Ag/ZnO/ZnSe三元异质结的合成及其可见光光催化性能

以Ag纳米线为模板,通过两步水浴法合成了Ag/Zn O/Zn Se三元异质结光催化材料。利用场发射扫描电子显微镜(FESEM)、X射线能谱仪(EDS)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)以及透射电子显微镜(FETEM)对样品的形貌和结构进行了表征。结果显示,Ag/Zn O/Zn Se三元异质结为蠕虫状的Ag/Zn O二元异质结外镶嵌着Zn Se小颗粒。在可见光下,对比纯Ag纳米线、纯Zn O纳米球、Ag/Zn O异质结对罗丹明B的可见光降解效率,结果发现Ag/Zn O/Zn Se异质结表现出了更高的光催化效率。其光催化性能的提高主要是由于Ag/Zn O/Zn Se异质结的作用促使电子空穴对的分离,降低了电子空穴对的复合机率,从而提高了材料的光催化效率。     

用于乙烯芳构化反应的Zn/HZSM-5催化剂失活机制研究

采用浸渍法制备了Zn负载量（质量分数）分别为1%、2%、3%的Zn/HZSM-5分子筛催化剂,通过XRD、N₂吸附-脱附、NH₃-TPD、Py-FTIR、XPS、TG-DTA等技术,系统考察Zn/HZSM-5分子筛在乙烯芳构化反应的失活机制。结果表明,积炭是催化剂失活的主要原因,HZSM-5中Zn的添加在较大程度上抑制了催化剂的积炭行为;低Zn含量时催化剂失活缓慢,但Zn含量较高时,由于催化剂比表面积和孔体积极剧下降,催化剂失活加剧。反应过程中,分子筛上Zn物种存在迁移和流失行为,迁移行为体现为催化剂表面Zn的富集和相对比例的变化;Zn流失速率在不同反应阶段保持恒定,但受到Zn含量的影响,Zn含量越高、流失速率越大。外表面ZnO是分子筛催化剂Zn流失的主要物种,且随Zn负载量升高变化趋势愈加明显,其含量与积炭速率存在一定关联。     

生物质衍生物γ-戊内酯催化转化制芳烃和2-环戊烯酮的研究

应用浸渍法在ZSM-5沸石分子筛孔道中引入过渡金属Zn物种,制备了具有不同Zn含量的Zn/ZSM-5。考察了反应温度、催化剂用量、催化剂的酸性性质等条件对γ-戊内酯芳构化产物组成(气、液、固产物)及其液体成分含量的影响。实验结果表明,ZSM-5分子筛孔道中引入Zn后,可以有效改变液体产物成分以及影响气体和固体产物收率。当ZSM-5分子筛孔道中引入Zn物种后,能够明显提高液体产物中苯、甲苯、乙苯、萘等芳香类化合物的含量,表明Zn物种能促进γ-戊内酯芳构化反应的进行。     

Synthesis and Luminescence Properties of Three High-dimensional Coordination Polymers:Zn(Ⅱ) with Imidazole or Benzimidazole Ligand

A novel 2D coordination polymer [Zn2(bim)4]n(1)(Hbim=benzimidazole) based on dihydrated-[N,N'-bis(2-aminophenl)-oxalamide](L1·2H2O) with zinc nitrate has been synthesized.Previously we have synthe-sized complexes [In2Zn3(im)12]n(2)(Him= imidazole) and [Zn(im)2]n(3) successfully.In complex 1,each Zn(Ⅱ) coor-dinated with four ligands adopts a distorted tetrahedron coordination mode,and the 2D grid structure is built by the Zn(bim)4 as the secondary building unit(SBU).The luminescence properties of the three c...     

探究锌与硫酸亚铁置换反应中无气泡产生的演示实验方案

初中化学教材中Zn置换Fe²⁺中Fe的演示实验中产生的大量气泡干扰学生对置换反应的认知学习。造成该现象的原因主要有：(1)Zn置换出Fe后形成Zn-Fe原电池引起的析氢腐蚀;(2)Fe的析氢过电势较Zn低,因此Zn置换出的Fe掺杂后,使得析氢过电势降低产生大量的气泡。基于此,采取控制反应条件,抑制反应中气泡的产生、放大Zn置换Fe的现象。通过调整反应时Fe²⁺的浓度、pH从而调整Zn-Fe原电池的数量以及析氢过电势,对该教学演示实验条件进行探究。结果表明当FeSO₄的浓度为0.54 mol/L、pH=3.58,Fe³⁺的浓度在KSCN检测不出的条件下,可以观察到Zn置换出的Fe附着在Zn的表面且能被磁铁吸引,同时观察不到气泡的产生。     

EXAFS研究不同酸度下Zn2+在水锰矿表面的吸附和沉淀

用EXAFS(extended X-ray absorption fine structure)研究了pH 7.00、7.50、8.00时Zn(II)在水锰矿表面的吸附和沉淀. Zn第一层配位Zn—O距离约为0.202 nm, 不随pH变化, 表明Zn的构型为四面体和八面体的混合物. 在pH 7.00 条件下, Zn—Mn距离约为0.300 nm, Zn主要以双边形式吸附在水锰矿(010)或(110)面. pH 7.50和pH 8.00时, 大部分的Zn在表面形成了结构类似于沉淀样品的多核羟基络合物, 其中0.311 nm Zn—Zn距离对应两个Zn八面体连接, 而0.353 nm Zn—Zn距离对应Zn八面体和Zn四面体连接.     

Cu/Zn、Cu/Zn/Ni催化剂甲醇部分氧化制氢

研究了甲醇在Cu/Zn及Cu/Zn/Ni催化剂上部分氧化热耦合裂解制氢的反应,系 统地考察了不同O2/CH3OH比及反应温度下催化剂性能.当O2/CH3OH=0.2时,催化剂的性能最 佳.在同样条件下, Cu/Zn催化剂对CO的选择性较Cu/Zn/Ni催化剂低,更具优势. Cu/Zn催化 剂用于甲醇部分氧化反应时,甲醇转化率在150 h寿命实验中基本保持在90％左右. XRD谱图 表明Cu/Zn合金的生成是导致Cu/Zn系催化剂在甲醇裂解反应中快速失活的主要原因,而在部 分氧化反应中, O2的存在可抑制Cu/Zn合金的生成,使Cu/Zn催化剂表现出高度的稳定性.     

Zn100-xTix合金电极的电化学性能

锌镍电池;固相扩散法;Zn100-xTix合金电极的电化学性能     

沈阳市健康人血清中Mg、Zn、Cu、Se、Cr含量及其相关关系探讨

报告了143例沈阳市健康人血清中Mg、Zn、Cu、Se、Cr含量及Cu／Zn值，并指出健康人血清中Mg与Cu量正相关，Mg与Cr呈负相关，Mg与Cu／Zn值呈正相关.Zn与Cr呈正相关.Zn与Cu/Zn呈负相关.Cu与Cr呈负相关。Cu与Cu／Zn值呈负相关.Cr与Cu／Zn值呈负相关.     

池州野生珍珠菜中Zn、Se含量的研究

利用微波消解原子吸收分光光度法测定了国家生态经济示范区安徽省池州市的野生珍珠菜中Zn、Se的含量,并与该地区茶叶中Zn、Se的含量做了比较。结果表明,野生珍珠菜对Zn、Se均有富集作用,特别是Se的含量优于茶叶中Se的含量,可见其具有良好的应用开发前景。     

掺杂氢氧化镍电子结构的量子化学DV-Xα方法研究

用量子化学DV-Xα方法计算氢氧化镍Ni7O12H122+、Ni6ZnO12H122+、Ni6CuO12H122+、Ni6CaO12H122+原子簇的电子结构. 通过对态密度、电荷集居数、净电荷、电荷密度差、电离能和跃迁能的分析表明, 在氢氧化镍中加入Zn、Cu能增强Ni原子与氧原子的相互作用, 强化Ni—O键, 提高了氢氧化镍结构的稳定性, 有利于延长其循环寿命; 而Ca的添加会减弱镍原子和氧原子间的相互作用. 添加Zn、Cu、Ca都能降低氢氧化镍的电离能, 提高跃迁能, 促进电子在体系中的传递, 有利于改善氢氧化镍电极的电化学性能. 但是, 过量的钙可能引起氢氧化镍的结构改变而使其失去电化学活性.     

焦粉活性炭/Al-Ni(OH)2复合电极材料的制备及其超级容器性能

以焦粉为原料,用HNO3预处理除灰,采用KOH浸渍-煅烧活化法制备焦粉活性炭(CPAC),通过场发射扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射等表征其形貌,采用BET测试其比表面积、孔结构及孔径分布。初步考察了活化温度、活化时间等对焦粉活性炭电极材料电化学性能的影响。采用共沉淀法制备CPAC/Al-Ni(OH)2复合电极材料,通过恒电流充放电测试及循环伏安测试表征CPAC/Al-Ni(OH)2复合电极材料的电化学性能。结果表明,当活化温度为800℃、活化时间为3 h制得的焦粉活性炭电极材料的电化学性能最佳,比电容达到211 F/g。CPAC-800℃-3 h/Al-Ni(OH)2复合电极材料随Al掺杂量的增大呈现先增大后减小的趋势。在固定Al质量掺杂量为4%,炭镍质量比为1∶1时所得复合材料的比电容量最大:1173.6 F/g。恒电流充放电及循环伏安测试表明Al掺杂量为4%、炭镍比为1∶1的复合材料具有较好的电化学性能。     

锌掺杂对SrTiO_3光催化性能的影响

制备了锌掺杂的SrTiO3光催化剂,测试了掺杂样品在400 W高压汞灯照射下,分解纯水制氢的活性。考察了锌的掺杂量及样品的焙烧温度对其光催化活性的影响,并对掺锌与未掺杂样品进行了XRD、UV-vis、XPS及SEM表征分析。结果表明,Zn掺入可显著提高SrTiO3的光催化活性,适宜的锌掺杂摩尔分数为1%左右,相应的掺杂量下,适宜的焙烧温度为950℃左右,上述条件制得掺锌SrTiO3的产氢速率较未掺杂样品提高了120%左右。表征结果显示,掺摩尔分数1%的锌未改变SrTiO3的晶体结构及结晶完整性,但样品表面发生了锌的富集,而且在一定的掺杂范围内,锌掺杂使SrTiO3催化剂的粒度有所增大。推测掺入的Zn与存在于SrTiO3表面的富钛相反应生成Zn2TiO4,使SrTiO3表面的缺陷浓度降低,光催化活性提高。     

Electrochemical behavior of nickel–polyaniline electrode in 1 M LiClO<Subscript>4</Subscript>–propylene carbonate electrolyte

Doping of emeraldine-base (EB) with lithium salts involves the addition of lithium cations to nitrogen in imine groups and intercalation of counter ions i.e., proceeds similarly to doping with protonic acids. The results of studies show that doping of polyaniline (PANI) with a lithium salt proceeds relatively difficultly as compared with protonic doping. For a polyaniline electrode, to attain faster the stationary mode by repeated cycling (“electrode training”) in an organic lithium electrolyte and to reach the higher capacitance, the method of preliminary lithiation of the NiO surface layer on the nickel substrate with Li⁺ cations through the EB film is proposed. The studies show that preliminary cycling of the Ni/PANI electrode (7 cycles at 10 mV s^–1) in the region of negative potentials (from 0 to–2.99 V vs. Ag/AgCl) leads to substantial increase in the capacitance characteristics of the PANI film in the region of its intrinsic redox activity from–0.4 to +1.1 V at high charge–discharge currents (2–5 A/g).     

Catalytic properties of Cu/Co/Zn/Zr oxides prepared by various methods

The new Cu-Co based （Cu/Co/Zn/Zr） catalysts for higher-alcohol synthesis were prepared using coprecipitation method, plasma enhanced method and reverse coprecipitation method under ultrasound irradiation. The catalysts were investigated by the means of BET, SEM, XRD, H2-TPR and XPS. Catalytic properties of the catalysts prepared by various methods were examined using CO hydrogenation reaction. It was found that plasma enhanced method and reverse coprecipitation method under ultrasound irradiation were both effective in enhancing the catalytic properties of Cu/Co/Zn/Zr mixed oxides. The small particle size, high dispersion of active components, the improvement of specific surface area and surface contents of active phases could account for the excellent performance of the experimental Cu/Co/Zn/Zr catalysts.     

Synthesis of Zn/Al mixed-oxide catalyst for carbonylation of glycerol with urea

Zn/Al mixed oxide was prepared by the coprecipitation or the hydrothermal method under different conditions and used as catalyst for synthesis of glycerol carbonate by carbonylation of glycerol with urea. The physical properties of the prepared Zn/Al mixed oxide particles were investigated, as well as their activity as catalyst in the mentioned synthesis. The dried Zn/Al mixed-oxide particles prepared by the coprecipitation method showed higher activity in synthesis of glycerol carbonate than those prepared by the hydrothermal method. The Zn/Al mixed oxide prepared by the coprecipitation method without NaNO₃ showed the highest catalytic activity in synthesis of glycerol carbonate.     

Coprecipitation of cobaltwithnickeldimethylglyoxime

The coprecipitation of cobalt with nickel precipitated as the dimethylglyoxime complex has been investigated under various conditions. Precipitations were carried out in ammonia and acetate solutions, at 25° and 85°, with slow and rapid addition of the solution of the precipitating agent, and with various digestion times. In each experiment, the amount of cobalt was 612 μg and the amount of nickel was 57.6 mg. Of the methods investigated, minimum coprecipitation was achieved by slow addition of ammonia to the acid nickel, cobalt, and dimethylglyoxime solution followed by a 30-minute digestion, all processes being carried out at 25°.     

Structural,dielectric and electrical properties of zinc doped nickel nanoferrites prepared by simplified sol–gel method

Zinc doped nickel ferrite nanoparticles having the general formula Ni_1−xZn_xFe₂O₄ (x = 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5) were prepared with simplified sol–gel method. The structural and dielectric properties of these samples sintered at 750 ± 5 °C were studied. X-ray diffraction patterns confirm the single phase spinel structure for prepared samples. The scanning electron microscope images indicated that the particle size of the samples lies in the nanometer regime. The dielectric constant (ε_r) and dielectric loss tangent (tan δ) of nanocrystalline nickel ferrites were investigated as a function of frequency and Zn concentration. The dependence of ε_r and tan δ on the frequency of the alternating applied electric field is in accordance with the Maxwell–Wagner model. The prepared samples have a lowest dielectric constant compared to the already reported samples of the same composition to the best of our knowledge. The effect of Zn doping on the dielectric properties of nickel ferrites is explained on the basis of cations distribution in the crystal structure.     

Al掺杂Ni(OH)2的结构及电化学性能

用化学共沉淀法合成了A l掺杂N i(OH)2,用XRD表征了合成样品的结构特征:研究了合成样品的循环伏安性能,以及用A l掺杂N i(OH)2为正极活性物质的Zn/N i试验电池的充放电性能。研究结果表明:所合成的A l掺杂N i(OH)2为具有α-型晶体结构的材料,A l掺杂N i(OH)2具有优良的电化学可逆性、良好的充放电性能和较好的电化学循环性能;A l掺杂N i(OH)2作为正极活性物质的Zn/N i试验电池等250次充放电循环容量保持率130.1%,最高放电比容量为420.5mAh/g。     

金刚烷双席夫碱镍配合物/氧化石墨烯/玻碳电极检测胭脂红的研究

使用嵌入法和电沉积法制备了双席夫碱镍配合物/氧化石墨烯/玻碳电极,用于定量检测胭脂红含量. 通过循环伏安法、电流计时法和扫描电镜等技术对修饰电极的电化学性能和形貌进行表征,结果表明,金刚烷双席夫碱镍配合物/氧化石墨烯/玻碳电极对胭脂红氧化反应具有较高的电催化活性,提供了一种简便快捷、重现性好的检测胭脂红含量的新方法.