基于NURBS的极小曲面造型

1 引言极小曲面问题是微分几何领域中一个古老而活跃的问题．在微分几何学中,极小曲面的研究已十分成熟．如何把极小曲面引入CAGD领域,是一个极有价值的课题．文献 [1]提出一种几何构造法,得到了一类三次多项式形式的负高斯曲率极小曲面,将其表示为三次B-B曲面,并将其用到房顶曲面设计当中．文献[2]讨论参数多项式极小曲面,证明了只存在一类三次等温参数极小曲面,并研究了这类曲面的一些基本性质．虽然这些多     

一类具有任意次数的参数多项式极小曲面

极小曲面是在几何造型设计中有着重要应用的一类特殊曲面.本文从几何造型的视角提出一类次数任意的参数多项式极小曲面.所提出的极小曲面具有显式的参数表示,并具有一些重要的几何性质,如对称性、包含直线和自交性.根据几何性质,本文将该参数多项式极小曲面划分为4类:n=4k+1,n=4k+2,n=4k+3,n=4+4,其中n是极小曲面的次数,k是正整数.本文给出与之相对应的共轭极小曲面的显式参数形式,并实现其等距变形.     

R~3中曲面的广义Weierstrass公式

<正> 在三维欧氏空间R~3中极小曲面的最基本的公式是所谓的Weierstrass表示公式([2]),它把极小曲面的研究和复变函数联系了起来,这种表示公式有广泛而深刻的应用.K.Kenmotsu在1979年([3])给出了R~3中有指定中曲率的曲面用Gauss映射的表示公式,并且得到一个重要的结果:任意给定非零常数H及从M(作为黎曼面)到黎曼     

开平面C上的亚纯函数与完备极小曲面的Gauss映射

设■:D→R~3确定了以等温参数表示的极小曲面M,其中D是全平面R~2的开子区域,那么极小曲面的Gauss映射g(z)是D上的亚纯函数.Xavier与Chao提出了一个尚未解决的问题:任意给定区域■上的亚纯函数g(z),它是否是某完备极小曲面的Gauss映射?本文证明了若开平面C上的亚纯函数g(z)的零点列或极点列的收敛指数小于1/2,则g(z)—定是某完备极小曲面的Gauss映射.     

计算机辅助几何设计中极小曲面造型的研究进展

极小曲面在工程领域有着广泛应用,因此将其引入计算机辅助几何设计领域具有重要意义.详细概述了近年来计算机辅助几何设计领域中极小曲面造型的研究工作,按照造型方法的不同,可将现有工作分为精确造型方法和逼近造型方法两类.精确造型方法主要包括两个部分:某些特殊极小曲面的控制网格表示与构造;等温参数多项式极小曲面的挖掘与性质.逼近造型方法主要包括3个部分t基于数值计算的逼近方法;基于线性偏微分方程的逼近方法;基于能量函数最优化的逼近方法.最后对这些方法进行了分析比较,并讨论了极小曲面造型中有待进一步解决的问题.     

S~4内的常数量曲率的紧致超曲面

本文把关于S~4内极小超曲面的一个Pinching定理推广到S~4内的常中曲率及常数量曲率的超曲面的情形,设M为这样的超曲面,记S和H分别为M第二基本形长度之平方和中曲率,证明了:如果S≤H~2 6,则M只能取1/3H~2,3/4H~2或上H~2 6这四个数,当H=0时,此结果即为上述的S~4内极小超曲面的Pinching定理。     

S~4内的常数量曲率的紧致超曲面

本文把关于 S~4内极小超曲面的一个 Pinching 定理推广到 S~4内的常中曲率及常数量曲率的起曲面的情形.设 M 为这样的超曲面,记 S 和 H 分别为 M 的第二基本形长度之平方和中曲率.证明了:如果 S≤H~2 6,则 M 只能取1/3H~2,3/4H~2±1/4 3或 H~2 6这四个数.当 H=0时,此结果即为上述的 S~4内极小超曲面的 Pinching 定理.     

一类极小曲面的不存在性

本文考虑三维 Euclid 空间 R~3中拓扑型为球面的有限全曲率完备嵌入极小曲面.通过对伪嵌入极小曲面的研究,证明了一类嵌入极小曲面的不存在性,并明确了伪嵌入与嵌入极小曲面的差异.     

拟常曲率空间中的2-调和子流形为极小子流形的条件

研究了拟常曲率空间中的2-调和子流形与极小子流形.首先得到了拟常曲率空间中具有平行平均曲率的2-调和子流形为极小子流形的一个较好的充分条件,然后得到了2-调和超曲面与极小超曲面在一定条件下是等价的结论.     

超曲面上极小与极小凸点的分布

本文继续文［1］中的讨论,给出超曲面上点的极小与极小凸性更一般的判别方式,并且对超曲面上极小与极小凸点的分布有了更深刻的认识.作为应用,还证明了超曲面上一个极小点的传递性定理.     

The Riemannian geometry of superminimal surfaces in complex space forms

This paper deals with superminimal surfaces in complex space forms by using the Frenet framing. We formulate explicitly the length squares of the higher fundamental forms and the higher curvatures for superminimal surfaces in terms of the metric of the surface and the Khler angle of the immersion. Particularly, some curvature pinching theorems for minimal 2-spheres in a complex projective space are given and a new characterization of the Veronese sequence is obtained.Supported by the National Natural Science Fundation of China.     

Sym–Bobenko formula for minimal surfaces in Heisenberg space

We give an immersion formula, the Sym–Bobenko formula, for minimal surfaces in the 3-dimensional Heisenberg space. Such a formula can be used to give a generalized Weierstrass type representation and construct explicit examples of minimal surfaces.     

Existence and Uniqueness Theorem for Slant Immersions and Its Applications

A slant immersion is an isometric immersion from a Riemannian manifold into an almost Hermitian manifold with constant Wirtinger angle. In this paper we establish the existence and uniqueness theorem for slant immersions into complex-space-forms. By applying this result, we prove in this paper several existence and nonexistence theorems for slant immersions. In particular, we prove the existence theorems for slant surfaces with prescribed mean curvature or with prescribed Gaussian curvature. We also prove the non-existence theorem for flat minimal proper slant surfaces in non-flat complex space forms.     

Stable complete minimal surfaces in hyperkähler manifolds

In this paper we prove that an isometric stable minimal immersion of a complete oriented surface into a hyperkähler 4-manifold is holomorphic with respect to an orthogonal complex structure, if it satisfies a Bernstein-type assumption on the Gauss-lift. This result generalizes a theorem of Micallef for minimal surfaces in the euclidean 4-space. An example found by Atiyah and Hitchin shows that the assumption on the Gauss-lift is necessary.     

Immersions of surfaces in almost-complex 4-manifolds

In this paper, we investigate the relation between double points and complex points of immersed surfaces in almost-complex 4-manifolds and show how estimates for the minimal genus of embedded surfaces lead to inequalities between the number of double points and the number of complex points of an immersion.

     

Minimal surfaces,Hopf differentials and the Ricci condition

We deal with minimal surfaces in a sphere and investigate certain invariants of geometric significance, the Hopf differentials, which are defined in terms of the complex structure and the higher fundamental forms. We discuss the holomorphicity of Hopf differentials and provide a geometric interpretation for it in terms of the higher curvature ellipses. This motivates the study of a class of minimal surfaces, which we call exceptional. We show that exceptional minimal surfaces are related to Lawson’s conjecture regarding the Ricci condition. Indeed, we prove that, under certain conditions, compact minimal surfaces in spheres which satisfy the Ricci condition are exceptional. Thus, under these conditions, the proof of Lawson’s conjecture is reduced to its confirmation for exceptional minimal surfaces. In fact, we provide an affirmative answer to Lawson’s conjecture for exceptional minimal surfaces in odd dimensional spheres or in S ^4m .     

Complex points of minimal surfaces in almost Kähler manifolds

If (N, ω, J, g) is an almost Kähler manifold andM is a branched minimal immersion which is not aJ-holomorphic curve, we show that the complex tangents are isolated and that each has a negative index, which extends the results in the Kähler case by S. S. Chern and J. Wolfson [2] and S. Webster [7] to almost Kähler manifolds. As an application, we get lower estimates for the genus of embedded minimal surfaces in almost Kähler manifolds. The proofs of these results are based on the well-known Cartan’s moving frame methods as in [2, 7]. In our case, we must compute the torsion of the almost complex structures and find a useful representation of torsion. Finally, we prove that the minimal surfaces in complex projective plane with any almost complex structure is aJ-holomorphic curve if it is homologous to the complex line.     

Minimal Lagrangian surfaces in {\mathbb {CH}^2}and representations of surface groups into SU(2, 1)

We use an elliptic differential equation of ?i?eica (or Toda) type to construct a minimal Lagrangian surface in ${\mathbb {CH}^2}$ from the data of a compact hyperbolic Riemann surface and a cubic holomorphic differential. The minimal Lagrangian surface is equivariant for an SU(2, 1) representation of the fundamental group. We use this data to construct a diffeomorphism between a neighbourhood of the zero section in a holomorphic vector bundle over Teichmuller space (whose fibres parameterise cubic holomorphic differentials) and a neighborhood of the ${\mathbb {R}}$ -Fuchsian representations in the SU(2, 1) representation space. We show that all the representations in this neighbourhood are complex-hyperbolic quasi-Fuchsian by constructing for each a fundamental domain using an SU(2, 1) frame for the minimal Lagrangian immersion: the Maurer–Cartan equation for this frame is the ?i?eica-type equation. A very similar equation to ours governs minimal surfaces in hyperbolic 3-space, and our paper can be interpreted as an analog of the theory of minimal surfaces in quasi-Fuchsian manifolds, as first studied by Uhlenbeck.     

Minimal surfaces in symmetric spaces with parallel second fundamental form

In this paper, we study geometry of isometric minimal immersions of Riemannian surfaces in a symmetric space by moving frames and prove that the Gaussian curvature must be constant if the immersion is of parallel second fundamental form. In particular, when the surface is \(S^2\), we discuss the special case and obtain a necessary and sufficient condition such that its second fundamental form is parallel. We also consider isometric minimal two-spheres immersed in complex two-dimensional Kähler symmetric spaces with parallel second fundamental form, and prove that the immersion is totally geodesic with constant Kähler angle if it is neither holomorphic nor anti-holomorphic with Kähler angle \(\alpha \ne 0\) (resp. \(\alpha \ne \pi \)) everywhere on \(S^2\).     

Complex points of minimal surfaces in almost Kähler manifolds

If (N, ο, J,g) is an almost K?hler manifold and M is a branched minimal immersion which is not a $J$-holomorphic curve, we show that the complex tangents are isolated and that each has a negative index, which extends the results in the K?hler case by S. S. Chern and J. Wolfson [2] and S. Webster [7] to almost K?hler manifolds. As an application, we get lower estimates for the genus of embedded minimal surfaces in almost K?hler manifolds. The proofs of these results are based on the well-known Cartan's moving frame methods as in [2, 7]. In our case, we must compute the torsion of the almost complex structures and find a useful representation of torsion. Finally, we prove that the minimal surfaces in complex projective plane with any almost complex structure is a J-holomorphic curve if it is homologous to the complex line. Received: 10 January 1997 / Revised version: 22 August 1997