钙黄绿素-Pd2+荧光光度法测定甲基对硫磷

报道了甲基对硫磷的荧光光度测定方法.在pH=7.4的缓冲溶液中钙黄绿素有荧光,Pd2+与其反应使其荧光消失.由于甲基对硫磷与Pd2+形成的配合物比钙黄绿素-钯配合物更稳定,加入后可使钙黄绿素游离出来而重显荧光,激发波长和发射波长分别位于492nm和512nm,测得游离的钙黄绿素荧光强度与甲基对硫磷浓度在1.0×10-7-1.2×10-6mol/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,检出限为5×10-8mol/L,空白样品加标回收率为87%-108%,相对标准偏差小于4%.     

间接荧光法测定维生素C

实验发现,抗坏血酸在水溶液中能将无荧光的铈(Ⅳ)离子还原成能发射特征荧光的铈(Ⅲ)离子,加入六偏磷酸钠溶液,可使体系的荧光强度大大增强,由此建立了灵敏间接测定抗坏血酸的新方法。用1 cm石英比色池在激发和发射波长分别为303和340 nm处测定其荧光强度;抗坏血酸在1.0×10-7～8.0×10-6 mol·L-1浓度范围内与体系的荧光强度呈良好的线性关系,相关系数为0.999 7,检出限为1.6×10-8 mol·L-1(S/N=3)。     

钇(Ⅲ)-环丙沙星配合物的荧光性质及其应用

研究了稀土钇离子(Y3+)与环丙沙星(CPLX)体系的荧光特性,Y3+可使体系的荧光强度明显增强,由此建立测定环丙沙星药物的新方法。对CPLX-Y3+体系荧光增强的机理进行了初步探讨,并系统研究了CPLX-Y3+体系荧光强度的影响因素。在pH=5.5的Tris-HC1缓冲溶液中,Y3+浓度为5.0×10-5mol/L时,环丙沙星的浓度与体系的荧光强度呈良好的线性关系,线性范围为1.0×10-9~2.0×10-6mol/L,检出限为3.1×10-11mol/L(S/N=3)。该方法可用于人体尿药浓度和环丙沙星片剂的直接测定。     

一种可用于细胞内汞离子可视化检测的荧光探针

将硫代罗丹明6G酰肼(R6GS)应用于水溶液和活细胞内汞离子的荧光成像检测.在测试体系中,R6GS本身溶液无色,荧光非常弱;加入汞离子后,溶液立刻变为粉红色且荧光显著增强,而对其他离子则没有响应,表明该探针分子对汞离子有较高的选择性和较高的灵敏性.荧光光谱显示R6GS对0-1.0×10-5mol/L的汞离子有较好线性关系,检出限为6.25×10-7mol/L.最后,该探针被成功用于官颈癌细胞中Hg2+的荧光成像研究.     

胶束增敏荧光法测定山楂中总黄酮含量

以金丝桃苷为对照品用荧光法测定山楂中总黄酮量.实验表明:乙醇胺与金丝桃苷作用可产生强的荧光,加入CTMAB后,荧光强度进一步增强.金丝桃苷在4×10-7-1.5×10-5mol/L浓度范围内与其荧光强度呈良好的线性关系,其线性回归方程为:y=3.085×107x 122.56;检出限为2.4×10-7mol/L.本方法用于山楂中总黄酮量的测定,其回收率为95.8%-100.0%,RSD为1.64%.     

十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)增强若丹明6G水溶液激光激发荧光谱研究

报道了若丹明6G水溶液添加不同浓度的表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)时激光激发染料的变化,发现较低的掺入量导致R6G荧光减弱,适量SDS的加入使荧光增强,在5×10-5 mol·L-1的R6G水溶液中,加入6×10-2 mol·L-1 SDS,荧光增强因子达到3.1。当R6G浓度为1×10-4 mol·L-1时,加入2×10-2 mol·L-1,染料激光阈值显著降低。测量了不同浓度的R6G溶液的吸收光谱及加入不同浓度SDS后的荧光谱,分析了不同SDS加入量下R6G荧光减弱及增强的物理机制。     

硫杂杯[4]荧光探针的离子识别及分子逻辑门研究

以硫杂杯[4]芳烃为母体,在其1,3-位连接羟乙基邻苯二甲酰亚胺,2,4-位以三氮唑为连接基,将苄基引入硫杂杯[4]芳烃的下沿,得到硫杂杯[4]-邻苯二甲酰亚胺衍生物荧光探针(s1)。探针s1发射强烈荧光,在CH₃CN介质中的相对荧光量子产率为0.43。在DMF/H₂O介质中,以310 nm为激发波长,Fe3+能选择性猝灭探针s1在390 nm处的荧光;在CH₃CN介质中,以245 nm为激发波长,I-能选择性猝灭探针s1在310 nm处的荧光,光谱滴定和等温滴定量热均测出探针s1与Fe3+或与I-形成1∶1配合物,结合常数均达105。结合自由能表明配合为自发过程。荧光猝灭检测Fe3+和 I-的浓度线性范围分别为1.0×10-7～1.6×10-4 mol·L-1和1.0×10-7～8.5×10-5 mol·L-1,检测限分别为2.30×10-8 mol·L-1和1.17×10-8 mol·L-1。同时,利用识别和竞争配合作用,控制Fe3+和F-的输入使探针s1发射荧光或荧光猝灭,构建了分子水平上的逻辑电路。红外光谱推测探针s1分子中三氮唑基的氮原子参与了识别Fe3+的配位,而探针s1分子中三氮唑环上的芳氢与I-形成氢键而实现识别。     

稀土离子增敏的恩诺沙星荧光体系及其分析应用

研究了稀土Y3 离子与恩诺沙星配合物体系的荧光特性,Y3 离子可使体系的荧光强度明显增强,由此建立了灵敏测定恩诺沙星药物的分析方法。用1 cm石英比色池在激发和发射波长分别为274和424 nm处测定其荧光强度;恩诺沙星在1.0×10-9~5.0×10-6mol.L-1浓度范围内与体系的荧光强度呈良好的线性关系,相关系数为0.998 1,检测限为2.3×10-10mol.L-1(S/N=3);同时试验了常见金属离子与配伍药对其测定的干扰,进行了在配伍药中的回收试验,回收率在98.0%~107.0%之间,RSD在0.9%~4.5%之间以及对动物专用的恩诺沙星注射液的含量进行了测定,并与用铽离子荧光探针法测得的结果进行了比较,结果令人满意。此外,对该荧光体系的发光机理也进行了讨论。     

同步扫描荧光光谱法同时测定阿司匹林和水杨酸

建立了同步扫描荧光光谱法单次扫描同时测定阿司匹林和水杨酸双组分的方法。荧光光度计同步扫描时,得到两组分互不干扰的荧光峰,借此分别测定两组分的含量。阿司匹林和水杨酸浓度分别在4.0×10-6～1.0×10-4 mol·L-1, 8.0×10-7～1.0×10-4 mol·L-1范围内与荧光强度呈线性关系,相关系数分别为0.994 9和0.997 5,水杨酸的检测限为4.0×10-7 mol·L-1。该法简单、快速准确、易操作,可用于药物制剂中阿司匹林和水杨酸的同时测定。     

槲皮素作为荧光探针对氟离子的识别作用

槲皮素为天然黄酮类化合物,广泛存在于植物的根、茎、叶、花和果实中。槲皮素作为荧光探针检测氟离子不仅具有较好的选择性和灵敏度,而且与合成的荧光探针比,还具有来源广、环保、无毒等优点。实验将不同阴离子(F-,Cl-,Br-,I-,ClO-₄,H₂PO-₄)分别加入到槲皮素的二甲基亚砜(DMSO)溶液中,考查槲皮素溶液的荧光强度变化。实验发现当加入氟离子后,槲皮素在500 nm处的荧光发射峰的强度降低,发生荧光猝灭,且其猝灭程度随着氟离子浓度的增大而改变,即荧光强度随着氟离子浓度的增大而减小,并呈线性变化。而其他阴离子的加入对槲皮素和槲皮素-氟离子体系的荧光发射强度影响不大,说明其他阴离子不影响槲皮素对氟离子的识别,显示了槲皮素对氟离子具有较好的选择性。由荧光滴定光谱和荧光滴定曲线得到槲皮素对氟离子的滴定方程为：y=-13.36x+173.4,线性关系为R2=0.991,线性范围为1.0×10-6～8.0×10-6 mol·L-1,最低检测限为1.0×10-7 mol·L-1,表明槲皮素对氟离子的识别具有较高的灵敏度。进一步实验表明槲皮素识别氟离子的机理可能是氟离子的加入破坏了溶液体系的氢键,改变了槲皮素分子的共轭状态,发生分子内电荷转移,促使槲皮素荧光猝灭。用该法成功检测了样品中微量氟离子,回收率为100.67%～102.44%,精确度较好,测定结果稳定。     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Hybrid Wavelength and Code Division Multiple Access in Optical Networks

A review of schemes for multiple access in fiber optic networks shows that a hybrid of wavelength and code division multiple access (WCDMA) combines the best features of both. In particular, the hybrid scheme retains the large information carrying capacity of wavelength division multiple access (WDMA) and flexibility of code division multiple access (CDMA). In this paper WDMA, optical CDMA (OCDMA), and WCDMA networks are discussed. In OCDMA networks, concept of incoherent and coherent coding including inverse decoding and matched filter is introduced. The delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks, under the simple suboptimum access protocols based on cyclic search, is computed. It has been shown quantitatively that tuning delay significantly affects the delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks. Futhermore, delay performance of WCDMA networks is always better than the WDMA networks for the same tuning delay, load, and number of users.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Research on beamforming method for dual-line array with space mismatch between the two line arrays

The performance of port/starboard discrimination of dual-line array will be seriously degraded when the space between the two line arrays of the dual-line array is mismatched. The directivity function of the delay-sum and delay-subtract beamforming is deduced and the port/starboard discrimination of the delay-sum and delay-subtract beamforming is also studied both under the ideal status and the status under which the space between the two line arrays of the dual-line array is mismatched. Analysis results show the delay-subtract beamforming has better performance of port/starboard discrimination. At last, the sea trial results demonstrate the theoretical results.     

Retrieval of ultraviolet skylight radiances and O3 slant column densities from balloon-borne limb spectrometer

With a novel light-weight and absolutely calibrated ultraviolet （UV） spectrometer, UV skylight radiances and O3 slant column densities are measured by balloon-borne limb measurements in Xinjiang area, China. UV skylight radiances measured at the height of 31 km are compared with the results from Modtran in the wavelength range from 290 to 420 nm. O3 slant column densities are derived from radiance spectra in the Huggins bands （320 - 335 nm） using differential optical absorption spectroscopy method. And the parameter exhibits a good correlation with the same value simulated by radiative transfer model （Tracy）. The O3 profile simultaneously measured by an O3 sonde is used as input in Tracy calculations. The O3 sonde is launched on the same balloon.     

Design optimization of highly sensitive LSPR enhanced surface plasmon resonance biosensors with nanoholes

For breaking through the sensitivity limitation of conventional surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensors, novel highly sensitive SPR biosensors with Au nanoparticles and nanogratings enhancement have been proposed recently.But in practice, these structures have obvious disadvantages.In this study, a nanohole based sensitivity enhancement SPR biosensor is proposed and the influence of different structural parameters on the performance is investigated by using rigorous coupled wave analysis (RCWA).Electromagnetic field distributions around the nanohole are also given out to directly explain the performance difference for various structural parameters.The results indicate that significant sensitivity increase is associated with localized surface plasmons (LSPs) excitation mediated by nanoholes.Except to outcome the weakness of other LSP based biosensors, larger resonance angle shift, reflectance amplitude, and sharper SPR curves' width are obtained simultaneously under optimized structural parameters.     

Polymer gratings based on photopolymerization for low-order distributed feedback polymer lasers

Novel polymer distributed feedback(DFB)gratings are fabricated based on photopolymerization to reduce lasing threshold of polymer lasers.A photopolymer formulation sensitive to 355-nm ultraviolet(UV)light is proposed for the fabrication of polymer gratings and it can be used to form polymer films by spin-coating process.A very low surface-relief depth ranging from 12.5 to about 1.0 nm has been demonstrated with a refractive-index modulation of about 0.012.The experimental results indicate that such polymer gratings have promising potentials for the fabrication of low-order DFB organic semiconductor lasers.     

A novel methodology for photometric compensation of projection display on patterned screen

We propose a novel methodology based on the projector-camera (ProCam) system to address the photometric compensation issue for the projection display on the patterned screen.The patterned screen is treated as the combination of a perfect white screen and a color modulator.The perfect white screen is used to automatically and accurately characterize the ProCam system offline using the polynomial model,and the parameters of the color modulator can be efficiently recovered by employing only two gray images based on the linear reflectance model.The experimental results show that the color artifacts of the display image can be greatly improved with this methodology,which demonstrates its feasibility and validity in the photometric compensation.     

Direction-of-arrival estimation using matrix spatial prefiltering approach

An approach to direction-of-arrival （DOA） estimation for multiple narrowband farfield signals is proposed. The technique uses a novel matrix spatial prefiltering approach. Specifically, a matrix filter is designed to spatially filter the incoming data snapshots. The un-wanted components arriving from the stopband angular sectors are attenuated and the desired components from the angular sector of interest pass with minimal distortion. The matrix filter spatially filters the element-space data and the output reserves the element-space data property, which makes it very useful by passing sensor data through a spatial prefilter prior to applying many other array processors to attenuate interferences and improve system performance. Several examples of DOA estimation problem are presented to illustrate the performance of the proposed spatial prefiltering approach. Results of simulation and real data show that the pre-filter can efficiently attenuate the spatial interferences and significantly improve the estimation and resolution capability of DOA estimators at low signal-to-noise ratios for the sources located inside the passband sector. In addition, the use of spatial prefilter makes it possible to estimate DOAs for multiple sources more than the number of the elements of an array.     

Quantum efficiency calibration of opto-electronic detector by means of correlated photons method

A new calibration method of detectors can be realized by using correlated photons generated in spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC) effect of nonlinear crystal.An absolute calibration system of detector quantum efficiency is performed.And its principle and experimental setup are introduced.A continuouswave (CW) ultraviolet (351 nm),diode-pumped,frequency-doubled,and solid-state laser is used to pump BBO crystal.The quantum efficiencies of the photomultiplier at 633,702,and 789 nm are measured respectively.The coincidence peaks are observed using coincidence circuit.Some measurement factors including the filter bandwidth of trigger channel,the detector position alignment and polarization of the pump light are analyzed.The uncertainties of this calibration method are also analyzed,and the relative uncertainties of total calibration are less than 5.8%.The accuracy of this method could be improved in the future.