coupled plasma emission spectrometry with conventional glass nebulizers

Coal ash and silicates samples are completely resolved by dissolution in nitric and hydrofluoric acids. Boron is retained during a volume-reduction step while most of the silicon is volatilized. Excess of fluoride is complexed by addition of aluminium chloride solution. After dilution, the sample solution does not attack the borosilicate glassware of conventional nebulizers. Boron is determined at the 249.678-nm emission line by inductively-coupled plasma emission spectrometry, with correction for iron interference. The preparation is also useful for determination of some other trace elements, and results are presented for twelve elements in certified reference materials.     

Determination of trace levels of iron in a seawater sample using isotope dilution/inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.

An analytical method for trace levels of iron in a seawater sample using isotope dilution ICP-MS was developed. Preconcentration of iron and the removal of major elements in seawater such as alkali and alkaline-earth elements can be carried out quickly using a chelating resin disk by adjusting the sample pH to 3. The collision cell option of the ICP-MS instrument method was used to improve the performance of the instrument for iron measurements since ArO and ArN interferences could be reduced using this analytical method. About 4 ml min(-1) helium, as the collision gas, were introduced into the cell. 40Ar14N and 40Ar16O which interfere with 54Fe and 56Fe in water had their amounts decreased by 5 orders of magnitude. Then, the isotope dilution method was used for iron determination below ng g(-1) level of trace iron in four environmental reference materials (river water standard sample JAC-0031 (Japan Soc. for Analytical Chemistry), estuarine standard sample SLEW-2 (NRC Canada) and seawater standard samples CASS-3 and NASS-5 (NRC Canada)) were measured. Good agreement between analytical results and certified values of reference materials was obtained, which confirmed the effectiveness of this method.     

Determination of copper, iron, manganese, lead and cadmium in automatically wet-digested animal tissue by graphite-furnace atomic-absorption spectrometry with zeeman background correction

An efficient wet digestion method is described which allows the determination of various elements in animal tissues. Copper, iron, manganese, lead and cadmium in one dilution of the digested sample can be determined by means of graphite-furnace atomic-absorption spectrometry, with Zeeman background correction. Tests with the National Bureau of Standards Bovine Liver SRM as reference gave analytical results, obtained with calibration graphs as well as by the standard-addition method, which agreed well with the certified values.     

Trace determination of iron,cobalt, nickel and copper in zirconium fluoride by substoichiometric radioactivation analysis

Trace amounts of transition elements (Fe, Co, Ni and Cu) in zirconium fluoride and NBS SRM's were determined by substoichiometric radioactivation analysis. The contents of impurities in sublimed sample were less than those of high-purity material and of reagent grade. The detection limits of these elements in zirconium fluoride were 10 ng/g for iron, 0.01 ng/g for cobalt, 1 ng/g for nickel and 0.1 ng/g for copper. The analytical results for iron, cobalt, nickel and copper in NBS SRM's were in good agreement with certified values.     

Application of an on-line preconcentration system in simultaneous ICP-AES

A PC-controlled on-line preconcentration system (TRACECON) developed by Knapp et al. [11], was connected to a JY-70 Plus simultaneous ICP spectrometer to preconcentrate on-line seven trace elements (Cu, Fe, Zn, Cr, Ni, Mn, V) in biological and environmental samples. EDTrA-cellulose was used as column material. The elemental concentrations were determined by simultaneous ICP-AES. The effect of pH of the sample solution on the enrichment was studied. It was found that the recoveries of chromium and iron depend strongly on the pH of the sample solution. All the elements mentioned were recovered quantitatively at pH 4.0±0.1. The flow rates of sample solution and element solution were optimized. The enrichment factors for seven elements at 5 ml loading volume range from 3.9 for Cu to 7.9 for Zn. The detection limits of all seven elements were improved. The accuracy of the method was tested by the analysis of a number of CRMs of NIST, BCR and NIES. Most results are in good agreement with the certified values.On leave from Shanghai Institute of Metallurgy, Academia Sinica, Shanghai 200050, People's Republic of China     

Determination of As and Sb in iron and steel by neutron activation analysis with multiple gamma-ray detection

Recycled steel products demands a new technique for determining tramp elements in steel. In this paper, As and Sb in iron certified reference materials were determined by neutron activation analysis with the multiple gamma-ray detection method. The determined values are in good agreement with certified and reference values. The lower determination limits (LDL) for As and Sb in high purity iron are 0.012 and 0.0025 ppm, respectively. As the demanded LDL for As and Sb is 0.1 ppm, the method described in this work is suitable for determining As and Sb in recycled steel.     

XRF检验标准物质中痕量元素的匀性

本文讨论了用Ｘ射线荧光光谱检验标准物质中痕量元素的均匀性时，可根据峰和背景强度确定能否用ＸＲＦ进行检验，以及相应于一定精度度要求的浓度下限（可检浓度），并以大米和岩石标准物质为例，计算了Ｃ－的可检浓度。还指出，作为均匀性检验量应采用浓度或净强度，尤其是对于痕量元素，最后说明了样品基体对可检浓度和最小样品量的影响。     

New human hair certified reference material for methylmercury and trace elements

A new human hair certified reference material (NIES CRM No. 13) for mercury speciation and trace element analysis was prepared at the National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES), Environmental Agency of Japan. Scalp hair from Japanese males, which is identical with the original material for the previous human hair CRM (NIES CRM No. 5), was used. Special attention was paid to reduce contamination from a grinding vessel during the preparation procedure. A newly-prepared ceramic/Teflon disc mill was used for cryogenic grinding of the hair. 1, 000 bottles (3 g each) were produced after sieving and blending of the hair powder. Certified values for total mercury and methylmercury, as well as other trace elements of toxicological and nutritional significance (antimony, cadmium, copper, lead, selenium, and zinc), were determined based on analyses from extensive collaborations. Reference values for 12 elements (aluminium, arsenic, barium, calcium, cobalt, iron, magnesium, manganese, silver, sodium, sulfur and vanadium) were also given.     

电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定玄武岩中的8种微量元素

采用硝酸-盐酸-氢氟酸高压封闭消解样品,电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定玄武岩中的8种微量元素。实验确定了方法的分解条件以及测定元素的检出限及干扰条件。用国家一级标准物质GBW07105(玄武岩)进行方法验证,检测结果与标准值基本吻合,符合地质矿产开发的要求。