高速转镜干涉成像光谱仪

介绍一种高速转镜干涉光谱仪原理,提出一种基于该原理的干涉成像光谱仪,该成像光谱仪有较大视场角,提高了扫描效率,特点是用带有倾角平面反射镜转动代替传统Michelson干涉成像光谱仪动镜的直线运动,解决了Michelson干涉成像光谱仪扫描效率低和不稳定的难题.     

Polarization phase-shifting Jamin shearing interferometer

The Jamin shearing interferometer is very useful in wavefront testing, especially for the low coherent light. Based on this interferometer, a polarization phase-shifting Jamin shearing interferometer is proposed to improve the performance. In the interferometer, two interference beams are linearly polarized and a polarization phase shifter is applied to realize the phase shifting. Different types of configurations of the interferometer are given. With phase-shifting interferograms, the precision of the interferometer can be improved. The interferometer is kept as an equal optical path system and its shearing amount remains changeable with simple structure and easy operation. In experiments, phase-shifting interferograms are obtained by rotating the analyzer. The usefulness of the interferometer is verified.     

A displacement measurement system, utilizing a Wollaston interferometer

A dual interferometric displacement measurement system is presented where a Wollaston prism interferometer is employed in conjunction with a normal Michelson interferometer. The system operates without the use of external polarizers, apart from those associated with the Wollaston prism interferometer itself. It is shown that an optical path difference induced in the Michelson interferometer can be detected using the Wollaston prism in a normal interferometer arrangement. Further, the interference pattern produced by the Wollaston prism interferometer changes in a measurable, linear fashion as the optical path difference from the Michelson interferometer alters. A simple theoretical analysis of the system is presented and used to derive a computer model of the optical arrangement. Results from an experimental implementation of the system, using a Wollaston prism with a beam separation of 0.5 degrees and a superluminescent diode, of wavelength 825 nm, as a light source, are included and compared to the results from the computer model.     

一种提高静态傅里叶干涉仪光谱分辨率的方法

为了在不改变静态傅里叶变换干涉具尺寸的前提下提高光谱分辨率,设计了正交斜楔型静态傅里叶变换干涉具,采用两个正交的等效斜楔形成连续的光程差变化.通过推导传统干涉具与正交斜楔型干涉具的光程差函数,设计了采用正交斜楔型干涉具增加有效探测长度,从而提高光谱分辨率的方法.经仿真计算,正交斜楔型干涉具的最大光程差为0.323 4 mm,比传统干涉具的0.080 8 mm大4倍左右,即光谱分辨率提高了4倍.实验证明,由于正交斜楔的探测原理使干涉具边缘的干涉条纹产生畸变,故要对干涉条纹进行边缘切除及滤波,给出了切除大小的计算公式.采用WQF520型光谱仪进行对比实验,检测800 nm的激光,该干涉具误差小于1 nm.该方法可有效地提高静态傅里叶变换干涉具的光谱分辨率.     

Compulsorily Phase Locked Interferometer Using Orthogonally Polarized Light Source of a Modulated LD with High Extinction Ratio

This paper describes a compulsorily phase locked differential interferometer using an orthogonally polarized light source of a modulated LD with high extinction ratio to reduce non-linearity of the interferometer caused by polarization cross-talk. The current modulated LD is used as a light source to make the interferometer compact and for the scanning phase of the interferometer. The interferometer is operated compulsorily at the maximum inclination point of the fringe intensity curve by fringe scanning and an electric system. A Wollaston prism of high extinction ratio (50 dB) is used to combine the polarizing beams and to make the polarization cross-talk very small. In one light source the polarized output beams are on the same propagation axis; in the other they have a small crossing angle (2.5 mrad ∼ 10 mrad) to completely exclude non-linearity of the interferometer causded by polarization cross-talk. Using jets of a gas mixture of nitrogen and ethylene, this interferometer was demonstrated to be useful in detecting the photothermal effect of a photothermal velocimeter under phase fluctuation in a turbulent flow.     

用作超声接收器的共焦Fabry-Perot干涉仪

自行研制了一台用作超声接收器的共焦Ｆａｂｒｙ－Ｐｅｒｏｔ干涉仪。本文介绍了用该类干涉仪探测固体表面超声脉冲的原理，给出了干涉仪参数选择的依据及其具体结构形式，估价了共焦状态的精度要求，获得了干涉仪的干涉图样及锯齿波扫描透射曲线等实验结果。同时将该干涉仪成功地应用于探测激光脉冲在金属固体中激励的超声脉冲。     

光纤连接器端面几何参量自动测量仪

报道了一种高精度测量光纤连接器端面几何参量的自动测量仪。叙述了光纤连接器的端面几何参量的测量原理。由光纤连接器端面形貌和纤芯中心坐标,可以高精度得到曲率半径、顶点偏移量、端面倾斜角和光纤高度等影响连接器性能的关键端面几何参量。该仪器体积小,自动化程度高,用户界面友好,使用方便,可测量物理接触、角度式物理接触等类型的光纤连接器端面几何参量。实际测量证明,该测量仪有很好的重复测量精度。该测量仪与美国Dorc公司ZX-1 mini PMS测量仪和Norland公司NC3000测量仪相比,测量精度水平相当。该仪器样机已通过华东国家计量测试中心的测试。     

Robust one-beam interferometer with phase-delay control

A robust one-beam interferometer with external phase-delay control is described. The device resembles a Mach-Zehnder interferometer in which the two arms are together in one collimated beam. However, the proposed device is not an amplitude-division interferometer but a wave-front division one. The phase-delay control occurs at the interferometer output with the help of two polarizing beam splitters, a quarter-wave plate, a Faraday rotator, and a polarizer. An additional phase delay is introduced by application of an electrical current to the Faraday rotator or by rotation of the polarizer (the latter is of topological origin), which permits the use of techniques of phase-stepping interferometry.     

Passively stabilized single-photon interferometer

A single-photon interferometer is a fundamental element in quantum information science. In most previously reported works, single-photon interferometers use an active feedback locking system to stabilize the relative phase between two arms of the interferometer. Here, we use a pair of beam displacers to construct a passively stable single-photon interferometer. The relative phase stabilization between the two arms is achieved by stabilizing the temperature of the beam displacers. A purely polarized single-photon-level pulse is directed into the interferometer input port. By analyzing and measuring the polarization states of the single-photon pulse at the output port, the achieved polarization fidelity of the interferometer is about 99.1 ±0.1%. Our passively stabilized single-photon interferometer provides a key element for generating high-fidelity entanglement between a photon and atomic memory.     

半导体激光微小振动实时干涉测量仪

设计了一种半导体激光干涉测量仪,可以实时测量物体的微小振动。通过信号处理电路对干涉信号进行分析,得到实际振动的振幅和频率。给出了具体的理论分析,实验结果验证了该干涉仪的实用性。     

Investigation of interference field phase distribution with a lateral shearing interferometer

Problems of investigating the interference field are discussed. An investigation method is suggested which is based on using an imperfect plane-parallel plate lateral shearing interferometer for comparing aberrations in the arms of the two-beam interferometer which generates the interference field. It is demonstrated that equipartition of interference field fringes can be analyzed to an accuracy of λ/100 which exceeds the manufacturing accuracy of the lateral shearing interferometer.     

Zygo interferometer for measuring refractive index of liquids and its application for heavy water analysis

The Zygo interferometer for measuring refractive index of liquids such as heavy water is presented. The accuracy of measurement in the refractive index of liquids is found to be ±0.0002 in the Zygo interferometer. An application of Zygo interferometer for heavy water analysis is also presented. The interferometer is found to be useful for determining the percentage purity of heavy water with an accuracy of ±5% in the purity range of 0–100%.     

利用原子干涉仪的相位调制进行绝对转动测量

提出一种基于原子干涉仪的相位调制进行绝对转动测量的方法.以π/2-π-π/2构型的空间型原子干涉仪为例,通过对拉曼激光进行相位调制,然后在动量谱空间测量转动对原子速度谱的调制周期,获得原子干涉仪相对惯性空间的绝对转动.文章对于采用该法进行角速度测量的测量范围以及对相位调制频率的要求进行了分析,对于散粒噪声限下的转动测量灵敏度及其影响因素进行了仿真. 关键词： 原子干涉仪 原子陀螺 相位调制 绝对转动测量     

Heterodyne interferometer scheme using a double pass in an acousto-optic modulator

We introduce a heterodyne interferometer scheme utilizing the double-pass arrangement of the deflected beams of an acousto-optic modulator. To prove our new idea, the interferometer has been applied for measuring small amplitude vibrations. The output intermediate frequency signal from the interferometer is processed by using an I/Q demodulator. In theory, it can provide the quantum noise limited sensitivity, whereas, in our present Letter, the sensitivity of the phase measurement is limited by the resolution of the 16?bit A/D converter used for processing the I/Q signals. Details of our interferometer scheme are discussed.     

Photonic crystal fiber interferometer composed of a long period fiber grating and one point collapsing of air holes

We present an all-fiber interferometer fabricated with a single piece of an endless single-mode photonic crystal fiber (PCF) by an electric arc discharge. By forming a long period grating (LPG) at a point and collapsing the air holes at another point along the PCF, the simple but effective interferometer could be implemented. The LPG made a strong wavelength selective mode coupling between the core and cladding modes in the interesting wavelength range, while the air-hole collapse induced wavelength independent mode couplings. By cascading them, we could implement the all-fiber interferometer. As a potential application of the proposed all PCF interferometer, strain sensing is experimentally demonstrated.     

高消光比双通马赫-曾德尔干涉仪梳状滤波器

提出了一种新颖结构的高消光比双通马赫-曾德尔干涉仪梳状滤波器，将常规单通马赫-曾德尔干涉仪的两个输出端与光隔离器连接，构成一个双通马赫-曾德尔干涉仪梳妆滤波器，对滤波器的输出特性进行了理论分析和实验研究。数值模拟表明，与常规的单通马赫-曾德尔干涉仪相比，在相同参量的情况下该双通马赫-曾德尔干涉仪梳妆滤器的消光比得到了大大改善，消光比的提高取决于干涉仪的臂长差，当干涉仪的臂长差为0．7366mm时，消光比提高了20dB。实验结果表明，双通马赫-曾德尔干涉仪梳妆滤器的消光比为25．8dB，消光比提高了13dB。     

Ordinary SQUID interferometers and superfluid helium matter wave interferometers: The role of quantum fluctuations

When comparing the operation of a superfluid helium matter wave quantum interferometer (He SQUID) with that of an ordinary direct-current quantum interferometer (dc SQUID), we estimate their resolution limitation that correspond to quantum fluctuations. An alternative mode of operation of the interferometer as a unified macroquantum system is considered.     

Measuring gravitational effect of superintense laser by spin-squeezed Bose—Einstein condensates interferometer

We consider an extremely intense laser, enclosed by an atom interferometer. The gravitational potential generated from the high-intensity laser is solved from the Einstein field equation under the Newtonian limit. We compute the strength of the gravitational force and study the feasibility of measuring the force by the atom interferometer. The intense laser field from the laser pulse can induce a phase change in the interferometer with Bose-Einstein condensates. We push up the sensitivity limit of the interferometer with Bose-Einstein condensates by spin-squeezing effect and determine the sensitivity gap for measuring the gravitational effect from intense laser by atom interferometer.     

Polarization phase-shifting lateral shearing interferometer with two polarization beam splitter plates

We proposed a compact and simple polarization phase-shifting lateral shearing interferometer using two polarization beam splitter plates (PBSP). This interferometer is composed of two PBSP, a quarter-wave plate, an analyzer and a CCD camera. With the two PBSP positioned in appropriate spatial positions, optical path difference compensation is achieved, which allows for the implement of aplanatic and common-path shearing interferometer. Therefore, the system possesses significant advantages of simple structure, compact and strong anti-interference ability. The effectiveness of the interferometer is demonstrated by simulations and experiments.     

X-ray phase contrast imaging with optical magnification using three-block interferometer with bi-level Fresnel zone plates

The possibility of X-ray phase contrast imaging using already suggested three-block interferometer consisting of bi-level Fresnel zone plates is considered. The interferometer operates in the amplitude-division mode and does not impose strong requirements to spatial and temporal coherences of an initial radiation. The use of the Fresnel zone plates as the interferometer blocks allows one to obtain an optically magnified image of an object and to condense the radiation incident on the tested object.