晶体中Pr3+离子4f5d吸收和发射光谱的理论解析

运用配位场理论方法获得了Pr3+离子4f15d1组态的光谱项和光谱支项,根据电偶极跃迁选律合理地解析了CaF2和Cs2NaYCl6晶体中Pr3+离子的真空紫外跃迁光谱,2个主要谱峰被归属为Pr3+离子的基态与4f15d1组态3 H4和3 G3之间的跃迁,这对于研究稀土离子的真空紫外光谱具有一定的理论指导作用.     

LiYF4晶体中Ho3+离子真空紫外吸收光谱的理论解析

运用配位场理论方法获得了Ho3+离子低自旋4f95d组态的谱项和J-光谱多重态,根据电偶极跃迁选律合理地解析了LiYF4晶体中Ho3+离子在真空紫外区(120～160 nm)的吸收光谱,4个主要的吸收峰分别被归属为从基态(5I8)到Ho3+离子的低自旋4f95d组态的自旋允许跃迁。     

Tb3+离子4f75d组态能级的电子云扩大效应

研究了电子云扩大效应对Tb3+离子5d能级的影响. 利用光谱理论, 将电子云扩大效应比率β同Tb3+离子4f75d组态的自旋允许和禁阻跃迁能级的能级差联系起来, 通过复杂晶体化学键理论确定了化学键的共价性、 相应键体积极化率以及配体离子的有效电荷与β的线性关系, 同时得到了对β有影响并与Tb3+离子自身相关的因子.     

NaF晶体中电荷补偿掺杂Ce^3＋离子光谱性质的从头算

用从头算研究NaF晶体中Ce^3＋占据Na＋格位时的光谱性质,电荷补偿由占据格位第一配位壳层的两个氟原子被氧取代 （OF＇） 或第二配位壳层的两个Na空位（Na＇） 来提供. 首先采用基于DFT的超单胞模型方法优化了Ce^3＋的局域结构,并构造以Ce为中心的镶嵌团簇,对其进行基于波函数理论的CASSCF/CASPT2/RASSI-SO计算,获得Ce^3＋的4f1和5d1组态分裂能级能量. 通过将4f→5d跃迁能量计算值与低温实验激发光谱比较,发现实验观测到的最低4f→5d跃迁谱带（390 nm）来自于两个最近邻OF＇补偿的Ce^3＋离子,并不是文献中的两个次近邻VNa＇ 补偿的Ce^3＋. 最后从5d1组态能级重心位移和晶场分裂两方面分析了由两个最近邻OF＇取代造成最低4f→5d 跃迁红移约8000 cm-1的原因.     

LnBaB9O16:Pr3+(Ln = La, Y)中Pr3+的双光子发射

在216nm紫外光激发下,LaBaB9O16:Pr3+中的Pr3+离子可以发生双光子发射;稀土离子在LaBaB9O16中处于非中心对称格位,Pr3+离子的4f5d能态高于1S0能级,可以发生从1S0能级到中间能态及基态的双光子跃迁发射;LaBaB9O16中与稀土离子近邻的硼酸根离子为BO4,相应的B-O振动频率较低,3P0与1D2之间的无辐射跃迁几率比较小,可以出现从3P0能级的发射.在YBaB9O16中,Pr3+的4f5d能态低于1S0能级,不能发生双光子发射.     

LnBaB_9O_(16)︰Pr~(3+)(Ln=La,Y)中Pr~(3+)的双光子发射

在216 nm 紫外光激发下, LaBaB9O16︰Pr3+中的Pr3+离子可以发生双光子发射; 稀土离子在LaBaB9O16中处于非中心对称格位, Pr3+ 离子的4f5d能态高于1S0能级, 可以发生从1S0能级到中间能态及基态的双光子跃迁发射; LaBaB9O16中与稀土离子近邻的硼酸根离子为BO4, 相应的B-O振动频率较低, 3P0与1D2之间的无辐射跃迁几率比较小, 可以出现从3P0能级的发射. 在YBaB9O16中, Pr3+ 的4f5d能态低于1S0能级, 不能发生双光子发射.     

固态Nd化合物f-f跃迁的光声光谱研究

通过光声光谱对固态 Nd化合物的 f -f跃迁进行了研究。根据 Nd F3、Nd(sal) 3· H2 O和 Nd(sal) 3(phen) 2 的谱峰位置 ,计算了它们的电子云重排参数β、键合参数 b1/2 和 Sinha共价参数δ,表明三元配合物中钕离子形成键的共价程度最高 ,而 Nd F3中键的共价性最弱。通过光声支量表征了不同化合物中 Nd3+ 的 f -f跃迁光声强度的变化 ,证实了随着键的共价程度增加和配位数的增大 ,超灵敏跃迁强度显著增大     

SrAl12O19:Pr3+中1S0能级的电子-振动跃迁

稀土离子Pr^3＋ 4f^2组态中的的高激发态1S0的光谱性质与其他4f^2能级有显著的差别.分析了SrAl12O19：Pr的^1S0→1I6和^1S0→^1D2发射光谱,跃迁分别属于Δ过程和M过程; 指认了其中的零声子线和电子-振动跃迁线.这两组跃迁中,电子-振动跃迁强度与零声子跃迁强度之比大于文献中报道的低激发态中的值,表明^1S0与4f5d态的混杂增强了它的电子-声子耦合.     

Cr4+, Nd3+共掺的钆镓石榴石(Cr, Nd∶GGG)的光谱性能与光谱参数的研究

用提拉法生长了掺铬、钕的钆镓石榴石(Cr4+, Nd3+∶GGG)晶体, 研究了室温下的吸收光谱和荧光光谱性质, 以及晶体中Cr离子浓度对Nd离子光谱性质的影响. 应用Judd-ofelt理论计算了强度参数Ωt (t=2, 4, 6), 自发辐射跃迁几率、荧光分支比和辐射寿命等光谱参数. 应用McCumber理论计算了4F3/2→4I11/2能级跃迁的受激发射截面. 结果表明 Cr3+在300～900 nm之间较强地增加了吸收截面, 尤其是伴随Cr3+→Nd3+有效的能量转移. Cr4+在1.06 μm附近的吸收减弱了Nd离子的发射截面.     

新型WLED荧光粉Ca2MgSi2O7:Ce3+,Eu2+的能量传递和光色研究

用高温固相法制备了 Ca2 MgSi2O7:Ce3+,Eu2,并研究其发光特性.Ce3+的发射带峰值位于410 nm,对应于Ce3+的5d→4f跃迁;Eu2+的发射带峰值位于530 nm,对应于Eu2+的5d→4f跃迁.双掺样品的发射光谱表明两种离子间存在高效的电偶极-电偶极能量传递.当Ce3+和Eu2浓度分别为2％和0.125％时,样品发射光谱(λex=360 nm)色坐标为(0.221,0.312),落在白光区.以上研究说明Ca2 MgSi2O7:Ce3+,Eu2+是一种适用于近紫外芯片的新型WLED荧光粉,其光色可调谐.     

Theoretical Analyses of 4f11 →4f105d Excitation Spectra of Er3+ Doped in LiYF4

Spectral terms and J-spectral multiplet of low-spin 4f^105d configuration of Er^3 were obtained with the method of ligand field theory. According to the selection rules for dipole transitions, the excitation spectra of Er^3 doped in LiYF4 in vacuum ultraviolet region (120～160nm) of the spectrum were theoretically interpreted by applying the crystal field model, and the six bands were assigned to the spin-allowed transitions from the ground state (^4I15/2) to J-spectral multiplet of low-spin 4f^105d configuration of Er^3 ion.     

Inter- and intraconfigurational transitions of Nd3+ in hexafluoroelpasolite lattices

Excitation of the 4f3 ion Nd3+ in hexafluoroelpasolite lattices by synchrotron radiation of wavelength approximately 185 nm leads to fast 4f(2)5d --> 4f3 emission below 52,630 cm(-1) and slower 4f3 --> 4f3 emission from the luminescent states (4)F(3/2) gamma8u (11 524 cm(-1)) and 2G2(9/2) gamma8u (approximately 47,500 cm(-1)). The near-infrared emission is well-resolved, and a clear interpretation of the 4I(9/2) crystal field levels and of the one-phonon vibronic sideband is given. The excitation spectrum of the 2G2(9/2) emission enables clarification of the structure of the 4f(2)5d configuration (which extends from approximately 52,000 to 128,000 cm(-1)). Detailed energy level and intensity calculations have been performed, which provide simulations of the d-f emission and the f-d excitation spectra in good agreement with experiment. It is interesting that although the 4f3 2G2(9/2) gamma8u --> 4f3 4I(J) transitions are very weak in intensity compared with transitions terminating upon higher multiplet terms, most of the 4f(2)5d (3H) 4I(9/2) gamma8g --> 4f3 emission intensity resides in the transitions to 4I(J).     

4f-5d Transitions of Tb3+ in Cs2NaYF6: the effect of distortion of the excited-state configuration

The low-temperature absorption and excitation spectra of interconfigurational 4f-5d transitions of Tb(3+) in a cubic fluoride host demonstrate the appearance of a first-order linear Jahn-Teller effect for the high-spin excited states of the excited electronic configuration 4f(7)5d involving 5d t(2g) orbitals. The τ(2g) mode is observed to be responsible for the splitting of the otherwise degenerate 5d t(2g) orbitals.     

Absorption, light emission, and upconversion properties of Tm2+-doped CsCaI3 and RbCaI3

Absorption, light emission, and upconversion properties of Tm2+-doped CsCaI3 and RbCaI3 single crystals are presented and compared. Both compounds show multiple emissions after excitation at 21834 cm(-1) between 10 and 300 K. Besides sharp 4f-4f transitions around 8800 cm(-1), five and three broad 4f-5d emission bands are observed at higher energies in CsCaI3:Tm2+ and RbCaI3:Tm2+, respectively. The 4f-5d transitions are very sensitive to the crystalline environment: the onset of the 4f-5d excitations is red-shifted by about 1000 cm(-1) in RbCaI3:Tm2+ compared to CsCaI3:Tm2+. In addition, a broadening of bands is observed in the former compound. These differences are attributed to the structural changes that occur when the alkali metal is changed from Cs to Rb in these crystal lattices. An increased energy splitting of the multiplets and a red shift of the barycenter of the (4f)12(5d)1 electron configuration in RbCaI3:Tm2+ is the result. This affects not only the color of the visible emission, which turns from green in CsCaI3:Tm2+ to yellow in RbCaI3:Tm2+, but also the excited state dynamics. As a consequence, the dominant upconversion processes are different in the two compounds. Thus, the two title compounds nicely illustrate the influence of the structural environment on the optical spectroscopic properties of Tm2+.     

Characteristics of the energy bands and the spectroscopic parameters of Pr3+ ions in PrCl3 mixed methanol, iso-propanol and butanol solutions

An investigation on the absorption spectra of the praseodymium chloride (PrCl(3)) in methanol, iso-propanol and butanol is carried out between 190 nm and 1100 nm. We have observed and assigned six energy bands of the 4f(2) electronic configuration of the Pr(3+) ion in the visible to near-infra-red and one due to 4f5d configuration in the ultraviolet region. The 4f5d band has been detected properly for low concentration of PrCl(3). We have also constructed a free-ion Hamiltonian and calculated the energy levels of the 4f(2) configuration theoretically. Hence, the best fit free-ion parameters are deduced.     

Electronic circular dichroism in the 4f-4f transitions of a series of cesium tetrakis (+)-3-heptafluorobutyrylcamphorate Ln(iii) complexes

For electronic circular dichroism in the 4f-4f transitions (4f-4f CD) of a series of nine tetrakis ((+)-3-heptafluorobutyrylcamphorato) Ln(III) complexes, Δ-SAPR-8-C(4)(llll) Cs[Ln((+)-hfbc)(4)]·H(2)O (Cs-Ln = Cs-Pr, -Nd, -Sm, -Eu, -Dy, -Ho, -Er, -Tm, -Yb), the spectroscopic observables such as the dissymmetry factor g = Δε/ε values with the intensities (Δε) of the CD components and the molar absorption intensities (ε) in the 4f-4f transitions between the (2S+1)L(J) levels are compared with each other to test the classification of the CD components in the relative order of the observables predicted in terms of the selection rule for 4f-4f transitions. The 4f-4f CD-based chiroptical spectra-structural relationship across the series of Δ-SAPR-8-C(4)(llll) lanthanide(iii) complexes is proposed: the signs of the 4f-4f CD or CPL in the hypersensitive transitions are related to the absolute configuration; Ln complexes with a negative CD component have the Δ-configuration around Ln(III) and vice versa.     

Ground states, excited states, and metal-ligand bonding in rare earth hexachloro complexes: a DFT-based ligand field study

Metal (4f)-ligand (Cl 3p) bonding in LnCl(6)(3-) (Ln = Ce to Yb) complexes has been studied on the basis of 4f-->4f and Cl,3p-->4f charge-transfer spectra and on the analysis of these spectra within the valence bond configuration interaction model to show that mixing of Cl 3p into the Ln 4f ligand field orbitals does not exceed 1%. Contrary to this, Kohn-Sham formalism of density functional theory using currently available approximations to the exchange-correlation functional tends to strongly overestimate 4f-3p covalency, yielding, for YbCl(6)(3-), a much larger mixing of Cl 3p-->4f charge transfer into the f(13) ionic ground-state wave function. Thus, ligand field density functional theory, which was recently developed and applied with success to complexes of 3d metals in our group, yields anomalously large ligand field splittings for Ln, the discrepancy with experiment increasing from left to the right of the Ln 4f series. It is shown that eliminating artificial ligand-to-metal charge transfer in Kohn-Sham calculations by a procedure described in this work leads to energies of 4f-4f transitions in good agreement with experiment. We recall an earlier concept of Ballhausen and Dahl which describes ligand field in terms of a pseudopotential and give a thorough analysis of the contributions to the ligand field from electrostatics (crystal field) and exchange (Pauli) repulsion. The close relation of the present results with those obtained using the first-principles based and electron density dependent effective embedding potential is pointed out along with implications for applications to other systems.     

Tb掺杂SiO2-B2O3-NaF玻璃的制备及发光性质

使用正硅酸乙酯、硼酸和氟化钠为前驱体,0.10 mol•L-1TbCl3溶液为掺杂剂,通过溶胶-凝胶方法制备了Tb3＋掺杂的SiO2-B2O3-NaF玻璃,研究了Tb3＋在SiO2-B2O3-NaF体系中的发光性质,结果显示发光体能产生强的绿色发光(544 nm),归属于Tb3＋的5D4—7F5电子跃迁.Tb3＋含量不同时,除发光强度不同外,其发射光谱基本相同,并且在低掺杂Tb3＋样品和低退火温度样品中检测到了来自5D3跃迁产生的峰,其跃迁随Tb3＋掺杂浓度的增加和退火温度的升高而发生猝灭,这种现象归因于5D3－5D47F6—7F0和/或5D3—7F07F6—5D4跃迁中发生了交叉弛豫现象.Tb3＋在SiO2-B2O3-NaF玻璃中的激发光谱由一个宽峰和一系列窄峰组成,宽峰最大波长位于230 nm,对应于Tb3＋的4f 8—4f 75d 1跃迁,一系列窄峰位于300～380 nm处,归属于4f 8跃迁,所有发光材料的XRD和TEM测试显示材料是非晶态的.     

Determining relative f and d orbital contributions to M-Cl covalency in MCl6(2-) (M = Ti, Zr, Hf, U) and UOCl5(-) using Cl K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy and time-dependent density functional theory

Chlorine K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and ground-state and time-dependent hybrid density functional theory (DFT) were used to probe the electronic structures of O(h)-MCl(6)(2-) (M = Ti, Zr, Hf, U) and C(4v)-UOCl(5)(-), and to determine the relative contributions of valence 3d, 4d, 5d, 6d, and 5f orbitals in M-Cl bonding. Spectral interpretations were guided by time-dependent DFT calculated transition energies and oscillator strengths, which agree well with the experimental XAS spectra. The data provide new spectroscopic evidence for the involvement of both 5f and 6d orbitals in actinide-ligand bonding in UCl(6)(2-). For the MCl(6)(2-), where transitions into d orbitals of t(2g) symmetry are spectroscopically resolved for all four complexes, the experimentally determined Cl 3p character per M-Cl bond increases from 8.3(4)% (TiCl(6)(2-)) to 10.3(5)% (ZrCl(6)(2-)), 12(1)% (HfCl(6)(2-)), and 18(1)% (UCl(6)(2-)). Chlorine K-edge XAS spectra of UOCl(5)(-) provide additional insights into the transition assignments by lowering the symmetry to C(4v), where five pre-edge transitions into both 5f and 6d orbitals are observed. For UCl(6)(2-), the XAS data suggest that orbital mixing associated with the U 5f orbitals is considerably lower than that of the U 6d orbitals. For both UCl(6)(2-) and UOCl(5)(-), the ground-state DFT calculations predict a larger 5f contribution to bonding than is determined experimentally. These findings are discussed in the context of conventional theories of covalent bonding for d- and f-block metal complexes.