X射线辐照下BaF_xCl_（2－x）：Eu~（2＋）的热释发光性质

本文研究了在不同温度下，经互射线辐照后ＢａＦｘＣｌ２－ｘ：ＥＵ２＋的热释发光性质．给出了热释发光峰的温度与缺陷种类的关系，讨论了两种温度辐照下，ＢａＦｘＣｌ２－ｘ：Ｅｕ２＋（Ｘ＝０．９０，…，１．１５）热释发光产生差异的原因．     

BaFCl∶Eu~（2＋）中F色心的浓度和光激励截面与温度和紫外线的辐照波长的关系

本文研究了ＢａＦＣｌ∶ＥＵ（２＋）在不同波长的紫外线辐照和不同的测定温度下的光激励发光性质．通过改变激励方式及激励光的扫描方向，给出了ＢａＦＣｌ∶Ｅｕ（２＋）光激励发光过程中，两种Ｆ色心的浓度比值和光激励截面比值与紫外线辐照波长和测定温度的关系．同时我们还研究了在激励读出过程中，对应两种Ｆ色心的光激励发光强度与激励温度的关系，并且给出了相应于Ｆ（Ｃｌ－）心的热激活能．     

红外光谱法快速测定润滑油添加剂

利用ＰＥ－ＦＴＩＲ红外光谱仪及ＰＥ公司“Ｑｕａｎｔ”计算机软件,测定润滑油添加剂单剂与复合剂含量,实际测定了１５Ｗ／４０ＳＥ、１５／３０ ＳＥ／ＣＤ、１５／Ｗ４０ＣＤ、１５Ｗ／３０ＣＣ油品试样。测量范围为０．２％￣９０％,测定相对误差小于１０％。     

溶剂萃取原子吸收光谱法测定建材样品中微量铁

本文研究了在微酸性介质中用抗坏血酸还原Ｆｅ（Ⅲ），Ｆｅ（Ⅱ）与１，１０－二氮杂菲（ｐｈｅｎ）形成Ｆｅ（ｐｈｅｎ）＾２＋３配合物，加入ＣｌＯ＾－４阴离子与之形成离子缔合物，再用有机溶剂硝基苯萃取，火焰原子吸收测定有机相。本法检出限为１．１ｎｇ／ｍＬ，回收率为９８．５％－１０６％。     

ICP-AES法测定铝锂合金中Li、Mg、Fe、Cu、Si、Zr的研究

本文研究了采用ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ技术同时测定铝锂合金中Ｌｉ、Ｍｇ、Ｆｅ、Ｃｕ、Ｓｉ、Ｚｒ等六元素的分析方法,优化了工作条件,经对合成样品和实际样品测量,对Ｌｉ（１％－４％）、Ｍｇ（０．５％－６％）、Ｆｅ（０．０５％－２．５％）、Ｃｕ（０．５％－５％）、Ｓｉ（０．０５％－０．５％）、Ｚｒ（０．０５％－０．５％）,方法的相对标准偏差均小于５％,回收率为９３％－１０５％。方法对照结果亦表明,本方法简便、快速、准确     

TBP色层分离—ICP／AES法测定锆铀铒合金中十七个微量杂质元…

本法对锆铀铒合金中十七个微量杂质元素和铒的测定进行了较系统的实验研究。取样１００ｍｇ时，Ａｌ，Ｃａ，Ｃｏ，Ｃｒ，Ｃｕ，Ｆｅ，Ｍｇ，Ｍｎ，Ｍｏ，Ｎｉ，Ｐｂ，Ｓｎ，Ｔａ，Ｔｉ，Ｖ，Ｙ和Ｚｎ的测定范围为３０－３２００μｇ／ｇ，Ｅｒ为０．２－３．２％，回收率９４－１０８％，ＲＳＤ为０．２－２．１％。     

氧化亚氮／乙炔火焰原子吸收与火焰原子发射光谱法测定头发样中铝

本文采用Ｎ２Ｏ／Ｃ２Ｈ２ＦＡＡＳ和ＦＡＥＳ两种方法同时测定正常人头发中的铝，并对测定条件、干扰物质的影响及测定结果进行了比较。实验表明，在酸性介质中，选择３９６．１ｎｍ发射线，不论是物质的干扰程度、还是测定的精确度、灵敏度和回收率，ＦＡＥＳ法均优于ＦＡＡＳ法。其对应的ＲＳＤ（ｎ＝９）分别为２．２和２．７％，检出限分别为０．０７和０．２５μｇ／ｍＬ。在１．０ｇ头发样品中加入２０．０μｇ铝，其回收率分     

激光蒸发进样ICP－AES测定地质祥品中的钡和锶

本文讨论了用连续ＣＯ＿２激光器蒸发地质粉末样品，ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ测定Ｂａ和Ｓｒ。在样品中加入适量的粘合剂和石墨粉混匀压饼，用激光全部蒸发。在蒸发室出口处加入了一只多层多孔过滤器，一定程度上改善了系统长时间工作的稳定性。对影响激光采样和ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ分析性能的参数进行了研究。实验结果表明，连续激光蒸发地质粉末样品、ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ测定Ｂａ、Ｓｒ，大部分分析结果满意。在选择的系统条件下，Ｂａ、Ｓｒ的检出限分别为２．６μｇ·ｇ￣－１和３．０μｇ·ｇ￣－１；精密度ＲＳＤ分别为６．３％（４７０μｇ·ｇ￣－１）和５．６％（５２μｇ·ｇ￣－１）     

NdCl3—SrCl2—MgCl2三元体系相图的研究

借助于ＤＴＡ研究了ＮｄＣｌ３－ＳｒＣｌ２－ＭｇＣｌ２三元体系相图。发现体系内有对应于ＮｄＣｌ３、ＳｒＣｌ２、ＭｇＣｌ２和Ｓｒ３ＮｄＣｌ９的四个液相面、五条二次结晶线、一个三元低共熔点Ｅ（２７．０ｗｔ．％ＮｄＣｌ３，４２．５ｗｔ．％ＳｒＣｌ３，３０．５ｗｔ．％ＭｇＣｌ２；５２６℃）和三元转熔点Ｐ（２４．０ｗｔ．％ＮｄＣｌ３，４４．５ｗｔ．％ＳｒＣｌ２，３１．５ｗｔ．％ＭｇＣｌ２；５３２℃）。体系内有     

类氦离子1,3P激发态Schrodinger方程的直接解

利用相关函数（ＣＦ）－超球谐（ＨＨ）－广义Ｌａｇｕｅｒｒｅ（ＧＬＦ）方法直接求解类氦离子ｎ＾１,３Ｐ（ｎ＝１,２,３）低躺激发态的Ｓｃｈｒ¨／ｏｄｉｎｇｅｒ方程,得氦原子的本征能量分别为－２．１３３１７Ｅｈ（１＾３Ｐ）,－２．１２３８３Ｅｈ（１＾１Ｐ）,－２．０５８１０Ｅｈ（２＾３Ｐ）,－２．０５５１６Ｅｈ（２＾１Ｐ）,－２．０３２３５Ｅｈ（３＾３Ｐ）和－２．０３１０９Ｅｈ（３＾１Ｐ）,它们与文献     

电热蒸发ICP-AES法直接测定人血清中微量元素

建立了悬浮体制样电热蒸发电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ETVICPAES)直接测定人血清中微量元素(Cu,Cr,Fe)的方法。采用聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)悬浮体为化学改进剂,以促进待测物的蒸发,改善方法的分析性能。研究了影响待测元素信号强度的主要因素。在优化实验条件下,方法的检出限为14ng·mL-1(Cu)和29ng·mL-1(Fe),相对标准偏差小于60%。     

A model of laser ablation with temperature-dependent material properties,vaporization, phase explosion and plasma shielding

Laser ablation of metals using nanosecond pulses occurs mainly due to vaporization. However, at high fluences, when the target is heated close to its critical temperature, phase explosion also occurs due to homogeneous nucleation. Due to a wide variation in target temperature, the material properties also show a considerable variation. In this paper, a model of laser ablation is presented that considers vaporization and phase explosion as mechanisms of material removal and also accounts for the variation in material properties up to critical temperature using some general and empirical theories. In addition, plasma shielding due to inverse bremsstrahlung and photo-ionization is considered. The model predicts accurately (within 5 %) the phase explosion threshold fluence of Al. The predictions of ablation depth by the model are in reasonable agreement with experimental measurements at low fluences. Whereas, the degree of error marginally increases at high laser fluences.     

烟叶中微量元素的电热蒸发ICP-AES法直接分析研究

本文以聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)悬浮体为化学改进剂,采用悬浮体制样电热蒸发(ETV)ICP-AES法直接测定了烟叶中微量元素(Cu,Fe,Al,Cr,Mn)的含量。研究了待测物的氟化蒸发行为,考察了化学改进剂PTFE浓度、灰化温度、蒸发温度、共存离子对待测物信号强度的影响。在优化实验条件下,方法的检出限为3.8ng·mL~(-1)(Cu)～13ng·mL~(-1)(Fe),相对标准偏差为2.5％(Cu)～5.7％(Cr),回收率在91.0％～112％。     

电热蒸发ICP-AES法测定ZrO2中Fe,Al和Ni

以聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)悬浮体为化学改进剂,采用原位分离基体电热蒸发电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ETV-ICP-AES)测定了二氧化锆中痕量杂质Fe,Al和Ni.考察了灰化温度、灰化时间、蒸发温度、基体浓度等因素对待测物信号强度的影响.在优化实验条件下,方法的检出限为4.2ng·mL-1(Al)～11ng·mL-1(Fe),相对标准偏差为3.1%(Al)～4.9%(Ni).     

X光激光研究中的等离子体状态诊断

在预作X光激光增益介质的中Z靶(象锗靶)中均匀掺人少量的低Z元素(象铝),利用后者的类氦谱线强度比确定了等离子体状态;同时还在PLTE近似下由锗线的强度比确定了等离子体状态,二者基本吻合。     

Cavitation nucleation agents for nonthermal ultrasound therapy

The use of a nucleation-promoting agent can greatly enhance therapeutically useful nonthermal bioeffects. A blank agent (saline), Optison ultrasound contrast agent, a stabilized perfluoropentane droplet suspension (SDS), and retained air space were compared as nucleation agents in whole blood. Fresh canine whole blood with added agent was exposed in 1.3-ml disposable pipette bulbs to lithotripter shock waves (2-Hz rate; +24.4, -5.2 MPa peak pressure amplitudes). Cavitation activity was assessed by measuring hemolysis. The droplet suspension performed nearly as well as retained air when added at a concentration sufficient to provide a roughly equal volume of gas after vaporization. Optison also yielded nucleation, but a concentration of 10%-20% was needed for large enhancement of hemolysis comparable to 5% SDS. Exposure at room temperature, which was less than the 29 degrees C boiling point of perfluoropentane, eliminated the enhancement of the hemolysis effect relative to the blank. Application of 100-kPa excess pressure during exposure reduced but did not eliminate the nucleation ability of Optison, SDS, or retained air. However, this small pressure (relative to the peak positive pressure of the shock waves) eliminated the hemolysis induced with the blank agent. The stabilized perfluoropentane droplet suspension appears to be a good nucleation agent for nonthermal ultrasound therapy applications.     

激光剥蚀-电感耦合等离子体质谱测定植物样品中的元素

采用193 nm准分子激光剥蚀-电感耦合等离子体质谱(LA-ICP-MS)对标准植物粉末样品(GBW07602-GBW07603灌木枝叶、GBW07604杨树叶、GBW07605茶叶、GBW08514烟草)中13种元素(Li,B,Na,Mg,Al,K,Ca,Cr,Mn,Fe,Ni,Cu,Ba)进行定量测试.向植物粉末样...     

微波消解-ICP-AES法测定新疆贯叶连翘中的微量元素

微波溶样技术具有方便快捷、节约试剂、污染少和样品溶解完全等特点。采用HNO3 HClO4 (5∶1)作消解剂进行微波溶样 ,利用ICP法同时测定新疆贯叶连翘中Fe ,Ca,Mg ,Zn ,Mn ,Cu ,Na ,K ,Al,Ba,Pb和Cr等元素 ,进行了微波消化条件的选择及消化结果精密度实验 ,方法的回收率在 93 2 %～ 10 3 0 % ,测定的RSD(n =11)在 0 4 %～ 2 9%之间。并利用国家标准物质灌木枝叶GBW0 76 0 2验证了方法的准确度 ,测定值与标准值基本吻合。实验结果表明 ,此方法获得了满意的精密度和准确度。     

A Photoionization TOF Mass Spectrometric Investigation on Neutral Aluminum Clusters

IntensiveinvestigationshavebeenPerformedonaluminumclustersrecently,mainlyinattemptstotestanddevelopideasaboutmetalclusters,aconcentrativetopicofwhichistotestthevalidityoftheelectronicshel]modelsforaluminumclusters.Intheelectronicshellmodels,metalclustersaresimplifiedasvalenceelectronsmovingaroundasphericalorspheroidalpositively--chargedbackground,wherethevalenceelectronswithinaclusteraredelocalizedandthedetailedatomicconfigurationplayaminorrole.Suchsimplifiedmodelscanexplainmostofthediscontinu…     

Investigation of pulsed laser ablation process of Hg0.8Cd0.2Te

The vaporization threshold was measured under the irradiation of 1.064-μm, 10-ns pulsed laser. Then we calculated the vaporization temperature based on the conservation law of energy and analyzed the vaporization time based on our established model. These results coincided well with the information from the micrograph of scanning electron microscope (SEM) and the spectra of the plasma. Besides, the laser ablation rate was also computed and discussed theoretically.