火试金富集-电感耦合等离子体发射光谱(ICP-OES)法测定分银渣中的铂、钯

采用火试金富集得到贵金属合粒,经王水溶解,在王水(10%)介质下采用全谱直读电感耦合等离子体发射光谱(ICP-OES)法测定分银渣中铂、钯的含量。方法精密度好,准确度高,铂、钯的加标回收率在98.4%~102%,可以很好地满足分银渣中铂、钯含量的测定。     

电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱（ICP-AES）法测定高镍铜液体样品中金、钯、铂

为实现中控液体物料中金、钯、铂元素的精准定量分析,为工艺生产定向富集和高效提取提供数据支持,本文建立了ICP—AES法测定中控冶炼系统中高镍铜液体样品中金、铂和钯3种元素含量的测定方法。确定了试液用碲共沉淀,贵金属进入滤渣,经火试金分离富集得到贵金属合粒,合粒经王水溶解后,于王水介质中在电感耦合等离子光谱仪上同时测定金钯铂的量。该方法金、铂、钯的测定范围为 0.014mg/L～5mg/L,回收率为92.2%～104.4%, RSD为3.21%～10.58%,方法满足高镍、铜液体样品中金、钯、铂元素的测定。     

电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定镍矿石中的铂和钯

建立了测定镍矿石中铂和钯含量的电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法。借鉴铜阳极泥中铂钯的经典测定方法YS/T 745.3–2010,在用该方法测定含有较低含量的银铂钯样品时,铂钯难以准确测定。根据样品特性,试样先进行焙烧,除去杂质元素硫,通过补加纯银提高银金比例,优化并建立了镍矿石中铂钯含量的分析谱线和最佳工作条件,测定快速,结果准确。该方法适用于铂、钯含量为0.10～20 g/t的镍矿石的测定,铂的回收率为99.01%～100.00%,相对标准偏差为1.35%(n=10),钯的回收率为99.06%～100.00%,相对标准偏差为1.06%(n=10)。该法尤其适用于铂、钯含量低于0.2 g/t的大批量镍矿石的测定。     

浊点萃取-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定植物样品中的痕量铂与钯

建立了浊点萃取电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定植物样品中痕量铂与钯的方法,方法检出限分别为0.17 ng/g和0.10 ng/g,样品加标回收率在85%～110%之间。利用建立的方法对采自北京环路旁的植物样品进行了测定,铂与钯含量范围分别为0.35～5.35 ng/g和1.95～10.85 ng/g,钯的含量普遍高于铂的含量。     

光度法直接测定原生富铂矿及浮选精矿中痕量铂、钯的研究

报道了一个不经预分离富集 ,光度法直接测定原生富铂矿及浮选精矿中的铂、钯的方法。考察了矿样分解方法 ,测定条件的选择 ,大量铁、镍、铜等 2 0余种共存元素的干扰及消除 ,测定方法的精密度和准确度等。在 SG-1 (原生富铂矿 )和 SG98-A(浮选精矿 )样品中 ,测得铂的含量为 5.96± 0 .2 7μg/ g和 2 7.9± 0 .70 μg/ g,钯的含量为 7.71± 0 .2 5μg/ g和 3 9.2± 1 .0 0 μg/ g,结果与铅试金富集法一致。     

火试金富集-ICP-AES法测定锡阳极泥中的铂、钯

确立了火试金富集-电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定锡阳极泥中铂、钯的分析方法。在实验确定的分析谱线及最佳工作条件下,方法测定铂,钯的加标回收率在95%~98%,相对标准偏差(n=8)均小于3%。方法简便、快速,能够满足日常分析对锡阳极泥中铂、钯的测定要求。     

Kalman滤波流动注射化学发光法同时测定铂钯的研究

利用Luminol H2O2 OP Pt(Pd)化学发光新体系以及Kalman滤波化学计量学方法建立了流动注射化学发光法同时测定铂钯的新方法。方法的检出限:铂为2.2×10-8g mL、钯为2.4×10-8g mL,铂钯相对标准偏差分别为0.9%和3%。采用阳离子交换树脂静态吸附分离,消除贱金属离子的干扰。可用于贫铂矿中铂、钯的同时测定。     

双硫腙萃取双波长系数倍率法测定铂和钯的研究及应用

在1mol/L盐酸溶液中,当氯化亚锡存在时,用双硫腙溶液同时萃取铂和钯,双波长系数倍率法测定。测定铂时,λ_1为600nm、λ_2为710nm,K=7,测定钯时,λ_1为720nm。λ_2为638nm,K=3.5。铂和钯均在0～1.0μg/ml浓度范围内符合比尔定律,表观摩尔吸光系数分别为2.01×10~5L·mol~(-1)·cm~(-1)和1.10×10~5L·mol~(-1)·cm~(-1)。本文还探讨了氯化亚锡在萃取反应中的作用机理。方法简便、选择性好,用于地质样品中痕量铂和钯的测定,可获得满意的结果。     

微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定车用催化剂中铂、钯、铑

提出了电感耦合等离子体质谱法同时测定车用催化剂中铂、钯和铑的含量。样品0.100 0g经盐酸6mL、硝酸3mL、氢氟酸1mL和水4mL消解,选择195Pt、105Pd和103 Rh为待测同位素。铂、钯和铑的检出限(3σ)分别为0.003,0.5,0.002μg·L-1。方法用于5种催化剂样品的分析,测定结果与另两家实验室测定结果相一致。铂、钯和铑的回收率在85.5%～101%之间。     

碱熔-碲共沉淀分离-ICP-OES法测定脱氧催化剂中的铂钯含量

采用碱熔-碲共沉淀分离富集、电感耦合等离子体发射光谱(ICP-OES)法测定脱氧催化剂中铂、钯的含量。研究了碱熔和碲共沉淀富集分离的条件,并确定了ICP-OES法测定铂、钯的条件。结果表明,过氧化钠熔解-碲共沉淀法能够充分分离富集样品中的铂、钯,方法的检出限分别为4.6μg/L,7.2μg/L;相对标准偏差分别为1.3%,1.5%;加标回收率分别为98.2%~101%,97.6~101%。方法简单可靠,完全满足样品中铂、钯含量分析的要求,已经应用于生产样品的分析。     

自动电位滴定法测定铜冶炼分银渣中的银量刘秋波

铜冶炼分银渣是铜阳极泥冶炼过程的副产品,但其还有一定量的银等贵金属,准备测定银的含量具有重要的意义。由于分银渣中除含有大量的银外,还含有铅、碲、铋、金、铂等元素,造成后续的处理比较复杂。本实验采用自动电位滴定法直接测定分银渣中的银量,避免了处理合粒复杂过程。实验讨论了硅酸度、氧化铅用量、杂志干扰等因素对银含量测定结果的影响。银的加标回收率在98.4%～99.3%之间,方法精密高,可满足分析检测的需要。     

Extractive separation of platinum from macroamounts of palladium using triphenylphosphine oxide and its successive spectrophotometric determination by the stannous chloride method

Trialkylphosphine oxides extract more effectively chloride complexes of platinum than of palladium(II). Of the examined tributylphosphine (TBPO), trioctylphosphine (TOPO), and triphenylphosphine (TPPO) oxides the latter one makes possible best separation of these metals.The extraction of platinum with TPPO from solutions containing platinum and palladium unfavorably decreases with increasing palladium concentration. Using 0.1 M TPPO solution in dichloroethane, at HCl concentration 7.5 M, it is possible to separate 2–200 μg Pt/ml at a palladium concentration not higher than 10 mg/ml.Separation of platinum from macroamounts of palladium has been combined with spectrophotometric determination of platinum by means of stannous chloride. The method has been applied to the analysis of palladium for platinum content.     

Pt/Pd/C catalysts with ultra low platinum content for oxygen reduction reaction

The activity of Pt/Pd/C ETEK catalysts of the core-shell type with an ultralow content of platinum (0.5–15 μg cm^?2) based on a commercial palladium catalyst is shown to exceed the activity of commercial Pt/C ETEK catalysts in the oxygen reduction reaction. The activity sharply increases with the decrease in the platinum content down to values corresponding to monolayer and submonolayer of platinum on palladium. This dependence wasn’t observed for the same amounts of platinum deposited on the carbon support Vulcan XC-72. This makes it possible to conclude that the most probable factor responsible for the high catalytic activity of Pt/Pd/C ETEK is the effect of palladium on the electronic properties of platinum rather than the effect of structural modification of the platinum deposit induced by the decrease in the platinum amount deposited on a foreign metal or a carbon support.     

火试金减杂-电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法（ICP-AES）法测定高冰镍的金、银、铂、钯含量

建立了火试金减杂-电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法（ICP-AES）测定高冰镍中金、银、铂、钯含量的分析方法。实验采用火试金富集、熔融、灰吹得到合粒,通过减杂法得到银含量,通过ICP-AES法测定得到金、铂、钯含量。金、银、铂、钯的加标回收率在99.53%-101.83%之间,相对标准偏差小于3%。此方法快速、简洁,准确度高、精密度好,能够满足高冰镍的测定需求。     

Determination of platinum and palladium in geological materials by neutron-activation analysis after fire-assay preconcentration

Fire-asay preconcentration followed by neutron-activation analysis permits the determination of as little as 0.5 ppM of platinum and 0.5 ppM of palladium on a 20-g sample. Platinum and palladium are separated with carriers and beta-counted. Results for the platinum and palladium content of seven U.S.G.S. standard rocks are presented.     

Fire assay collection of platinum and palladium by copper

Summary Metallic copper may be used for the quantitative collection of platinum and palladium by fire assay. The collector is obtained by reduction of the copper oxide normally present in the roasted ore, or added artificially when insufficiently present. The method supplements the one previously described for the collection of platinum and palladium from iron-copper-nickel alloys formed by a similar reduction. The high temperature required for the latter is reduced to that provided by standard assay furnaces by increasing the copper content of the charge. The resulting copper button is parted in hydrochloric and nitric acids and the copper is removed by cation exchange resins. The precious metal content is determined by standard methods. Losses of precious metal to slag, pot wall, siliceous parting residue, and ion exchange resin, are negligible.

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Zusammenfassung Zur quantitativen Sammlung von Platin und Palladium bei dem dokimastischen Verfahren wird metallisches Kupfer empfohlen, das durch Reduktion des im gerösteten Erz vorhandenen oder zugesetzten Kupferoxids erhalten wird. Im Gegensatz zu einem früher beschriebenen Verfahren, bei dem eine Eisen-Kupfer-Nickellegierung verwendet wird, ist bei der jetzt mitgeteilten Methode durch den hohen Kupfergehalt die Temperatur normaler Öfen ausreichend. Der erhaltene Kupferregulus wird mit Salz- und Salpetersäure gelöst und das Kupfer durch Kationenaustausch entfernt. Der Gehalt an Edelmetall wird nach üblichen Methoden bestimmt. Der Anteil an Edelmetall, der von Schlacke, Gefäßwänden, Silicatrückstand und Ionenaustauscher aufgenommen wird, kann vernachlässigt werden.

     

Countercurrent extraction separation of some platinum group metals

Distribution coefficients were determined for the partitioning of the chloro-complexes of platinum, palladium, rhodium, and iridium between tributyl phosphate and various concentrations of hydrochloriic acid. Theoretical calculations based on the experimentally determined distribution coefficients indicated that a seventeen stage countercurrent extraction apparatus would resolve mixtures of platinum and palladium, platinum and rhodium, and rhodium and iridium.Mixtures of platinum and palladium, and platinum and rhodium were resolved in a fashion predicted by theory. Mixtures of rhodium and iridium were not completely resolved.     

Extraction of gold, palladium and platinum from chloride, bromide and iodide solution with di-n-octyl sulphide (DOS) in cyclohexane

The extraction of gold, palladium and platinum from hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid and iodide media by solutions of di-n-octyl sulphide in cyclohexane was examined. From distribution data it was concluded that the monosolvates AuX(3).DOS and disolvates PdX(2).2DOS are extracted. Extraction of platinum was efficient only from iodide solutions; a disolvate PtI(4).2DOS was formed. The possibility of separation of gold and palladium from platinum by extraction from bromide or chloride solutions and simultaneous extraction of palladium and platinum from an iodide medium was demonstrated.     

Electrochemical behaviour ofcis-dichloro(arylisocyanide)(tertiaryphosphine) platinum (II) and palladium(II) complexes in an aprotic solvent

Summary The electrochemical behaviour of neutral platinum(II) and palladium(II) isocyanide complexes has been investigated in an aprotic medium at platinum and mercury electrodes. Platinum(II) derivatives are reduced to platinum(0) species, Palladium(II) compounds give rise to palladium(0) species at room temperature, while at 0° it is possible to obtain palladium(I) compounds.