圆二色光谱分析蛋白质构象的方法及研究进展

介绍了远紫外圆二色光谱数据计算蛋白质二级结构,辨认蛋白质三级结构类型的原理、拟合方法、实验技术。对近紫外圆二色作为光谱探针,研究蛋白质中芳香氨基酸残基、二硫键微环境的变化作了简单介绍。     

应用电子圆二色光谱方法确定手性金属配合物的绝对构型

与电子能级跃迁相关的电子圆二色(ECD)光谱因其研究对象宽泛,与涉及振动能级的振动圆二色(VCD)光谱互补,已成为应用于手性立体化学研究的集成手性光谱的主流表征手段。本文概述了确定手性金属配合物绝对构型的三种主要方法,详细介绍了ECD光谱法在确定手性金属配合物绝对构型中的应用,其中着重强调了激子手性方法,并对集成手性光谱学未来的发展趋势做出了展望。     

光学活性和手性光谱的溯源和发展

概述了19世纪以来光学活性和手性光谱的发现和发展,着重对旋光色散(ORD)、电子圆二色(ECD)和振动圆二色(VCD)光谱的发展背景和基本原理作出介绍。其中特别提及华人科学家徐光宪和徐云洁在手性光谱发展历程中的杰出贡献。     

水溶性手性Salen Mn(Ⅲ)的光谱性质及其对氨基酸客体的分子识别研究

合成并表征了手性配体Salen H₂及其锰配合物.详细讨论了配体及配合物的红外光谱、电子吸收光谱和圆二色光谱性质.研究结果表明,Salen Mn(Ⅲ)配合物在水溶液中为Δ构型,进一步证明了配合物中双偶氮螯环结构的确具有很高的刚性.用紫外-可见光谱滴定方法测定了锰配合物与氨基酸分子识别过程的缔合常数,实验结果表明:主体Salen Mn(Ⅲ)对每一对氨基酸对映异构体的识别能力均表现为对D-型的识别能力比对L-型大,对具有相同对映构型的不同氨基酸客体的识别能力按Phe, Val和Thr顺序依次递减.圆二色光谱(CD)考察结果与热力学研究结果一致.此外,采用分子力学方法考察了主客体体系的最低能量构象,并对该构象进行了量子化学计算,从理论上对实验事实作了进一步解释.     

水溶性手性Salen Mn(III)的光谱性质及其对氨基酸客体的分子识别研究

合成并表征了手性配体SalenH2 及其锰配合物 .详细讨论了配体及配合物的红外光谱、电子吸收光谱和圆二色光谱性质 .研究结果表明 ,SalenMn(III)配合物在水溶液中为Δ构型 ,进一步证明了配合物中双偶氮螯环结构的确具有很高的刚性 .用紫外 -可见光谱滴定方法测定了锰配合物与氨基酸分子识别过程的缔合常数 ,实验结果表明 :主体SalenMn(III)对每一对氨基酸对映异构体的识别能力均表现为对D 型的识别能力比对L 型大 ,对具有相同对映构型的不同氨基酸客体的识别能力按Phe ,Val和Thr顺序依次递减 .圆二色光谱 (CD)考察结果与热力学研究结果一致 .此外 ,采用分子力学方法考察了主客体体系的最低能量构象 ,并对该构象进行了量子化学计算 ,从理论上对实验事实作了进一步解释 .     

从草酸青霉菌中分离得到的立体异构体Hydroxyscytalone的光谱学研究

从真菌草酸青霉菌(Penicillium oxalicum)中分离得到一个新的立体异构体Hydroxyscytalone,其平面结构采用核磁共振和高分辨质谱等进行确定,其立体化学通过振动圆二色光谱、电子圆二色光谱和旋光光谱进行证实.     

氨基黑10B与牛血清白蛋白作用的光谱法研究

用紫外、荧光、圆二色光谱法研究了氨基黑10B与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)结合反应的光谱特性.结果表明氨基黑10B对牛血清白蛋白的荧光有猝灭作用,其猝灭类型属于静态猝灭;得到了不同温度下的结合常数和结合位点数;利用Gibbs-Helmholtz方程计算得到该猝灭反应的热力学参数,表明氨基黑10B主要以氢键和范德华力与BSA相互作用;圆二色和同步荧光光谱显示氨基黑10B对BSA构象产生了影响.     

具有抗癌活性的新型硒杂环化合物的合成及其与牛血清蛋白的相互作用

合成了一种新的硒二唑衍生物4-(苯并[c][1,2,5]硒二唑-6-yl)苯-1,2-二氨基(BSBD).研究了其抗肿瘤活性,结果发现BSBD具有很好的抗癌活性,特别对Neuro-2a小鼠脑神经瘤细胞表现出很好的选择性.关于作用机制的研究发现,BSBD可呈剂量效应的诱导肿瘤细胞中Sub-G1凋亡峰的累积、染色质固缩及凋亡小体的形成,说明诱导细胞凋亡是BSBD发挥抗肿瘤活性的主要机制.进而应用紫外-可见吸收光谱、荧光光谱法、傅里叶红外光谱、圆二色光谱法研究了其与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)的相互作用.采用位点结合模型公式和热力学公式计算了结合常数、结合位点数及结合力类型,并用紫外-可见吸收光谱、红外光谱和圆二色光谱技术探讨了硒杂环化合物对牛血清白蛋白构象的影响.结果表明:BSBD能有效淬灭牛血清白蛋白的荧光强度,其猝灭机理为静态猝灭,主要作用力类型是氢键和范德华力.而同步荧光、紫外-吸收示差光谱、红外光谱和圆二色光谱都进一步证明了BSBD与BSA结合后,改变了BSA的内部结构.     

光谱法研究萘酰亚胺类衍生物与牛血清白蛋白的相互作用

采用荧光光谱、紫外-可见吸收光谱、红外光谱和圆二色光谱研究了3-氨基-4-二甲氨基-N-丁基-1.8-萘酰亚胺(ADBN)与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)结合反应的特征。荧光光谱与紫外-可见吸收光谱表明,ADBN使BSA荧光猝灭的机理为静态猝灭。根据热力学参数判断ADBN与BSA主要是通过氢键和范德华力结合,结合距离为4.08 nm。同步荧光光谱、圆二色光谱以及红外光谱表明,结合过程中BSA的构象发生了变化。     

圆偏振发光光谱及其应用(上)——原理部分

旋光是最早出现并用得最广泛的一种研究手性体系的光学方法。随着旋光散射(Optical Rotatory Dispersion,亦称旋光光谱,简称ORD)和圆二色(Circular Dichroism,简称CD)这些     

Chiral liquid chromatography contribution to the determination of the absolute configuration of enantiomers

The review covers examples in which chiral HPLC, as a source of pure enantiomers, has been combined with classical methods (X-ray, vibrational circular dichroism (VCD), enzymatic resolutions, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques, optical rotation, circular dichroism (CD)) for the on- or off-line determination of absolute configuration of enantiomers. Furthermore, it is outlined that chiral HPLC, which associates enantioseparation process and classical purification process, opens new perspectives in the classical determination of absolute configuration by chemical correlation or chemical interconversion methods. The review also contains a discussion about the various approaches to predict the absolute configuration from the retention behavior of the enantiomers on chiral stationary phases (CSPs). Some examples illustrate the advantages and limitations of molecular modeling methods and the use of chiral recognition models. The assumptions underlying some of these methods are critically analyzed and some possible emerging new strategies are outlined.     

D-，L-苯丙氨酸诱导非手性菁染料的手性组装

超分子手性与分子自组装是生命体中非常重要和有趣的现象．报道了D,L-苯丙氨酸等氨基酸在氯化钠溶液中通过非共价键相互作用诱导非手性菁染料（Pseudoisocyanine,PIC）J-聚集体超分子手性的形成．实验结果表明,诱导的手性菁染料PIC聚集体发色团在π-π^＊跃迁区域产生了特征的镜像圆二色性,其圆二色信号和强度强烈地依赖于氨基酸的绝对构型、浓度、侧链基团和溶液温度．原子力显微镜照片清楚地表明,^聚集体由相互交联的纳米纤维组成,诱导的圆二色性可能来源于纤维状聚集体的宏观螺旋排列．     

激子手性方法用于多氧取代环己烯类化合物的研究

多氧取代环己烯是一类比较独特的天然产物,分子中多具有四个手性中心,立体化学多变,尽管用化学衍生物方法确定了部分化合物的绝对构型,但对已报道的化合物中仍有大部分未能确定其构型。在阐明分子相对构型的基础上,应用激子手性方法确定此类化合物的绝对构型,并利用Alchemy程序进行了分子动力学计算,对此类化合物的圆二色性规律进行了总结。     

Exciton chirality method in vibrational circular dichroism

The interaction of two IR chromophores yields a strong vibrational circular dichroism couplet whose sign reflects the absolute configuration of the molecule. We present a method to determine absolute configuration of a chiral molecule based on this couplet without need of theoretical calculation. Not only can this method analyze various molecules whose absolute configuration is difficult to determine by other spectroscopic methods, but also it can significantly enhance VCD signals.     

振动圆二色谱在轴手性β-双咔啉N—O衍生物立体化学研究中的应用

采用振动圆二色谱(VCD)方法研究了一个具有高度催化活性的轴手性结构的双咔啉N—O化合物的立体化学结构. 在B3LYP/6-311+G(d)水平上得到的计算结果表明, 对于具有负旋光值的双咔啉N—O化合物化合物, 其绝对构型是aS. 同时, 分别计算了双咔啉N—O化合物的电子圆二色谱(ECD)和旋光值, 并与实验结果进行了比较. 在化合物结构完全正确条件下, VCD, ECD和旋光数据均表明, 具有负旋光值的该化合物的绝对构型是aS.     

Determination of absolute configuration using concerted ab Initio DFT calculations of electronic circular dichroism and optical rotation: bicyclo[3.3.1]nonane diones

The concerted use of ab initio time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) calculations of transparent spectral region optical rotation and of circular dichroism has recently become practicable, permitting the concerted use of transparent spectral region optical rotation and circular dichroism in determining the absolute configurations of chiral molecules. Here, we report concerted TDDFT calculations of the transparent spectral region specific rotations and of the circular dichroism spectra originating in n --> pi C=O group excitations of four bicyclo[3.3.1]nonane diones, 1-4. Comparison to experiment yields absolute configurations for 1-4. For each dione, specific rotations and circular dichroism spectra give identical absolute configurations. Our results are consistent with previous work, with the exception of the Octant Rule-derived absolute configuration of the 2,9-dione.     

Synthesis and absolute configuration of a bi[10]paracyclophane with two chiral planes and one chiral axis

The bi[10]paracyclophane (−)-6b with two chiral planes and one chiral axis has been synthesized in enantiomerically pure form. Its absolute configuration was determined by quantum chemical calculation of the circular dichroism and comparison with the experimental CD spectrum.     

Structure elucidation of highly condensed stilbenoids: chiroptical properties and absolute configuration

We investigated the potential roles of the skeleton-based comparative study of electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra for an application of absolute configuration (AC) determination of oligostilbenoids (OS). This approach was ultimately achieved followed by the isolation and elucidation of relative configuration (RC) of upunaphenol Q (1) (new compound) and vateriaphenol A (2), namely two octamers are dimeric tetramers of resveratrol (Res). The common building blocks (BB) provide further insight into how smaller OS are apparently conserved during downstream metabolites, as well as providing additional impetus to resolve AC of highly condensed stilbenoids (HCS). They also underline the importance of studies on determination of AC of common BB in the chemical library and to provide chiroptical properties.     

Circular dichroism imaging microscopy: application to enantiomorphous twinning in biaxial crystals of 1,8-dihydroxyanthraquinone

A microscope was constructed for imaging circular dichroism of heterogeneous anisotropic media. To avoid linear biases that are common with electronic circular polarization modulation, we chose a retrogressive solution: mechanical light modulation by rotating a linear polarizer with respect to a quarter wave plate continuously tuned by tilting to the operating wavelength. Our comparatively slow technique succeeds with near-perfect circular input and signal averaging using a CCD camera. We have applied the method to anomalously birefringent crystals of 1,8-dihydroxyanthraquinone that are shown to have intergrown mirror image domains, undetected by X-ray diffraction because the twinning complexity renders differences in anomalous dispersion, already small, unreliable. The origin of the anomalous birefringence and the assignment of the absolute configuration are discussed.     

Isolation of an anthrabenzoxocinone 1.264-C from Streptomyces sp. FXJ1.264 and absolute configuration determination of the anthrabenzoxocinones

The anthrabenzoxocinones (ABXs) are hexacyclic aromatic compounds with various bioactivities. Some ABXs with two stereogenic carbon centers have been isolated from different actinomycetes. However, none of them have an absolute configuration assigned, which precludes further studies on the structure–activity relationship and biosynthetic mechanisms of the ABXs. An ABX compound 1.264-C was isolated from Streptomyces sp. FXJ1.264. The absolute configuration of 1.264-C was characterized by X-ray crystallographic, electronic, and experimental circular dichroism (CD) analyses. Based on the reported CD and specific rotation data, the absolute configurations of several other ABXs were also assigned.