α-取代苯乙酰胺类化合物的合成及生物活性

以香草醛和扁桃酸为原料,经过取代、还原等多步反应,得到N-(取代苄氧基)-α-烷氧基苯乙酰胺类化合物及α-苄胺基苯乙酰胺类化合物,其化学结构经1H NMR波谱和高分辨质谱确认.生物活性测定表明,部分化合物对黄瓜霜霉和辣椒疫霉表现出良好的杀菌活性,如N-(3-甲氧基-4-乙氧基苄氧基)-α-乙氧基-4-氯苯乙酰胺在200...     

6-取代-3-（3，4，5-三甲氧基苯基）-1，2，4-三唑[3,4-b][1,3,4]噻二唑的合成与生物活性

以3,4,5-三甲氧基苯甲酸为原料,通过4步反应得到4-氨基-5-(3,4,5-三甲氧基苯基)-3-巯基-1,2,4-三唑,再与取代芳酸反应,得到11个6-取代-3-(3,4,5-三甲氧基苯基)-1,2,4-三唑[3,4-b][1,3,4]噻二唑衍生物5a～5k。其结构经IR,1H NMR,MS和元素分析确证。初步生物活性测试结果表明部分化合物有一定的杀菌活性。     

新型[(吡嗪-3-基)甲氧基]芳酸衍生物的合成及其抗血小板聚集活性

以具有活血化瘀作用的中药有效成分阿魏酸为先导物，利用基于受体结构的理性药物设计方法，设计并合成了6个新化合物[(吡嗪-3-基)甲氧基]芳酸衍生物（6a~6f）。以2-甲基吡嗪和不同取代的芳香酸甲酯为起始原料，经自由基卤代反应、醚化反应和水解反应合成6a~6f，其结构经¹H NMR， ¹³C NMR， IR和MS表征。体外药效筛选结果显示：6a~6f具有明显的抗血小板聚集活性，其中(E)-3-甲氧基-4-(吡嗪-2-甲氧基) 苯丙烯酸(6a)和3-(2-吡嗪甲氧基)-4-甲氧基-苯甲酸(6e)的活性优于奥扎格雷和阿魏酸。(E)-3-甲氧基-4-(吡嗪-2-甲氧基)-苯丙烯酸(6a)的抗血小板聚集活性，优于化合物(E)-3-(4-(吡啶-3-基)甲氧基)-3-甲氧基苯基)丙烯酸。     

3-取代-5-芳基噁唑-4-酮类化合物的合成与生物活性

以香草醛和取代扁桃酸为原料, 经多步反应合成了N-取代苯乙基扁桃酰胺, 在对甲苯磺酸催化下, 和醛脱水关环, 得到一系列新颖的3-取代苯乙基-5-芳基噁唑-4-酮类化合物和N-扁桃酰四氢异喹啉类化合物. 所有化合物通过红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱、元素分析和高分辨质谱对其结构进行表征, 并对其构效关系进行了讨论.     

6-取代苄硫基-3-(3,4,5-三甲氧基苯基)-1,2,4-三唑[3,4-b][1,3,4]噻二唑类化合物的合成与抑菌活性

以4-氨基-5-(3,4,5-三甲氧基苯基)-3-巯基-1,2,4-三唑为原料,环化得到6-巯基-3-(3,4,5-三甲氧基苯基)-1,2,4-三唑[3,4-b][1,3,4]噻二唑再与取代苄氯反应,得到9个6-取代苄硫基-3-(3,4,5-三甲氧基苯基)-1,2,4-三唑[3,4-b][1,3,4]噻二唑类衍生物3a～3i.其结构经IR,1H NMR,MS和元素分析确证.初步生物活性测试结果表明部分化合物有一定的杀菌活性.     

新型含噁唑环结构的氰基丙烯酸酯类衍生物的合成及其生物活性研究

为了从氰基丙烯酸酯类衍生物中寻找新的活性化合物,通过活性基团拼接方法,设计合成了一系列新型含噁唑环结构的氰基丙烯酸酯化合物.初步的除草活性测试结果表明,大部分标题化合物具有较好的除草活性.在剂量为750g/ha时,部分化合物对芥菜的除草活性可达80%~100%,对小藜的抑制率可达90%~100%,对酸模的除草活性可达80%~100%.2-氰基-3-甲硫基-3-{[4-(2-(4-氟苯基)噁唑-4-基)甲硫基]-苯甲基胺基}丙烯酸(2-甲氧基)乙酯(11a)和2-氰基-3-甲硫基-3-{[4-(2-(3,4-二氟苯基)噁唑-4-基)甲硫基]-苯甲基胺基}丙烯酸(2-甲氧基)乙酯(11e)对看麦娘的除草活性分别为70%和60%,对棒头草的抑制率分别为70%和60%.化合物11a对早熟禾的抑制率为70%.此外,化合物11a在150g/ha剂量下对芥菜和酸模的抑制率均达40%.     

1-取代-1H-1,2,3-三唑-4-甲酰胺类化合物的设计合成与生物活性

以吡唑酰胺类杀菌剂为模板,应用"生物等排原理"设计了1,2,3-三唑甲酰胺类具有等排结构的化合物,从丙炔酸出发合成内炔酰胺后,利用Cu(I)催化的1,3-偶极环加成反应,使其与叠氮化合物反应,快速合成了17个结构新颖的1-取代-1H-1,2,3-三唑-4-甲酰胺类化合物.当使用Cu/C催化时,中间体N-(3,4-二甲氧基苯基乙基)丙炔酰胺(4a)与2,2,2-三氟乙基叠氮(14)在三乙胺作添加剂的条件下,可以获得中等收率的偶联的1,2,3-三唑化合物17.所有目标化合物都通过核磁共振氢谱,元素分析或高分辨质谱的确认,并测试了其生物活性.结果表明,该类化合物虽无明显的杀菌活性,但在100μg/mL测试浓度下,化合物6a,6e,6k和61均表现出较好的除草活性.     

6-位修饰的吉非替尼衍生物合成及细胞毒活性研究

以2-氨基-4,5-二甲氧基苯甲酸为起始原料,经关环,选择性脱甲基,醋酸酐保护,氯代,与3-氯-4-氟苯胺取代,去保护得到关键中间体4-(3-氯-4-氟苯胺)-7-甲氧基-喹唑啉-6-醇.再经过6-位羟基成醚、成酯反应合成了共计23个吉非替尼衍生物.所有目标化合物通过IR,1H NMR,13C NMR,HRMS等结构确证.并采用四甲基偶氮唑盐(MTT)法对所得目标化合物进行了细胞毒活性测试,结果发现部分化合物具有一定的抑制活性,其中化合物7b,7c,7d,8a,8m抑制人非小细胞肺癌细胞(A549)增殖活性和化合物7c,8m抑制人肝癌细胞(Hep G-2)增殖活性与吉非替尼相当.     

O-烷基α-(取代苯氧乙酰氧基)烃基膦酸盐的合成与生物活性

为了研究O-烷基α-(取代苯氧乙酰氧基)烃基膦酸衍生物的结构活性关系,以取代苯氧乙酸为起始原料,经氯化亚砜氯化后得中间体2,然后与不同取代的α-羟基烃基膦酸酯(1)反应制备关键中间体3,再与碘化钠或溴化锂反应,合成了14个未见文献报道的O-烷基α-(取代苯氧乙酰氧基)烃基膦酸盐4.通过1H NMR,IR,MS和元素分析对所合成的化合物进行了结构表征.初步的生物活性测试结果表明:大多数目标化合物具有较好的除草活性或杀菌活性.化合物4a在1.5 kg/ha剂量下对所测单、双子叶植物的抑制率均达到了100%;在50μg/g的剂量下,化合物4h~4m对油菜菌核菌和黄瓜灰霉菌的抑制率达到90%以上.     

Lewis碱协助的Lewis酸催化醇脱水合成烯烃及二氢吡喃开环合成2-肉桂基取代1,3-二羰基化合物（英文）

醇脱水是合成烯烃的重要方法之一.全球每年约有15%的苯乙烯是通过1-苯乙醇在酸性条件下脱水反应生产.虽然人们对该反应进行了较为深入的研究,但是当使用活性较高的1-苯乙醇衍生物为底物时,由于得到的取代苯乙烯产物具有较高的反应性,在脱水过程中会发生聚合而导致反应选择性降低,因此有必要探索适宜在高活性1-苯基乙醇脱水反应中应用的催化剂体系.本文借助酸碱协同催化方法考察了1-(4-甲氧基苯基)乙醇制备4-甲氧基苯乙烯的反应.发现三苯基磷与AlC l3构建的Lewis碱/Lewis酸协同催化体系在硝基甲烷中可以接近定量的收率得到4-甲氧基苯乙烯.Lewis碱/Lewis酸协同催化体系有效避免了4-甲氧基苯乙烯的二聚现象.底物拓展研究显示该方法具有很好的底物普适性,对多种取代苯乙烯的收率均超过80%.机理研究表明,1-(4-甲氧基苯基)乙醇在酸作用下先生成碳正离子,三苯基磷作为偶极性的电子给体不但能在一定程度上稳定该苄基碳正离子,而且抑制了其与4-甲氧基苯乙烯之间的亲电反应,进而最大化了脱质子生成4-甲氧基苯乙烯的选择性.将Lewis碱协助的Lewis酸催化提高反应选择性策略用于2-苯基-3,4-二氢吡喃衍生物合成2-肉桂基-1,3-二羰基化合物的开环反应.该类取代二氢吡喃在酸催化剂作用下也可生成苄基碳正离子,但是该中间体易受分子间和分子内亲电反应影响,反应选择性不高.而当使用单质碘/三苯基磷协同催化体系时,2-苯基-3,4-二氢吡喃衍生物能高选择性地实现开环反应,得到反式2-肉桂基-1,3-二羰基化合物.该类1,3-二羰基化合物具有丰富的反应性,是一类重要的合成子.     

Fe2(SO4)3·xH2O CATALYTIC ESTERIFICATION OF MANDELIC ACID WITH ALCOHOLS

Mandelates have played an important role in organic synthesis and are used in artificial flavorings and perfumes. Mandelates may be prepared as follows:1). Direct esterification of mandelic acid with alcohols in the presence of sulfuric acid^1,2 or 2,2-dimethoxypropane and sulfuric acid;³ 2). Treatment mandelic acid and iodide in the presence of sodium hydrogen carbonate;⁴ 3). Treatment mandelic acid and alcohols with thionyl chloride.⁵ But these methods have some advantages and are not universally applicable. For example, the direct esterification catalyzed by sulfuric acid is not suitable for acid sensitive compounds and has the disadvantages of the corrosivity of strong acid and usually accompanying side reactions such as carbonization,oxidation, etherification, etc. We now reported the catalytic esterification of mandelic acid with a serious of alcohols using Fe₂(SO₄)₃·xH₂O as a new convenient catalyst.     

Synthesis, cytotoxicity and pro-apoptosis of novel benzoisoindolin hydrazones as anticancer agents

A series of benzoisoindolin hydrazones as analogues of natural lignan diphyllin were synthesized and the structures of these compounds were established by (1)H-NMR, (13)C-NMR, Mass and high resolution (HR)-MS. The compounds were evaluated for in vitro cytotoxicity against KB, A549 and HCT-116 cancer cell lines by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Compound 4 possessed the highest growth inhibitory effect. Significant apoptosis of HCT-116 cells treated with compound 4 was observed by Hoechst33342-propidium iodide (PI) and acridine orange (AO)-ethidium bromide (EB) staining assay. Western blot analysis disclosed that compound 4 induced apoptosis via the mitochondrial pathway accompanied by an increased expression of Bax and a decreased expression of Bcl-2.     

新型18β-甘草次酸氨基二硫代甲酸酯衍生物的合成及抗癌活性研究

以18β-甘草次酸为原料首先经简单酰胺化反应方便地得到18β-甘草次酸哌嗪,再与二硫化碳、碳酸钾以及不同结构卤代烃"一锅煮"法快速、高效地合成了10种含氨基二硫代甲酸酯结构的新型甘草次酸酰胺类衍生物,通过IR,1H NMR,13C NMR和HR-MS对所有新化合物进行了结构确证;并以四甲基偶氮唑盐比色法(MTT)法评价了该类化合物对人肝癌细胞株SMMC-7721的细胞毒活性.初步生物活性研究结果表明,该类化合物具有明显的抑制人肝癌细胞增殖、诱导其凋亡的细胞毒活性,给药72 h,半抑制浓度IC50最优值仅为14.42μg/mL.     

Investigation of the surfactant type and concentration effect on the retention factors of glutathione and its analogues by micellar electrokinetic chromatography

In the present study, a micellar electrokinetic chromatographic method was used to determine the retention factors of hydrophilic monomeric and homodimeric forms of glutathione analogues. Ionic‐liquid‐based surfactant, 1‐tetradecyl‐3‐methylimidazolium chloride, as well as cetyltrimethylammonium bromide and phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) were employed in the experiments. Since the studied peptides possess a negative charge under physiological conditions, it is expected that the peptides interact with the oppositely charged 1‐tetradecyl‐3‐methylimidazolium chloride and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide micelles via hydrophobically assisted electrostatic forces. The dependence of the retention factor on the micellar concentration of 1‐tetradecyl‐3‐methylimidazolium chloride and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide is nonlinear and the obtained curves converge to a limiting value. The retention factor values of GSH analogues were in the range of 0.36–2.22 for glutathione analogues and –1.21 to 0.37 for glutathione when 1‐tetradecyl‐3‐methylimidazolium chloride was used. When cetyltrimethylammonium bromide was employed, the retention factor values were in the range of 0.27–2.17 for glutathione analogues and –1.22 to 0.06 for glutathione. If sodium dodecyl sulfate was used, the retention factor values of glutathione analogues with carnosine moiety were in the range of –1.54 to 0.38.     

Structure‐cytotoxicity relationship for apoptotic inducers organotin(IV) derivatives of mandelic acid and L‐proline and their mixed ligand complexes having enhanced cytotoxicity

Structure‐cytotoxicity relationship of di?/tri‐organotin(IV) derivatives of mandelic acid ( 1 – 4 ), L‐proline ( 5 – 7, 15, 16 ), and mixed ligand complexes of latter with 1,10‐phenanthroline ( 8 – 14 ) investigated on the basis of MTT assay against human cancer cell lines, viz. MCF‐7 (mammary cancer), HepG2 (liver cancer) and PC‐3 (prostate cancer) in vitro indicated that all complexes except methyl‐ and octyl‐ analogues displayed potential cytotoxicity. The most active one is dibutyltin(IV) mandelate ( 2 ) exhibiting IC₅₀ 2.03 ± 0.40, 0.98 ± 0.23 and 3.86 ± 1.68 μM against MCF‐7, HepG2 and PC‐3, respectively, which is ≈ 15 and 2.5 times against MCF‐7, 20 and 5 times against HepG2 and 5 and ≈ 3 times against PC‐3 more cytotoxic than cis‐platin and 5‐fluorouracil, respectively. Diorganotin(IV) derivatives of mandelic acid are more cytotoxic than triorganotin analogues. Organotin(IV) derivatives of L‐proline (except Bu₃Sn(Pro) 16 ) are less cytotoxic than those of mandelic acid but their cytotoxicity is enhanced by complexion with 1,10‐phenanthroline. This may be due to the structural planarity and extended π system of 1,10‐phenanthroline which facilitates their transportation across the cell membrane and enhances the possibility of DNA intercalation over the planar L‐proline ring, and eventually, their DNA binding affinity so as to interfere with the cellular functions of DNA leading to apoptosis. Various biophysical experiments such as DNA fragmentation, acridine orange and comet assays, and flow cytometry assay using annexin V–fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) and propidium iodide (PI) have been carried out in order to ascertain their mode of action. The observed results indicated that the major cause of cancer cell death is apoptosis, but a minor role played by necrosis cannot be excluded. It is concluded on the basis of the observed results that the nature and number of organic groups bonded to tin as well as the nature of counter anions play an important role in determining the cytotoxicity of organotin(IV) compounds.     

Solid-phase synthesis of 3-aminopyrrole-2,5-dicarboxylate analogues

An efficient strategy has been developed for the solid-phase parallel synthesis of 3-aminopyrrole-2,5-dicarboxylate analogues. A library of twenty-nine 2,3,5-trisubstituted pyrroles has been synthesized on Wang resin by a 5-6 step process. The attachment of (2S,4R)-4-hydroxy-N-(PhF)proline cesium salt (PhF = 9-(9-phenylfluorenyl)) to Wang bromide resin, followed by alcohol oxidation, produced the resin-bound 4-oxo-N-(PhF)prolinate as the pyrrole precursor. Resin-bound 3-aminopyrroles were synthesized by treatment of the oxo-N-(PhF)prolinate resin with different secondary amines and diversified at the 2-position by acylation with trichloroacetyl chloride and haloform reactions with primary amines. 3-Aminopyrrole-2,5-dicarboxylates were isolated in 81-99% purity and 51-99% yields after cleavage from the resin using TFA or sodium methoxide.     

Supported silver nanoparticles over alginate-modified magnetic nanoparticles: Synthesis,characterization and treat the human lung carcinoma

This article displays synthesis of Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) decorated on sodium alginate covered magnetite (Fe₃O₄/Alg-Ag NPs) nanocomposite. Sodium alginate shell as a natural anionic polysaccharide on Fe₃O₄ microparticles core acted as a stabilizing agent for the reduction of Ag(I) ions into Ag NPs. The structural features of the synthesized nanocomposite were investigated by fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopes (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopes (TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and vibrating-sample magnetometer (VSM) studies and inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was used on common lung cancer cell lines i.e., NCI-H1975, NCI-H1563, and NCI-H1299 to survey the cytotoxicity and anti-lung cancer effects of the synthesized nanocomposite. The synthesized nanocomposite had very low cell viability and high anti-lung cancer activities dose-dependently against NCI-H1975, NCI-H1563, and NCI-H1299 cell lines without any cytotoxicity on the normal cell line (Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs)). To determine the antioxidant properties of the synthesized nanocomposite, the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) test was used in the presence of butylated hydroxytoluene as the positive control. The synthesized nanocomposite inhibited half of the DPPH molecules in the concentration of 194 µg/mL. Maybe significant anti-human lung cancer potentials of the synthesized nanocomposite against common human lung cancer cell lines are linked to their antioxidant activities.     

Synthesis of bengamide E analogues and their cytotoxic activity

A series of bengamide E analogues were prepared from the corresponding polyketide chain and amino acids via amide coupling reactions. Opening of the polyketide chain lactone ring with α-aminolactams was successfully achieved under microwave irradiation in the presence of sodium 2-ethyl hexanoate. A cytotoxic activity evaluation against a panel of cancer cell lines (KB, HepG-2, Lu-1, MCF-7, HL-60 and Hela) indicated that the 2′R analogues were generally more cytotoxic than the 2′S analogues. Additionally, several analogues exhibited selective inhibition against various cancer cell lines: compounds 32a and 32b selectively inhibited MCF-7 cells, while 33b and 35b were more sensitive toward Lu-1 and HepG-2, respectively. Notably, some of the synthetic analogues possess cytotoxic activities with IC₅₀ values less than 1 µM.     

Synthesis of GDP-5-thiosugars and their use as glycosyl donor substrates for glycosyltransferases

Two thiopyranoside analogues of GDP-sugars, GDP-5-thio-d-mannose (14) and GDP-5-thio-l-fucose (15), were synthesized. The syntheses included the phosphorylations of tetra-O-acetyl-5-thio-d-mannosyl bromide (4) and tri-O-benzoyl-l-fucosyl bromide (6) with silver dibenzyl phosphate, deprotection of the phosphate groups, and condensation of the deprotected phosphates with GMP-imidazolidate (13) in the presence of MgCl(2). These GDP-sugar analogues were found to be donor substrates for alpha(1,2)mannosyltransferase and alpha(1,3)fucosyltransferase, affording a 5-thiomannose-containing disaccharide (18) and a 5-thiofucose-containing trisaccharide (21), respectively. The conformation of the disaccharide analogue 18 was similar to that of its native counterpart by ROESY. These findings for GDP-5-thiosugars together with previous demonstrations of enzymatic transfer from UDP-5-thiosugars will allow the production of panels of oligosaccharide analogues with hydrolase-resistant properties.     

New polyethyleneglycol-functionalized texaphyrins: synthesis and in vitro biological studies

The synthesis of four new analogues of motexafin gadolinium (MGd), a gadolinium(III) texaphyrin complex in clinical trials for its anticancer properties, is described. These new derivatives contain either 1,2-diaminobenzene or 2,3-diaminonaphthalene subunits as the source of the imine nitrogens and bear multiple 2-[2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethoxy]ethoxy (PEG) groups, on either meso aryl or beta-pyrrolic substituents, to increase their water solubility. All four analogues were found to be more active in vitro than the parent system MGd as judged from cell proliferation assays using the PC3 and A549 cell lines.