多级孔IM-5分子筛的简易制备及其在甲烷芳构化中的催化性能（英文）

采用一步水热晶化法、不添加第二模板剂、仅通过控制合成条件,制备了具有多级孔道结构的IM-5-H分子筛。多级孔IM-5-H材料展现了与常规IM-5-C分子筛不同的形貌、结构和酸性质。由于IM-5-H分子筛载体介孔结构的促进作用,钼基Mo-IM-5-H催化剂在甲烷无氧芳构化反应中表现出较高的甲烷转化率(13.1%)、芳烃产率(7.5%)和稳定性。该研究为合成多级孔IM-5材料提供了一种简便的方法,同时扩展了微孔-介孔复合材料在甲烷芳构化反应中的应用。     

介孔材料为硅源合成多级孔Mo/H-IM-5催化剂及其在甲烷无氧芳构化反应中的应用

在IM-5分子筛的合成体系中以介孔材料KIT-6作为硅源,制备出了多级孔IM-5复合分子筛(IM-5-K)。利用X射线衍射、扫描电镜、透射电镜、比表面积分析、NH3-TPD等手段对样品的物理性质和酸性进行表征。将经过钼修饰的Mo-IM-5-K催化剂应用于甲烷无氧芳构化反应中,考察其活性。催化测试结果显示,多级孔Mo-IM-5-K催化剂的最高甲烷转化率和芳烃产率为12.4%和6.9%,高于常规Mo-IM-5-C催化剂。同时,Mo-IM-5-K催化剂有更好的稳定性。催化剂反应活性和稳定性的差异是由于其具有不同的孔道结构和酸性所致。介孔的存在会影响活性Mo物种的落位及分布状态,有利于反应物与活性位的接触和芳烃产物的扩散,进而提高催化剂的活性和稳定性。     

多级结构ZSM-5沸石分子筛的合成及其Mo基催化剂在甲烷无氧脱氢芳构化中的应用

以经盐酸预处理的碳纳米管为第二模板,在不添加其它有机溶剂的情况下,仅通过控制晶化条件,即采用变温水热晶化法合成具有多级结构的ZSM-5分子筛.通过x射线衍射、红外光谱测试、透射电镜和N2吸附对合成的分子筛进行了表征,结果表明,该合成分子筛呈近球形,是由纳米棒自组装形成的具有多级结构的亚微米球.该分子筛改性后用于甲烷无氧脱氢芳构化反应,显示出良好的催化性能,甲烷转化率最初达到19%,反应至24 h时甲烷转化率仍保持在10%左右,并且保持了较高的芳香物选择性(达到50%以上).     

多级孔ZSM-5分子筛的合成及其在甲醇脱水制二甲醚反应中的应用

以四丙基氨为微孔模版剂,阳离子高分子聚合物为介孔模版剂,合成了具有多级介孔的ZSM-5分子筛,并用于甲醇气相脱水合成二甲醚.结果表明,加入阳离子高分子聚合物后,合成的HZSM-5分子筛样品既保持了其MFI典型结构,又呈现了多级介孔特征;随着阳离子高分子聚合物模板剂加入量的增加,其多级介孔特征更为明显.具有多级介孔的HZSM-5分子筛表现出比常规微孔HZSM-5分子筛高的反应稳定性和二甲醚选择性,这主要是由于其织构和酸性的双重作用.     

IM-5分子筛在Ni-Cu催化剂甲烷热裂解制氢反应中的作用研究

甲烷热裂解制氢并生成高附加值的纳米碳材料,被认为是极具发展前景的氢气生产途径,但高性能催化剂的研发仍存在诸多挑战.我们选择多种载体(TS-1、 IM-5、 Y、介孔SiO₂、 γ-Al₂O₃、 CNTs),采用浸渍法制备Ni-Cu负载催化剂,通过低温N2吸附-脱附、 XRD、 SEM和H₂-TPR等系列表征方法对样品进行分析,考察不同载体对催化剂甲烷裂解制氢和纳米碳材料的影响.实验结果发现,分子筛载体独特的孔道结构有利于金属颗粒的分散,能有效避免反应中界面效应导致的催化剂失活,可提高催化剂反应活性并延长反应寿命,也显著提高了其碳产率.其中以IM-5分子筛为载体的催化剂表现最佳,在反应温度为700℃时, NiCu/IM-5催化剂甲烷转化率高达80%,氢气选择性达100%,反应400 min后活性未见明显降低. NiCu/IM-5催化剂碳产率高达1 446 g_C/g_cat,是NiCu/SiO₂催化剂的5.7倍, NiCu/γ-Al     

无第二模板剂法合成多级结构ZSM-5分子筛微球及其在甲烷无氧芳构化反应中的应用

在无第二模板剂的条件下,采用简单的水热晶化法,通过控制条件合成出具有多级结构的ZSM-5(ZSM-5-HW)分子筛,并运用X射线衍射、红外光谱、扫描电镜和N2吸附-脱附等技术对合成的分子筛进行了表征.结果表明,所得样品是由棒状晶体组装而成的具有介孔结构的分子筛微球.用等体积浸渍法制备了Mo/HZSM-5-HW催化剂并用于CH4无氧芳构化反应,表现出较高的催化活性和稳定性.在实验条件下,CH4初始转化率为18.5%,而苯收率最高可达9.5%;反应24h后,两者仍然分别保持在10.2%和5.5%左右.     

介孔分子筛制备技术新进展—二次合成、超分子自组装和介孔生成剂法

具有内部介孔结构的多级孔分子筛兼具微孔分子筛和介孔材料的功能, 拥有良好的传质和催化特性. 在过去的几十年内, 介孔分子筛在催化、 吸附和分离领域发展迅速. 近年来, 新型合成方法的开发在很大程度上实现了介孔分子筛孔道结构、 组分及形貌灵活可控的调节. 本综述讨论了近期出现的多种新合成路径, 重点介绍了近期发展起来的二次合成制备低硅/铝介孔分子筛、 超分子自组装合成介孔分子筛及有机小分子原位合成介孔分子筛技术. 对这些合成技术的机理进行了讨论, 以期为介孔分子筛未来的发展提供思路. 文章的最后还讨论了不同的合成策略所面临的一些关键性挑战.     

四丙基氢氧化铵改性Mo/HZSM-5催化甲烷甲醇共芳构化反应性能

采用四丙基氢氧化铵（TPAOH）处理HZSM-5分子筛,并负载金属Mo。利用XRD、低温氮气吸附、27Al MAS NMR、29Si MAS NMR和NH3-TPD等表征技术对TPAOH改性前后催化剂的结构和酸性进行了研究,考察了其对甲烷甲醇共芳构化反应的催化性能。结构表征结果表明,适量的TPAOH改性可提高HZSM-5分子筛的相对结晶度,样品中介孔含量明显增加并且弱酸量和强酸量也有所增加。反应性能测试表明,以6 % Mo 负载的HZSM-5（6Mo/HZSM-5）为催化剂,在700 ℃、甲烷体积空速为2000h-1的反应条件下,甲烷中添加少量甲醇（nCH4/nCH3OH=20）时,甲烷转化率稳定在10 %左右,苯选择性在70 %以上,C7-C9高碳芳烃的选择性为4 %。在0.1 M TPAOH改性6Mo/HZSM-5催化剂上,甲烷转化率为8%左右,苯选择性稳定在60%以上,C7-C9高碳芳烃的选择性提升到10-17 %。利用TG和TPO技术对反应后样品的积碳情况进行了表征,发现甲烷甲醇共进料时催化剂积碳量由甲烷单独进料时的15%降低至5%,0.1 M的TPAOH改性后积碳量则进一步降低至1.4 %。TPAOH改性的催化剂上介孔含量的增加和强酸中心上的稠环芳烃含量的减少是反应后积碳量显著下降的主要原因,这有利于提高芳构化催化剂的稳定性和碳原子的有效利用率。     

介孔分子筛制备技术新进展——二次合成、超分子自组装和介孔生成剂法（英文）

具有内部介孔结构的多级孔分子筛兼具微孔分子筛和介孔材料的功能,拥有良好的传质和催化特性.在过去的几十年内,介孔分子筛在催化、吸附和分离领域发展迅速.近年来,新型合成方法的开发在很大程度上实现了介孔分子筛孔道结构、组分及形貌灵活可控的调节.本综述讨论了近期出现的多种新合成路径,重点介绍了近期发展起来的二次合成制备低硅/铝介孔分子筛、超分子自组装合成介孔分子筛及有机小分子原位合成介孔分子筛技术.对这些合成技术的机理进行了讨论,以期为介孔分子筛未来的发展提供思路.文章的最后还讨论了不同的合成策略所面临的一些关键性挑战.     

高效ZSM-5-L二元复合分子筛的合成及正戊烷芳构化性能

通过优化水热陈化条件制备纳米L沸石,再采用水热合成结合原位二次晶化法,合成具有微-介复合孔结构的高效ZSM-5-L二元复合分子筛.考察了体系pH、二次晶化温度等因素对ZSM-5-L复合分子筛合成的影响,采用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)和傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)等技术对复合分子筛进行表征,确定了最佳复合条件:pH=10.5~11.5,晶化温度170℃,晶化时间24 h.ZSM-5-L复合分子筛具有不同于ZSM-5沸石、L沸石及两者机械混合物的物性特征,且具有微-介复合孔结构.以正戊烷催化转化为探针反应,评价了ZSM-5-L复合分子筛轻烃芳构化反应性能.在相同反应条件下,ZSM-5-L复合分子筛具有优于2种单分子筛及二者机械混合物的正戊烷芳构化催化性能.     

Synthesis of zeolite IM-5 under rotating and static conditions and the catalytic performance of Mo/H-IM-5 catalyst in methane non-oxidative aromatization

The hydrothermal crystallization of zeolite IM-5 was investigated under rotating (denoted as IM-5-R) and static (denoted as IM-5-S) synthesis conditions. Mo-modified catalysts (Mo-IM-5-R and Mo-IM-5-S) were prepared for the methane non-oxidative aromatization. The physical properties and acidities of the samples were characterized by XRD, SEM, BET and IR spectroscopy. Compared with Mo-IM-5-S, the Mo-IM-5-R catalyst showed both a higher conversion of methane and higher selectivity to benzene in methane aromatization. A higher catalytic activity of Mo-IM-5-R may be attributed to the preferable textural properties and acidities of zeolite IM-5-R. Moreover, the catalyst prepared by the physical mixing method exhibited lower initial activity, but better stability for methane aromatization than that prepared by the impregnation method.     

Effect of phosphorus on the performance of IM-5 for the alkylation of toluene with methanol into p-xylene

IM-5 zeolite was modified with different amounts of phosphorus species. The effect of the introduction of phosphorus into IM-5 zeolite (P-IM-5) was evaluated on the alkylation of toluene with methanol. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, N₂ physical adsorption, ³¹P magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance, inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy, temperature-programmed desorption of ammonia, Fourier transform infrared spectra of pyridine, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-pyridine and 2,6-lutidine adsorption, and thermogravimetric analysis after reaction. The results showed that the zeolite structure was not changed, but the total amount of acid sites decreased with increasing phosphorus loading. The phosphorus-modified IM-5 samples exhibited much higher stability on the alkylation of toluene with methanol than the parent zeolite and the optimal phosphorus amount added was 0.5 wt %. The excellent catalytic performance could be ascribed to the low ratio of B/L acid sites upon phosphorus modification, which suppressed coke formation.     

多级孔ZSM-5分子筛的制备及其在炼油领域中的应用

多级孔ZSM-5分子筛结合了微孔分子筛可调变的酸性、良好的水热稳定性以及介孔材料优异的传质扩散性能,在催化领域有着广阔的应用前景.我们综述了近年来多级孔ZSM-5分子筛的研究进展,重点概述了多级孔ZSM-5分子筛的不同制备方法,包括后处理法、硬模板法和软模板法等,同时介绍了多级孔ZSM-5分子筛在炼油领域的应用研究,并在上述基础上对多级孔ZSM-5分子筛的研究趋势进行了展望.     

Methane dehydroaromatization with periodic CH_4-H_2 switch:A promising process for aromatics and hydrogen

Long-term stability test of Mo/HZSM-5-N catalysts(HZSM-5-N stands for nano-sized HZSM-5) in methane dehydroaromatization(MDA)reaction has been performed with periodic CH4-H2 switch at 1033-1073 K for more than 1000 h.During this test,methane conversion ranges from 13% to 16%,and mean yield to aromatics(i.e.benzene and naphthalene) exceeds 10%.N2-physisorption,XRD,NMR and TPO measurements were performed for the used Mo/HZSM-5 catalysts and coke deposition,and the results revealed that the periodic hydrogenation can effectively suppress coke deposition by removing the inert aromatic-type coke,thus ensuring Mo/HZSM-5 partly maintained its activity even in the presence of large amount of coke deposition.The effect of zeolite particle size on the catalytic activity was also explored,and the results showed that the nano-sized zeolite with low diffusion resistance performed better.It is recognized that the size effect was enhanced by reaction time,and it became more remarkable in a long-term MDA reaction even at a low space velocity.     

Selective conversion of methane to aromatic hydrocarbons on large crystallite zeolite catalysts with mesoporous structure

Large crystallite mesoporous MFI (ZSM-5) zeolite was synthesized by using carbon nano-powder as a secondary template. The surface properties, morphological and phase composition of the synthesized material and of the commercial ZSM-5 (Zeolyst) zeolite were studied by nitrogen porosimetry, XRD and scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that the volume of mesopores volume increases with development of a secondary mesoporosity in the structure of zeolite. The obtained zeolite supports were used to prepare molybdenum-containing catalysts for the methane aromatization by solid phase preparation technique. Based on the XPS data, molybdenum particles in these catalysts are characterized by more uniform size distribution. The formation of a secondary pore structure restrains the carbon deposit formation as well as increases the methane conversion and the yield of the aromatic compounds.     

Novel Strategy for the Synthesis of Ultra-Stable Single-Site Mo-ZSM-5 Zeolite Nanocrystals

The current energy transition presents many technological challenges, such as the development of highly stable catalysts. Herein, we report a novel “top-down” synthesis approach for preparation of a single-site Mo-containing nanosized ZSM-5 zeolite which has atomically dispersed framework-molybdenum homogenously distributed through the zeolite crystals. The introduction of Mo heals most of the native point defects in the zeolite structure resulting in an extremely stable material. The important features of this single-site Mo-containing ZSM-5 zeolite are provided by an in-depth spectroscopic and microscopic analysis. The material demonstrates superior thermal (up to 1000 °C), hydrothermal (steaming), and catalytic (converting methane to hydrogen and higher hydrocarbons) stability, maintaining the atomically disperse Mo, structural integrity of the zeolite, and preventing the formation of silanols.     

Suppression of methane formation during Fisher-Tropsch synthesis using manganese-cobalt oxide supported on H-5A zeolite as a catalyst

In Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction, methane formation is one of the side reactions which must be suppressed in order to get better catalytic selectivity for light olefins. In the present study, we have modified cobalt based Fischer-Tropsch catalyst and developed a process to minimize methane production, consequently to produce maximum yield of light olefins. Manganese-cobalt oxide supported on H-5A zeolite catalyst was synthesized using modified H-5A zeolite, to increase its surface acid sites. Increased acidity of zeolite plays a major part in the suppression of methane formation during the Fischer-Tropsch reaction. The modified zeolite results in the electronic modification of catalyst surface by creating new active catalytic sites. The results are compared with other supported catalysts along with unmodified zeolite. Appreciable reduction in methane formation is achieved on modified zeolite supported catalyst in comparison with unsupported catalyst.