连续流动分析法测定土壤中的挥发酚

建立了连续流动分析仪测定土壤中挥发酚含量的方法。称取5 g左右的土壤样品,以磷酸调节p H值为4,加入适量水并进行蒸馏,馏出液用连续流动分析仪测定挥发酚含量。在4.96~200μg/L范围内,挥发酚的质量浓度与相对峰高线性相关,线性方程为y=235.31x+51.6,相关系数r~2=0.999 8,挥发酚的检出限为1.24μg/L。取2种土壤样品分别进行6次平行测定,测定结果的相对标准偏差分别为1.52%,1.56%。对2种挥发酚标准样品进行测试,相对误差分别为1.90%,2.08%,加标回收率在87.8%~95.5%之间。该方法适合大批量样品的连续分析,且无需使用三氯甲烷,与传统方法相比更安全环保。     

油浴蒸馏–流动注射分光光度法测定中高盐水中挥发酚

建立流动注射分光光度法测定中高盐水中的挥发酚.用流动注射分光光度法测定中高盐水中挥发酚时存在严重的基体干扰,在线蒸馏的流路长导致加热模块受热不均匀,基体干扰物质去除不理想.蒸馏过程中产生大量的二氧化碳和氯化氢气体在封闭的管路中无法释放到外界与蒸馏试剂磷酸反应,导致铁氰化钾缓冲溶液的pH值降低,及高温蒸馏过程中钙镁金属离...     

应用全自动间断分析仪测定炼油化工废水中挥发酚的含量

废水样品250mL,加入100g·L-1硫酸铜溶液5mL,在pH 4.0的条件下进行蒸馏,接收馏上液250mL供测定其中挥发酚的含量,用Clever-chem 200全自动间断分析仪进行测定。测定的原理为分取部分蒸出液与pH 10.3的铁氰化钾及4-氨基-安替比林反应生成红色化合物,在波长510nm处测量其吸光度。测定中试样的进样量为200μL,试剂1及试剂2的加入量依次为90μL和135μL。挥发酚的质量浓度在0.05~2.00mg·L-1范围内与吸光度呈线性关系,方法的检出限(3s/k)为0.005mg·L-1。标准加入法测得方法的回收率在94.7%~108%之间。另在3个含量水平上做精密度试验,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)在2.6%~6.3%之间。用此分析仪所得测定值与国标法测定值基本相符。     

碱法提取–流动注射检测仪测定土壤中的挥发酚

采用流动注射检测仪测定土壤中的挥发酚含量,并研究前处理过程对实验结果的影响.20 g新鲜土壤样品中的挥发酚用200 mL 10 g/L氢氧化钠溶液超声提取,提取液过滤后采用流动注射检测仪测定土壤中的挥发酚含量.挥发酚的质量浓度在0～1.00 mg/L范围内与峰面积具有良好的线性关系,相关系数为0.9999,检出限为0....     

水中挥发酚的在线蒸馏-固相萃取分离富集及测定

在顺序注射系统中实现了挥发酚的快速自动在线蒸馏,并用AmberliteXAD-7树脂微填充柱对其与4-氨基安替比林的衍生物在线固相萃取,被富集的衍生物可用少量乙醇有效地洗脱回收,以分光光度法检测.方法可用于较高浓度挥发酚(mg/L)样品的测定,也可根据需要适当增大进样体积,经富集后实现更低浓度水平(μg/L)挥发酚的测定.当富集过程中进样体积为4mL时,方法测定挥发酚的线性范围为0.004~0.3mg/L,检出限为0.002mg/L,相对标准偏差为1.4%(0.1mg/L,n=9).对多种实际水样中的挥发酚进行了测定,加标回收实验的回收率在96%~102%之间.     

连续流动注射分光光度法测定杏仁中氰化物和挥发酚的含量北大核心CSCD

提出了连续流动注射分光光度法同时测定杏仁中氰化物和挥发酚含量的方法。2.00 g杏仁样品经25 mL 0.05 mol·L^(-1)硫酸溶液涡旋1 min,浸泡10 min,水解释放样品中氰苷后,用2 g·L^(-1)氢氧化钠溶液固定待测物,并定容至50 mL。取上清液,经0.45μm滤膜过滤,滤液在优化的试验条件下采用连续流动注射分光光度法测定其中氰化物和挥发酚的含量。结果表明,氰化物和挥发酚的质量浓度在0.002~0.200 mg·L^(-1)内与对应的峰高呈线性关系,检出限分别为0.005 mg·kg^(-1)和0.0175 mg·kg^(-1)。取3份样品,每个样品重复测定6次,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)均小于2.0%。按照标准加入法对实际样品进行回收试验,回收率为97.6%~105%。方法用于分析10份杏仁样品,氰化物的检出量为10.6~56.4 mg·kg^(-1),平均值为32.3 mg·kg^(-1),挥发酚的检出量为14.7~54.8 mg·kg^(-1),平均值为31.9 mg·kg^(-1)。方法利用硫酸溶液水解样品中氰苷后用碱溶液固定,解决了碱溶液直接提取结果偏低的问题。     

全自动流动注射-分光光度法测定土壤中氨氮

传统的氯化钾溶液提取分光光度法测定土壤中氨氮时,需要加入硝普钠-苯酚显色剂混匀后一定时间再加入二氯异氰尿酸钠显色剂,这个过程中人为接触苯酚等有机试剂的时间较长,对人体和环境有一定的危害;且传统的比色法显色时间至少需要5 h,显色时间较长,分析效率较低。应用全自动流动注射-分光光度法测定土壤中氨氮,考察了提取试剂的厂家、浓度等两个因素对实验的影响。采用氯化钾(1.00 mol/L)提取液配制标准曲线,在0～10.00 mg/L线性关系良好,方法检出限为0.031 mg/kg,样品相对偏差均小于5%,实际样品回收率为89.0%～114%。与传统的氯化钾溶液提取分光光度法相比,全自动流动注射-分光光度法具有自动进样、分析速率快,试剂耗量低,检测范围宽、保护环境等优点,适用于一般农用地、场地调查样品中氨氮的检测。     

一种新型蒸馏收集器提取土壤中的总氰化物

采用DCS-C12型蒸馏收集器提取土壤中的总氰化物,然后按照HJ 745-2015测定土壤中的总氰化物。优化的试验条件如下:1蒸馏时间为80min;2反应温度为125℃;3 50g·L-1氯化亚锡溶液的用量为1.0mL;4磷酸的用量为5.0mL。方法应用于模拟土壤样品的分析,测定值与国家标准方法测定结果相符,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)在6.5%~9.4%之间。用标准加入法做方法的回收试验,测得回收率在86.6%~108%之间。     

浓硫酸预蒸馏-连续流动分析法测定固体废物中总氰化物

固体废物样品过筛后用浓硫酸蒸馏处理,馏出液用SKALAR SAN++型连续流动分析仪进行分析,测定固体废物中的总氰化物含量。在最优条件下,馏出液中氰化物的质量浓度在0.00～100.00μg/L范围内与吸光度线性相关,相关系数为0.999 9。该方法检出限为0.08 mg/kg,固体废物样品测定值的相对标准偏差为3.3%～9.1%(n=6),加标回收率为97.0%。该方法适于测定固体废物中的氰化物含量。     

全自动蒸馏前处理-ID/GC-ICP-MS测定海水中痕量甲基汞

建立了基于自动蒸馏前处理,气相色谱-电感耦合等离子质谱联用(GC-ICP-MS),同位素稀释法(ID)测定海水中痕量甲基汞的分析方法。结果表明,自动蒸馏仪在45 min内即可完成海水样品的蒸馏,采用Br Cl溶液能有效消除蒸馏管路中甲基汞的残留,降低实验空白;同位素稀释剂的添加量对甲基汞的测定结果无明显影响,样品中总汞质量浓度低于1. 0μg·L~(-1)时,因操作产生的甲基汞量可忽略不计。海水中甲基汞的加标回收率为98. 2%~122%,天然海水及加标海水中甲基汞的相对标准偏差(RSD)分别为16%和5. 4%,方法检出限为0. 009 ng·L~(-1)。以大连湾表层海水为实际样品,测得水样中甲基汞的质量浓度的平均值为(0. 103±0. 036) ng·L~(-1),方法可满足近岸海水中痕量甲基汞的分析要求。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.