光学-射频双光子耦合作用下的电磁诱导透明和电磁诱导吸收

在通常的Λ型三能级系统中,光学耦合场和探测场分别激发两个不同的光学跃迁,探测吸收谱呈现电磁诱导透明(EIT)特性.若将此系统拓展为光学-射频双光子耦合场和探测场共同作用下的准Λ型四能级系统,探测吸收谱呈现电磁诱导吸收(EIA)和EIT两种特性.通过求解系统的密度矩阵方程,分析了EIA和EIT的产生条件,并给出了相应的缀饰态解释.研究结果表明,在准Λ型四能级系统中,光学耦合场对EIA和EIT的形成起决定作用,共振时出现EIA,非共振时出现EIT,而且EIA和EIT的线宽随着光学耦合场拉比频率的增大而增加. 关键词： 电磁诱导透明 电磁诱导吸收 射频场 光学耦合场     

四能级原子系统中的电磁诱导吸收

以三个电偶极跃迁(中间跃迁作为探测跃迁、两边分别是耦合跃迁和控制跃迁)构成N型四能级系统为例，研究介质对探测光的吸收.揭示了在N型四能级系统中，既可产生电磁诱导吸收又可产生电磁诱导透明.这不仅取决于非相干转移率的大小，而且还取决于耦合场、控制场的强度和第四个简并能级的衰减速率大小. 关键词： 电磁诱导吸收 电磁诱导透明 原子相干的自发转移 能级的衰减速率     

激光场线宽对电磁诱导吸收效应的影响

采用密度矩阵方程,在引入激光场线宽的条件下,计算了三个电偶极跃迁构成N型四能级系统中介质对探测场的吸收,从而研究激光场线宽对电磁诱导吸收效应的影响.结果表明:随着激光场线宽增大,原子相干将会减弱,从而抑制电磁诱导吸收.     

闭合Λ型4能级系统中的电磁诱导透明和电磁诱导吸收

准Λ型4能级系统具有电磁诱导吸收(EIA)和电磁诱导透明(EIT)两种特性.准Λ型4能级系统包括两个基态精细结构能级和两个激发态精细结构能级,除光学耦合场和探测场外,附加了一个射频场作用于两个激发态精细结构能级之间.若对此系统进行拓展,在两个基态精细结构能级之间引入一个驱动场,则构成4场作用下的闭合Λ型4能级系统.本文对新引进的驱动场的作用规律进行了重点研究.研究结果表明,当驱动场和射频场的Rabi频率满足不同关系时,系统呈现EIA或EIT两种不同特性,探测吸收曲线的整体轮廓也随之改变.     

电磁诱导下Y型四能级原子系统的左手效应

采用了一个闭合的Y型四能级原子系统,在多模光场的作用下,利用量子相干技术使其实现介质的左手效应,使介质具备左手材料特性.在相互作用表象下,考虑偶极近似和旋转波近似利用密度矩阵方程并结合相关条件下的有关公式进行理论计算.数值模拟结果显示:在合适的参量条件下,介质的相对介电常量和相对磁导率可以同时出现负值,产生了左手效应,相应的介质转化为左手材料.在弱探测场条件下,当探测光的拉比频率增加时,介质实现左手效应的频率范围减小并且与之相对应的折射率和吸收系数也发生变化.通过讨论在左手效应成立的条件下介质对光场的吸收和增益问题,结果表明:在弱探测场条件下,利用电磁诱导的方法也可以实现介质的左手效应,使得左手材料在实验上的实现也得到了进一步的扩展,同时也扩展了电磁诱导的应用领域.     

电磁诱导下Y型四能级原子系统的左手效应

采用了一个闭合的Y型四能级原子系统,在多模光场的作用下,利用量子相干技术使其实现介质的左手效应,使介质具备左手材料特性. 在相互作用表象下,考虑偶极近似和旋转波近似,利用密度矩阵方程并结合相关条件下的有关公式进行理论计算. 数值模拟结果显示：在合适的参量条件下,介质的相对介电常量和相对磁导率可以同时出现负值,产生了左手效应,相应的介质转化为左手材料.在弱探测场条件下,当探测光的拉比频率增加时,介质实现左手效应的频率范围减小并且与之相对应的折射率和吸收系数也发生变化. 通过讨论在左手效应成立的条件下介质对光场的吸收和增益问题,结果表明：在弱探测场条件下,利用电磁诱导的方法也可以实现介质的左手效应,使得左手材料在实验上的实现也得到了进一步的扩展,同时也扩展了电磁诱导的应用领域.     

调谐耦合场作用下的电磁诱导透明和增益

在通常的A型三能级系统中,耦合场和探测场分别与一对光学跃迁能级发生相互作用,使探测吸收曲线上出现线宽极窄的电磁诱导透明(Electromagnetically Induced Transparency,EIT)特性.本文采用调谐耦合场同时激励两个基态精细结构能级与激发态能级之间的跃迁,使系统同时呈现EIT和自发诱导相干...     

电磁诱导透明介质中探测场量子噪声特性的实验研究

利用平衡零拍探测测量电磁诱导透明(EIT)介质中探测场的正交振幅和正交相位噪声谱。在平衡零拍探测系统中通过调节压电陶瓷来改变本振光的光程从而改变本振光与探测光的相对相位,进而测量不同相位对应的探测光的噪声分量。实验中电磁诱导透明介质中探测光与耦合光耦合导致探测光噪声的增大,发现在耦合光不同失谐下对探测光不同正交分量引入的额外噪声是不同的,同时得到了探测光噪声与耦合光功率及分析频率的关系。     

双耦合场作用下的Mollow七峰谱

对双耦合A型三能级系统中Mollow谱线上叠加的新的透明和吸收特性进行了理论研究.若基态能级包括两条精细结构简并能级,强耦合场和探测场作用于激发态能级和第一条基态精细结构能级之间,另一个弱耦合场作用于激发态能级和第二条基态精细结构能级之间,则构成了双耦合A型三能级系统.通过调谐强耦合场的频率失谐量,探测吸收谱线中不仅得到了典型的Mollow三峰失谐谱,还出现了电磁诱导透明(EIT)和电磁诱导吸收(EIA)等新现象,形成了Mollow七峰谱.该文进一步分析了EIT和EIA的位置与耦合场参数之间的关系,并用缀饰态理论做出了解释.     

耦合场失谐对闭合Λ型四能级系统中电磁诱导透明和电磁诱导吸收的影响

电磁诱导透明(EIT)和电磁诱导吸收(EIA)是光与物质相互作用中表现出来的奇特的非线性效应,对其形成机理及非线性特性的研究具有重要的理论意义和巨大的潜在应用价值.构建一个闭合Λ型四能级系统包括两个基态精细结构能级和两个激发态精细结构能级,除耦合场和探测场外,还附加了两个射频场分别作用于激发态精细结构能级和基态精细结构...     

The difference in noise property between the Autlerben Townes splitting medium and the electromagnetically induced transparent medium

The quantum noise of squeezed probe light passing through an atomic system with different electromagnetically induced transparency and Autler-Townes splitting effects is investigated theoretically. It is found that the optimal squeezing preservation of the outgoing probe beam occurs in the strong-coupling-field regime rather than in the weak-coupling-field regime. In the weak-coupling-field regime, which was recently recognized as the electromagnetically induced transparency regime (Abi-Salloum T Y 2010 Phys. Rev. A bf81 053836), the output amplitude noise is affected mainly by the atomic noise originating from the random decay process of atoms. While in the strong-coupling-field regime, defined as the Autler-Townes splitting regime, the output amplitude noise is affected mainly by the phase-to-amplitude conversion noise. This is useful in improving the quality of the experiment for efficient quantum memory, and hence has an application in quantum information processing.     

Optical absorption and electromagnetically induced transparency in semiconductor quantum well driven by intense terahertz field

An approach for solving the excitonic absorption in a semiconductor quantum well driven by an intense terahertz field is presented.The formalism relies on the stationary single-photon Schro¨dinger equation in the full quantum mechanical framework.The optical absorption dynamics in both weak and strong couplings are discussed and compared.The excitonic absorption spectra show the Autler-Townes doublets for the resonance terahertz field,a replica peak for the non-resonance terahertz field,and the electromagnetically induced transparency phenomenon for modulating the decay rate of the second electron state in the weak coupling.In particular,the electromagnetically induced transparency phenomenon window range is discussed.In the strong coupling region,the multi-order energy level resonance splitting due to the strong optical field is found.There are three(non-resonance terahertz field) or four(resonance terahertz field) peaks in the optical absorption spectra.This work provides a simple and convenient approach to deal with the optical absorption in the exciton system.     

The difference in noise property between the Autler-Townes splitting medium and the electromagnetically induced transparent medium

The quantum noise of squeezed probe light passing through an atomic system with different electromagnetically induced transparency and Autler-Townes splitting effects is investigated theoretically.It is found that the optimal squeezing preservation of the outgoing probe beam occurs in the strong-coupling-field regime rather than in the weakcoupling-field regime.In the weak-coupling-field regime,which was recently recognized as the electromagnetically induced transparency regime(Abi-Salloum T Y 2010 Phys.Rev.A 81 053836),the output amplitude noise is affected mainly by the atomic noise originating from the random decay process of atoms.While in the strong-coupling-field regime,defined as the Autler-Townes splitting regime,the output amplitude noise is affected mainly by the phase-toamplitude conversion noise.This is useful in improving the quality of the experiment for efficient quantum memory,and hence has an application in quantum information processing.     

Electromagnetically Induced Transparency and Absorption of A Monochromatic Light Controlled by a Radio Frequency Field

Electromagnetically induced transparency and absorption of a monochromatic light controlled by a radio frequency field in the cold multi-Zeeman-sublevel atoms are theoretically investigated. These Zeeman sublevels are coupled by a radio frequency(RF) field. Both electromagnetically induced transparency and electromagnetically induced absorption can be obtained by tuning the frequency of RF field for both the linear polarization and elliptical polarization monochromatic lights. When the transfer of coherence via spontaneous emission from the excited state to the ground state is considered, electromagnetically induced absorption can be changed into electromagnetically induced transparency with the change of intensity of radio field. The transparency windows controlled by the RF field can have potential applications in the magnetic-field measurement and quantum information processing.     

Rydberg原子的微波电磁感应透明-Autler-Townes光谱

主要研究了室温下微波场缀饰的铯Rydberg原子的电磁感应透明-Autler-Townes(EIT-AT)光谱.首先,以铯原子6S_(1/2)→6P_(3/2)→50S_(1/2)形成阶梯型三能级系统,利用强耦合光作用于6P_(3/2)→50S_(1/2)的Rydberg跃迁,弱探测光耦合基态跃迁6S_(1/2)→6P_(3/2)并探测由耦合光形成的电磁感应透明(EIT)效应.然后,以频率为30.582 GHz的微波电场耦合相邻的Rydberg能级50S_(1/2)→50P_(1/2)产生微波AT分裂.利用Rydberg EIT探测微波耦合相邻Rydberg能级产生的AT分裂,形成EIT-AT光谱,进而实现微波电场的测量.当微波场的强度增加到一定值时,EIT-AT光谱表现为多峰光谱结构.分析EIT-AT多峰光谱的成因,发现这主要是由场的不均匀性导致的,一定的EIT-AT光谱特征对应于特定的非均匀场分布.研究表明,利用Rydberg EIT-AT光谱可以实现微波电场的测量,利用其光谱特征可实现微波场的实时监测,进而提出了一种提高微波场空间分辨率的测量方法.     

Electromagnetically Induced Transparency: Answering a Question of Romain

At the request of Romain, I derive analytical results describing the response of a three-level medium subjected to a strong pump beam and two weak probe beams. All three beams have a constant intensity. The results are the real and imaginary parts of the medium coherence, which is related to the nonlinear susceptibility. The main feature is that the three beams mix absorption and dispersion. There is a finite window of gain bounded by a point of electromagnetically induced transparency. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Switching from positive to negative absorption with electromagnetically induced transparency in circuit quantum electrodynamics

We present a theoretical study of electromagnetically induced transparency(EIT) in a superconducting quantum circuit with a tunable V-shaped energy spectrum derived from two superconducting Josephson charge qubits coupled with each other through a superconducting quantum interference device. Using the density matrix formalism and the steady-state approximation, we obtain the analytical expressions of the first-order matrix element associated with the absorption and dispersion of the probe field for two different V-type schemes. Our results show that, for this superconducting quantum system, it is possible to realize a remarkable phenomenon that dynamic conversion between EIT and EIT with amplification without population inversion. Such a unique optical feature has potential applications in quantum optical devices and quantum information processing.     

四能级原子系统中电磁感应吸收的相位控制

在以三个电偶极跃迁构成简并N型四能级系统中,利用密度矩阵方程计算了介质对探测场的吸收,研究了激光场拉比相位对吸收的影响.结果表明:介质对探测场的吸收和放大取决于控制场和信号场的拉比相位,且吸收和放大随控制场、信号场的拉比相位改变而作周期性变化,周期为2π;而探测场的拉比相位变化对吸收没有影响.同时,控制场、信号场拉比相位对吸收的影响是相同的,而且拉比相位主要影响原子相干,对原子布居影响不大.     

里德伯电磁感应透明中的相位

本文在典型的里德伯电磁感应透明系统中研究弱探测场在相互作用原子系统中的传播特性,重点关注基于偶极阻塞效应的探测场相位的合作光学非线性行为.通过与探测场透射率和光子关联作对比,发现相位的光学响应具有新特性:共振和Autler-Townes劈裂条件下相位对入射场强和初始光子关联不敏感,而在两者之间的频率范围内相位响应具有非线性特征,尤其在经典光频率处最显著.此外,提高主量子数和原子密度都会促进相位的非线性效应.综上,与探测场透射率和光子关联一样,相位可以作为合作光学非线性的另一个标识来刻画非线性现象,对里德伯电磁感应透明研究是一个有力的补充.