共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 343 毫秒
1.
2MeV直线感应加速器注入器系统由电子束产生器和脉冲功率系统组成。电子束产生器包括由感应腔组成的阴极电压叠加器、阳极电压叠加器和真空二极管及束输运系统。脉冲功率系统则包含初级功率源Marx、次级功率源Blumlein线和触发系统,其作用是为感应腔提供一个具有数十纳秒平顶宽度的高压脉冲,激发感应腔在感应腔间隙上获得一个加速电场。在2MeV注入器功率系统中,4个Blumlein线的充气开关是由发散装置的输出触发信号进行导通控制的。通过控制发散输出触发信号到达Blumlein线开关的时间,即可以实现Blumlein线开关在不同时间内触发导通,使Blumlein线依据所设定的时间顺序输出激励脉冲,从而在真空二极管上获得高压脉冲串。由于功率系统采用的是182C结构,即一根Blumlein线驱动两个感应腔,因此最多可以实现四脉冲串列。 相似文献
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在1.0MV Tesla变压器型加速器的运行中,高压脉冲触发源是为高压气体开关的小忒斯拉变压器提供触发能量的单元。让高压气体开关点火并导通,从而让形成线对传输线和二极管放电,产生强电子束流。 相似文献
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研制了一种基于水介质单同轴脉冲形成线型的高功率脉冲调制器,该调制器由初级储能电容器、脉冲变压器、水介质同轴脉冲形成线、氢气主开关和场发射真空二极管等组成。用Pspice电路软件对脉冲形成线的充电电压和二极管电压、电流进行了模拟,并用有限元软件分析了脉冲形成线的电场分布。当初级储能电容器组充电电压为35 kV, 氢气主开关导通电压高达520 kV时,在调制器场发射二极管输出电压约230 kV, 束流30 kA,脉宽约60 ns的高电压脉冲。此外,对主开关充不同类型的气体进行了实验研究,结果表明:氢气主开关的脉冲调制器能够在二极管上获得前沿更陡的高电压脉冲,并能有效地改善二极管电子束的性能。理论分析与实验结果基本一致。此种类型的调制器具有运行稳定、体积小、结构紧凑的特点。 相似文献
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论述了天光一号电子束泵浦KrF准分子激光预放大器电子束产生和传输系统的研制。针对低电压(400kV)和高电流密度(143Acm-2),重点考虑了二极管真空绝缘界面、电极结构、漂移区长度和主膜支撑等问题并介绍了实验结果:二极管电压在450 kV以上仍能稳定工作,电流上升前沿约20ns,电子束总束能4.2kJ以上。只要开关导通时间选在PFL电压峰值附近,Marx 建立时间抖动小于20 ns,对总束能的影响将小于5%。 相似文献
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介绍了自行研制的用于闪光照相且基于感应电压叠加器和阳极杆箍缩二极管的X射线源的组成、结构和主要参数。输出电压3 MV的Marx发生器给阻抗7.8 Ω水介质脉冲形成线充电,产生脉宽约70 ns,电压约1 MV的高功率脉冲,经过峰化开关和预脉冲开关后分成3路馈入三级感应电压叠加器感应腔进行电压叠加,感应电压叠加器次级采用真空绝缘传输线,阻抗从40 Ω变成60 Ω,驱动阳极杆箍缩二极管,二极管阴极为石墨,阳极为直径1.2 mm的钨杆,石墨阴极产生的电子束在电流自磁场作用下发生箍缩,轰击阳极,产生小焦斑脉冲X射线。该装置在Marx充电电压为±35 kV时,二极管电压约2.0 MV,二极管电流约为50 kA,半高宽约80 ns;X射线半高宽约为40 ns,剂量约为28 mGy,焦斑约为0.95 mm。利用该X射线源拍摄到了炸药爆炸产生的层裂碎片不同飞行时间的图像。 相似文献
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介绍了自行研制的用于闪光照相且基于感应电压叠加器和阳极杆箍缩二极管的X射线源的组成、结构和主要参数。输出电压3 MV的Marx发生器给阻抗7.8 Ω水介质脉冲形成线充电,产生脉宽约70 ns,电压约1 MV的高功率脉冲,经过峰化开关和预脉冲开关后分成3路馈入三级感应电压叠加器感应腔进行电压叠加,感应电压叠加器次级采用真空绝缘传输线,阻抗从40 Ω变成60 Ω,驱动阳极杆箍缩二极管,二极管阴极为石墨,阳极为直径1.2 mm的钨杆,石墨阴极产生的电子束在电流自磁场作用下发生箍缩,轰击阳极,产生小焦斑脉冲X射线。该装置在Marx充电电压为±35 kV时,二极管电压约2.0 MV,二极管电流约为50 kA,半高宽约80 ns;X射线半高宽约为40 ns,剂量约为28 mGy,焦斑约为0.95 mm。利用该X射线源拍摄到了炸药爆炸产生的层裂碎片不同飞行时间的图像。 相似文献
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A. M. Boichenko V. F. Tarasenko E. Kh. Baksht A. G. Burachenko M. V. Erofeev A. N. Tkachev 《Technical Physics》2013,58(3):370-374
The influence of the nitrogen pressure on the breakdown voltage in a nonuniform electric field is studied. Voltage pulses with nanosecond and subnanosecond rise times are applied to the gas gap. Simultaneously with the application of voltage pulses, supershort avalanche electron beam pulses are observed behind a foil anode. It is found that, when a runaway electron beam is generated and voltage pulses have a subnano-second rise time, the breakdown voltage rises as the nitrogen pressure decreases from 9 × 104 to 1 × 102 Pa. Experimental data are in good agreement with pulsed breakdown analytical curves. 相似文献
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With a diaphragm placed behind the anode foil, dual runaway electron beams have been provided in helium, hydrogen, nitrogen, and air under a pressure of several torrs to several dozen torrs and a high-voltage pulse amplitude of about 250 kV. These beams consist of two pulses with commensurable amplitudes with a time interval between them of several dozen picoseconds to several hundred picoseconds. It has been shown that the breakdown of the interelectrode gap at pressures from several torrs to several dozen torrs may occur in different regimes and dual pulses of the electron beam current are registered when the initial current through the gap is below 1 kA. It has been found that a supershort avalanche electron beam that consists of one pulse is generated when the delay of breakdown equals several hundred picoseconds. It has been shown that, when the gas pressure reaches several hundred Torr, including atmospheric pressure, the runaway electrons are detected behind the foil after the termination of the supershort avalanche electron beam pulse. 相似文献
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Phelps D. A. Rauch J. E. Korn P. 《IEEE transactions on plasma science. IEEE Nuclear and Plasma Sciences Society》1976,4(4):246-248
Observations of rapid axial oscillations of an intense relativistic electron beam in a magnetic mirror are reported. The mirror field primarily provides radial confinement of the relativistic electrons. The axial confinement was achieved by placing thin aluminized mylar foils at the conjugate mirror field maxima. The region between these foils was filled with a few Torr air to provide a beam induced plasma for charge and current neutralization. The regions outside these foils were maintained at ~10-4 Torr. One foil formed the anode of a space-charge limited relativistic electron diode which launched the beam into the mirror. When the beam passed through the second foil it was no longer charge neutralized. In a manner quite similar to the anode foil oscillations observed by others, a space-charge limited electrostatic well was established which stopped the electrons and re-accelerated them through the foil-thereby reflecting the beam. When the reflected electrons re-entered the diode, they were once again "electrostatically" reflected. This process continued until the oscillating beam was either lost through the "virtual cathodes" outside the foils, dissipated in the drift region or quenched in the diode plasma after gap closure. 相似文献
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E. H. Baksht M. I. Lomaev D. V. Rybka D. A. Sorokin V. F. Tarasenko 《Technical Physics》2008,53(12):1560-1564
The parameters of an electron beam generated in helium in the pressure range p = 10−4−12 atm are studied. Nanosecond high-voltage pulses are applied to a gap between a tubular cathode and planar anode, which
is made of 45-μm-thick AlBe foil. Behind the anode, an electron beam is detected at a helium pressure of 12 atm. The pressure
dependence of the beam current amplitude shows three peaks at p ≈ 0.01, ≈ 0.07, and ≈ 3 atm. The beam-induced glow of a luminescent film placed behind the foil and the discharge glow at
different helium pressures in the gas-filled diode are photographed. 相似文献
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介绍一种用于计算电子束穿透薄层物质后的能谱分布的简单蒙特卡罗模拟方法,并对具可靠性进行了论证。利用这种方法对相对论性电子束泵浦强激光时,具有一定能谱分布的电子束穿透阳极膜,撑条(HIBACHI)及主膜后的能谱变化进行了模拟计算。 相似文献
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E. Kh. Baksht S. Ya. Belomyttsev A. G. Burachenko V. V. Ryzhov V. F. Tarasenko V. A. Shklyaev 《Technical Physics》2012,57(7):998-1002
The electrical breakdown of a gas-filled diode with a highly nonuniform electric field is studied in the case when a 25-kV voltage pulse generates runaway electron beams with time-separated maxima of different duration behind anode foil. Experimental data are analyzed and numerically simulated using the PIC/MC code OOPIC-Pro. It is shown that, in terms of the model used, both beams arise at the cathode but their formation mechanisms differ. The first runaway electron beam no longer than 500 ps is attributed to the ionization mechanism; the second one, which may last several nanoseconds, is due to emission. 相似文献
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E. H. Baksht A. G. Burachenko A. V. Kozyrev I. D. Kostyrya M. I. Lomaev V. K. Petin D. V. Rybka V. F. Tarasenko S. V. Shljakhtun 《Technical Physics》2009,54(1):47-55
The spectra of electrons and X-ray photons generated in nanosecond discharges in air under atmospheric pressure are investigated
theoretically and experimentally. Data for the discharge formation dynamics in a nonuniform electric field are gathered. It
is confirmed that voltage pulses with an amplitude of more than 100 kV and a rise time of 1 ns or less causing breakdown of
an electrode gap with a small-radius cathode generate runaway electrons, which can be divided into three groups in energy
(their energy varies from several kiloelectronvolts to several hundreds of kiloelectronvolts). It is also borne out that the
formation of the space charge is due to electrons appearing in the gap at the cathode and a major contribution to the electron
beam behind the foil comes from electrons of the second group, the maximal energy of which roughly corresponds to the voltage
across the gap during electron beam generation. X-ray radiation from the gas-filled diode results from beam electron slowdown
both in the anode and in the gap. It is shown that the amount of group-3 electrons with an energy above the energy gained
by runaway electrons (in the absence of losses) at a maximal voltage across the gap is much smaller than the amount of group-2
electrons. 相似文献
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通过在强磁场条件下,利用环形刀口石墨阴极(刀口尺寸38~39mm)开展电子束轰击收集极内表面铜箔和垂直轰击金属靶片实验,对无箔二极管中电子束的空间密度分布进行了初步研究,并对其产生原因进行了分析。研究结果表明,电子束径向分布在37.2~40.2mm,存在密度较高区域(38.8~39.4mm)和密度最大值点(39.2mm),且均偏向于阴极外侧。无箔二极管环形阴极爆炸发射产生电子束的径向密度分布可用偏态分布近似。 相似文献