载体的结构对Ru/Al2O3催化剂金属分布状态的影响

以5种γ-Al2O3为载体制备负载型钌催化剂.利用N2物理吸附和CO化学吸附等实验手段测定载体的比表面、孔径分布以及催化剂的金属分散度,研究γ-Al2O3载体的表面织构对Ru/Al2O3催化剂活性金属分布状态的影响.结果表明活性金属在γ-Al2O3载体中的分散不完全取决于载体的比表面,载体的比孔容、孔结构对活性金属的分布起着重要作用.     

高分子负载催化剂中金属流失的研究 Ⅱ．活性中心金属的影响

通过测定加氢反应后反应溶液中金属的溶出量,考察了高分子负载催化剂的稳定性,研究了活性中心金属的种类、价态及分散程度对催化剂稳定性的影响。实验表明,在聚苯乙烯苄基氨茴酸树脂载体上,不同金属物种的催化剂稳定性次序为:Pd混合价态钯>二价钯。随着载体表面钯分散度的增大,钯盐中配体En值的减小,溶剂极性的减弱,钯的流失量也呈下降趋势。     

添加硼砂助熔剂煤灰熔融性的量子化学与实验研究

将硼砂按不同比例分别掺入四种高灰熔点煤灰中,对混合灰样熔融特性进行实验研究。 采用密度泛函理论对熔融过程中作为反应物的莫来石反应活性进行计算。莫来石属于正交晶系Pbam空间群。计算结果表明,莫来石很容易与电子接受体结合,不容易与电子给予体结合。当莫来石与电子给予体结合时,Si原子的活性高于Al。因此,向莫来石中加入助熔剂硼砂时,硼砂中的Na＋作为电子接受体,非常容易进入莫来石的晶格中,促使莫来石转变为霞石,降低了灰熔融温度。在还原性气氛下,煤灰熔融特性实验证实了理论计算结果。     

固相反应合成丙二胺合钴氧合性能的研究

0引言氧载体是一类能够可逆吸收分子氧的特殊金属配合物。由于它在贮氧、除氧上有潜在的应用价值及对探索生命科学的重要意义,使得氧载体的研究得以广泛的展开[1~3],目前对氧载体氧合性能的影响因素研究局限于溶剂、温度、配体等因素的研究[4~6],而不同金属盐对氧载体氧合性能影响的探讨很少见于报道。作者在实验中发现,当使用不同阴离子的钴盐进行固相合成氧载体时,所得氧载体吸收分子氧的性能有明显差异。为探讨固相反应中不同钴盐对钴配合物氧合性能的影响,本文以丙二胺为配体,与四种不同钴盐分别发生液鄄固反应和气鄄固反应,再通过氧合…     

炭载体的预处理对钌催化剂金属分布状态及催化性能的影响

活性炭经不同方法处理后作为钌催化剂的载体,利用N2物理吸附、CO化学吸附和XRD等实验手段对载体的比表面、孔结构和催化剂的金属分布状态进行表征,并对催化剂进行氨合成活性评价.结果表明活性炭载体经气相法氧化处理后,能够增大炭载体的比表面,改善孔结构,提高钌催化剂的热稳定性和氨合成催化活性.     

毛细管电泳指纹图谱应用于叶下珠药材中黄酮的检测

建立了叶下珠药材中黄酮的毛细管电泳指纹图谱。以硼砂和十二烷基磺酸钠(pH9.0)为背景电解质溶液,运行电压15kV,紫外检测波长245nm,流体静压力进样15s(高度12cm),对不同产地叶下珠药材进样检测。按电泳峰共有率fi≥70%为依据,确定10个不同产地叶下珠药材中黄酮的毛细管电泳指纹峰为8个,各产地叶下珠的毛细管电泳指纹图谱与标准毛细管电泳指纹图谱的相似度较好。在制备供试液后不同时间进样测定,各指纹峰的相对迁移时间的相对标准偏差小于5%,相对峰面积的相对标准偏差在3.0%～7.8%之间,结果表明样品在48h内稳定。     

基于单原子催化剂研究金属-载体相互作用

正金属-载体相互作用是负载型金属催化剂的基本结构特征,也是影响催化性能的关键因素。长期以来,对金属-载体相互作用机制的研究大都集中在氧化还原性氧化物负载的贵金属纳米粒子催化剂体系;但是由于金属粒子尺寸分布的不均匀性和氧化物载体表面的各向异性,很难从原子尺度上形成对催化活性位点和反应机理明确认知,也难以定量描述和理解金属-载体相互作用的化学本质~1。基于单原子催化剂研究金属-载体相互作用能够排除金属颗粒在金属-载体界面上尺寸、形貌和取向的影响,因此,单原子催化剂被     

荧光淬灭法测定食品中的硼砂残留量

基于硼砂对姜黄素的荧光强度有显著的淬灭作用,建立了一种简单、快速、灵敏的测定食品中硼砂的新方法,选择了最佳实验条件,并将此方法用于面条、茶叶和腐竹中硼砂的测定,平均回收率为99.2%,相对标准偏差为1%。     

铁/活性炭催化剂的穆斯堡尔谱研究 Ⅰ.不同浸渍铁盐的影响

以柠檬酸铁、硝酸铁、硫酸铁溶液分别浸渍活性炭制得的铁/活性炭催化剂在氩气中不同温度下处理,然后进行穆斯堡尔谱测定。实验结果表明,因浸渍铁盐的不同,造成催化剂中活性金属组分的分散状态以及金属-载体相互作用之强弱均有较大的差异。随着处理温度的升高,催化剂中的铁逐渐被载体炭还原。由三种铁盐制备的Fe/C催化剂的分解和还原历程是不同的。催化剂中铁被载体炭还原之难易程度还与α-Fe_2O_3的分散状态有关。     

固体炭对一氧化氮低温催化解离还原反应的影响——Ⅰ.复合催化剂还原活性的考察

考察了担载在活性炭上的以铜、铁为主的复合催化剂对一氧化氮催化解离还原活性的影响,并通过TPR和XRD研究了不同金属组份配比和不同助剂(K、Na)对催化剂性能的影响。结果表明,通过选择不同催化剂配比和添加不同助剂,降低主催化剂在载体炭上的还原温度和提高主催化剂在载体炭上的分散度,将有利于提高催化剂对一氧化氮催化解离还原的活性。文中还采用电镜方法研究了不同组成复合催化剂的金属颗粒大小和Cu、Fe复合催化剂经反应后其表面的形貌结构,发现在这种炭载型复合催化剂上进行一氧化氮催化解离还原反应的过程中,有催化剂表面金属颗粒迁移、生成炭丝和金属颗粒在载体炭上打洞等迹象。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.