用电子天平测定液体表面张力系数结果的分析

用电子天平测量金属环从水中拉出过程表面张力的变化,对测量结果进行分析修正,明确了用脱环法测定表面张力系数的正确计算公式.     

薄膜系列实验的教学研究

从薄膜制备、生长过程动态分析以及形貌表征3方面设计了薄膜系列实验.用离子束溅射制备金属薄膜,研究了制备条件对溅射速率的影响,测量了薄膜生长过程中电阻的变化,用扫描隧道显微镜或原子力显微镜观测薄膜的表面形貌,并分析不同制备条件得到的薄膜的表面形貌特征.     

驻波的能量分析与MATLAB模拟

分析了驻波能量、能量密度、能流密度在传播过程中的转换规律.用Matlab程序实现了驻波波形、能量密度、能流密度的计算机模拟,形象地展现了驻波传播过程中的能量变化,计算机模拟结果与理论分析所得结果一致.最后得到了在振动过程中驻波能量不断地从波节到波腹间相互转移,而从整体看驻波不传播任何能量的结论.     

静电学中一道题的三种解释

本文用功能关系和坡印亭矢量分析和讨论了电容器并联过程中能量的变化原因.     

磁阻尼多功能演示仪(Ⅱ型)

将磁阻尼演示仪与PASCO力传感器相连,通过计算机采集数据,实现对磁阻尼振动若干物理过程的演示,并且用简化模型分析了阻尼振动的物理过程.     

新型焦电联产系统集成与特性分析

本文针对传统焦炭生产工艺的不足、并应用联产系统整合思路,研究提出新型焦炭动力联产系统.新系统取消了传统炼焦工艺中直接燃用焦炉煤气为炭化室提供炼焦热量的方式,采用外置煤炭燃烧室提供热量,从而实现用低品质煤炭替代高品质焦炉煤气;节省下来的富氢、高热值的焦炉煤气作为燃料提供给联合循环,实现高效洁净发电;改进炼焦过程烟气废热回收方式,使得排烟损失大大降低.分析结果表明,新系统具有优良的热力性能,相对节能率高达15%左右.对系统关键过程的图像(火用)分析分析表明,燃烧过程和换热过程等变革与改进是系统性能提升的关键所在.本文研究将为冶金生产的可持续发展提供新思路与新系统方案.     

热红联用技术在森林火灾烟气测试中的应用

探索了一套基于热重分析仪-红外光谱分析仪联用（热红联用）技术的森林火灾烟气测试方法.该方法在对森林可燃物燃烧的热失重过程进行热重分析的同时,同步地对热解气体成分进行傅里叶红外光谱（FTIR）分析,从而实现了对燃烧过程诸因素的跟踪分析.     

X射线激光在箔靶等离子体中传播过程的解析研究

 对激光辐照箔靶产生的等离子体中X射线激光的传播和放大过程进行了解析的分析。在R.A.London物理模型的基础上, 用解析的方法描述了抛物线型电子密度分布增益纵剖面中X射线激光传播和放大过程的物理实质。指出了用最陡下降法求出的解析解中的误差, 并给出了折射长度的临界值。     

用微元法巧解软绳下落过程的能量损失

很多教科书涉及均质软绳(或者链条)下落或提升的问题.软绳类的问题更具有迷惑性.当求解软绳从桌面掉下等问题时,发现用机械能守恒定律求解和用动量定理求解此问题,得到的结果不一样.文章对这种情况进行了分析,指出软绳下落过程中实际上机械能不守恒,利用微元法严格计算了软绳下落过程中的能量损失,得到其解析表达式.根据能量守恒定律,外力所做的功减去能量损失就是机械能的增量,所得结果与动量定理求解一致.通过具体推导过程澄清了软绳下落过程中的能量损失问题.     

冷动力喷涂法制备钨和钨合金涂层 及其涂层的计算模拟

采用冷动力喷涂法以纯钨和钨-镍-铁合金为原料在铜合金基体上制备了钨涂层和钨-镍-铁涂层. 研究了冷喷涂过程中钨粉粒径、喷涂距离等因素对涂层性能的影响. 用扫描电子显微镜分析了涂层的表面、断面微观结构, 并用原子力显微镜测量了涂层的粗糙度. 此外, 计算了冷喷涂过程中粉末颗粒的实际速度, 并采用有限元分析软件ANSYS/LS-DYNA模拟了冷喷涂过程中颗粒撞击基体时的变形情况.     

相对论重离子碰撞中强子气体膨胀过程的蒙特卡罗研究

利用AMPT蒙特卡罗产生器中的强子化程序模块ART1.0, 得到了强子化过程的演化图形, 并基于强子在不同时刻的空间分布图, 估算出了不同时刻的反应区域半径. 将所得结果与根据HBT关联得到的结果相比较, 定出了冻结为强子气体的时刻, 得到了合理的结果.     

低阻抗强流箍缩电子束二极管的3阶段电子束流模型

 在顺位流模型与“4阶段”粒子流动模型的基础上，提出了一种用于分析100ns／MA级电子束流的低阻抗强箍缩二极管物理过程的理论模式。在这种理论分析模式中，将电子和离子的流动情况随时间的演变过程分成非箍缩电子流、弱箍缩电子流、强箍缩电子流3个不同的阶段，分别结合聚焦流和顺位流模型对各个阶段特性进行估算。利用KARAT PIC数值模拟软件并结合“强光一号”加速器的工作状态，对该类型二极管中电子束的流动过程作了数值模拟，并在“强光一号”加速器上开展了实验研究。数值模拟和实验结果的对比表明，所提出的新的理论分析模式是合理可行的 。     

Anderson Localization, Non-linearity and Stable Genetic Diversity

In many models of genotypic evolution, the vector of genotype populations satisfies a system of linear ordinary differential equations. This system of equations models a competition between differential replication rates (fitness) and mutation. Mutation operates as a generalized diffusion process on genotype space. In the large time asymptotics, the replication term tends to produce a single dominant quasi-species, unless the mutation rate is too high, in which case the asymptotic population becomes de-localized. We introduce a more macroscopic picture of genotypic evolution wherein a random fitness term in the linear model produces features analogous to Anderson localization. When coupled with density dependent non-linearities, which limit the population of any given genotype, we obtain a model whose large time asymptotics display stable genotypic diversity.Research partially supported by DARPA under the FUNBIO program and the Francis J. Carey Term Chair.     

G-SIMS and SMILES: Simulated fragmentation pathways for identification of complex molecules, amino acids and peptides

G-SIMS is a powerful method for the identification of organics and complex molecules at surfaces. We have previously shown that the molecular structure may be reassembled from fragment ions by studying the evolution of G-SIMS intensities as the surface plasma, with effective temperature T_p, is varied, using a method known as G-SIMS-FPM.Here, we develop a novel approach, based on SMILES (Simplified Molecular Input Line Entry Specification), to assist the reassembly process in an automated way through evaluation of the fragmentation pathways for given molecular structures. A computer program takes a parent structure and goes through every possible fragmentation to provide a tree structure of fragmentation products and simulated fragmentation pathways. For any fragment it is then possible to identify the molecular structure, its mass and a pathway to the parent. We find that there is a good correlation with peak evolution in G-SIMS-FPM data and simulated pathways for two amino acids and a simple peptide. This significantly enhances the application of G-SIMS-FPM to unknown materials.     

A Maple Package on Symbolic Computation of Conserved Densities for （1＋l）-Dimensional Nonlinear Evolution Systems

A new algorithm for symbolic computation of polynomial-type conserved densities for nonlinear evolution systems is presented. The algorithm is implemented in Maple. The improved algorithm is more efficient not only in removing the redundant terms of the general form of the conserved densities but also in solving the conserved densities with the associated flux synchronously without using Euler operator. Furthermore, the program conslaw. mpl can be used to determine the preferences for a given parameterized nonlinear evolution systems. The code is tested on several well-known nonlinear evolution equations from the soliton theory.     

Multiscale expansions in discrete world

In this paper, we show the attainability of KdV equation from some types of nonlinear Schrödinger equation by using multiscale expansions discretely. The power of this manageable method is confirmed by applying it to two selected nonlinear Schrödinger evolution equations. This approach can also be applied to other nonlinear discrete evolution equations. All the computations have been made with Maple computer packet program.     

The construction from initial data of spacetimes with nontrivial spatial and bundle topology

We show how to use the 3 + 1 construction program to build globally heperbolic spacetimes with topologically nontrivial Cauchy surfaces. Spacetimes in which the classical fields are sections of a nontrivial bundle are handled as well. In evolving the initial data in these spacetimes, one must work with an atlas of overlapping patches. Data must be transfered from patch to patch during the evolution, so the transition functions on patch intersections must be evolved as well. We describe how to do this. Often the evolution of the Cauchy data is considerably simplified by choosing the coordinate-shift field $\text{M}$ and the gaugeshift field A_↓ to be patch dependent. We give examples of this phenomenon and show how to incorporate the patch dependence of $\text{M}$ and A_↓ into a consistent evolution program for the spacetime.     

Modeling the fission track etching process in apatite: Segmentation or crystallography influence

In this study, two factors which can influence fission track etching in apatite are considered: track segmentation (induced by thermal annealing) and variable radial etching speed (due to the reagent diffusion during the etching process).

During the latent track annealing, two distinguishable steps can be identified by measuring track lengths or diameters. A length reduction is firstly observed, followed by a segmentation process which leads to the emergence of disrupted regions (gaps).

At present time, electron microscopy studies on fission tracks in apatite show profiles which lead to hypotheses of a variable radial etching speed versus depth. These variations can be interpreted in terms of acid diffusion along the track. Moreover, the existence of several bulk etching speeds related to crystallographic orientation is approached.

Taking into account these different points, a software program, integrating parameters as original track orientation and depth, number of gaps, etc., is developed in order to model the track profile evolution during the etching process. Comparison with experiments in Durango apatite (Mexico) are also undertaken.     

Inverse-scattering theory and the density perturbations from inflation

We show how to use inverse-scattering theory as the basis for the inflationary reconstruction program, the goal of which is to gain information about the physics which drives inflation. Inverse-scattering theory provides an effective and well-motivated procedure, having a sound mathematical basis and being of sufficient generality that it can be considered the foundation for a nonparametric reconstruction program. We show how simple properties of the power spectrum translate directly into statements about the evolution of the background geometry during inflation.