合成条件对磷钨杂多酸季铵盐催化剂性能的影响

 采用廉价的季铵盐［C16H33(CH3)3(70%)+C18H37(CH3)3(30%)］N+Cl-(简记为Q+Cl-)代替［C5H5NC16H33］+Cl-作为相转移剂,制备了一种新型的反应控制相转移催化剂,详细考察了制备过程中各因素对催化剂性能的影响,确定了适宜的催化剂制备条件,同时对催化剂的 31P NMR上的各峰进行了归属. 研究结果表明,在1-辛烯环氧化反应中,催化剂各组分在双氧水作用下能够相互转化形成合适比例的多组分复合催化剂,催化活性较高,但任一组分单独作用时催化活性则较低.     

制备高碳醇用Cu-Zn-Zr催化剂的研究

研究了制备高碳醇用新的催化体系ＣｕＺｎＺｒ．ＣｕＺｎＺｒ催化剂可用Ｃｕ（ＮＯ３）２,Ｚｎ（ＮＯ３）２,ＺｒＯＣｌ２和Ｎａ２ＣＯ３为原料,采用并流共沉淀法制备．研究结果表明,ＣｕＺｎＺｒ催化剂对脂肪酸甲酯加氢制备高碳脂肪醇具有很高的活性．催化剂的活性测定结果及ＸＲＤ和ＴＰＲ表征结果表明,Ｃｕ和Ｚｎ都是该催化剂的活性组分,Ｃｕ０和ＺｎＯ是其活性物相,Ｚｒ组分以ＺｒＯ物相存在,对活性组分起着间隔分散作用．用ＡＳＡＰ２０００型物理吸附仪测定了催化剂的比表面积、比孔容、孔结构和孔径分布,揭示了在不同条件下制备的ＣｕＺｎＺｒ催化剂活性差异的原因     

光还原Pt掺杂三维有序大孔ZrO2复合材料的光降解与光解水制氢

同体催化剂的微观结构及表面形貌等对其催化性能有显著影响,因此催化剂的制备已经成为催化领域的研究焦点.在诸多催化剂制备方法中,溶剂热法以其操作简单、反应速度快、条件温和、结晶度高及粒度可控性好等独特的优势脱颖而出.我们以乙二醇和离子液体为典型溶剂阐述了溶剂热法的特点及工艺过程中的主要影响冈素,综述了近年来溶剂热法在金属氧化物、分子筛以及贵金属等催化剂制备中的运用,对溶剂热法制备催化剂进行了展望.     

碳质与金属催化剂热催化裂解甲烷产氢研究进展

甲烷裂解制氢方法具有产氢纯度高和清洁无污染的特点,被认为是当前最有前景的制氢方法之一.现阶段甲烷裂解制氢的研究工作主要集中于制备活性与稳定性兼备的催化剂.我们综述了近年来甲烷裂解制氢反应中碳质催化剂和金属催化剂两大系列催化剂的研究进展,从载体、活性组分、助剂3个方法对目前催化剂裂解甲烷产氢性能的影响进行了系统分析,总结了反应机理和催化剂的失活与再生情况,在以上基础上对催化剂未来的发展趋势进行了展望.     

Preparation and Catalytic Activity of SO42-/TiO-La2O3 in Synthesis of Butyl Butyrate

Butyl butyrate is a very important compound, which is transparent liquid and has the pear,apple flavor. Natural exist is in the fruit, such as apple, pear, banana, grape and strawberry, etc.Primarily used for to prepare the edible spice and is also widely used in industrial intermediate product, solvent and synthetic perfumery. Until now, there are many methods to synthesize it.Conventionally H2SO4 was reported, but it causes many problems, such as the erosion of equipment,easily causes the vice-reaction, difficulty for after-treatment, environment pollution etc. A new environmentally friendly catalyst, SO42-/TiO2-La2O3 was prepared. And catalytic activity of catalyst in esterification of n-butanoic acid and n-butyl alcohol with SO42-/TiO2-La2O3 as catalyst has been no report up to now. Therefore, studying on the synthetic catalyst has theoretical and practical significances. The catalytic activity of catalyst in esterification of n-butanoic acid and n-butyl alcohol was measured.In this paper, we fast reported the preparation of SO42-/riO2-La2O3 and discussed the factors influencing the synthesis catalyst. The catalyst rare earth solid superacid SO42-/TiO2-La2O3 was The precipitate was filtered and washed thoroughly with distilled water until chloride ions were free.furnace at 480 ℃ for 3 h, and finally stored in a desiccator until use.The factors influencing the synthesis were discussed and the best conditions were found out. The experiment indicated that this catalyst has the following advantage. The amount of catalyst was little and getting high yield, its product has a good quanlity and is favour of reducing erosion of equipment, avoiding environment pollution. The optimum conditions are: molar ratio of n-butanoic acid to n-butyl alcohol was 1:1.5, the quantity of catalyst was equal to 1.5% of feed stocks, the reaction temperature was 93-114 ℃, and the reaction time was 1.0 h. Rare earth solid superacid SO42-/TiO2-La2O3 is an excellent catalyst for synthetizing butyl butyrate and its yield can reach over 90.0%.A good catalyst should be able to be used repeatedly. The reusing of the catalyst was studied. We found that the catalytic activities of our catalyst are almost unchanged after it had been used five times. From the above results and discussion, we can see that the synthesis of n-butyl butyrate by SO42-/TiO2-La2O3 instead of H2SO4 has a great prospect of application. It has a good applied foreground.     

汽油制氢反应催化剂制备方法研究

对汽油氧化重整制氢反应催化剂制备方法进行了实验 ,研究了双金M N/Al2 O3 预还原与否对汽油制氢反应的活性、生成氢气的选择性及催化剂的稳定性。实验结果表明 ,催化剂的制备方法不同 ,在汽油氧化重制氢反应中催化剂活性、生成氢的选择性不同 ,还原态的好于非还原态的双金属催化剂 ;还原与否对该双金属催化剂的稳定性影响不大。     

钛胶的制备条件和物性关系

钛胶是新型有广泛用途的催化剂载体。本实验测定了钛胶的孔容、比表面积、铁含量和晶型结构；研究了钛胶的制备条件和物性关系，得到一些有实用价值的实验结果。     

A practical synthesis of functionalized isoindolinones via [3 + 3] benzannulation of 1,3-bissulfonylpropenes and 4-arylmethylene-2,3-dioxopyrrolidines

A straightforward synthesis of isoindolinones has been developed via a [3?+?3] benzannulation of 4-arylmethylene-2,3-dioxopyrrolidines and 1,3-bissulfonylpropenes (or 4-sulfonylcrotonates). A series of functionalized isoindolinones were obtained in excellent yields. The reaction could be carried out under mild conditions without transition metal catalyst. The finding provides a practical approach for the preparation of isoindolinone derivatives with potential biological activities.     

Oxidative coupling of methane over La-promoted CaO catalysts： Influence of precursors and catalyst preparation method

The oxidative coupling of methane to C2 hydrocarbons has been studied over a series of La-promoted CaO (La/Ca = 0.05) catalysts, prepared using different precursor salts for CaO and La2O3 (viz. acetates, carbonates, nitrates and hydroxides) and catalyst preparation methods (viz. physical mixing of precursors, co-precipitation using ammonium carbonate/sodium carbonate as a precipitating agent), under different reaction conditions (temperature: 700-850℃, CH4/O2 ratio: 4.0 and 8.0, and GHSV: 51360 cm3 g-1 h-1)...     

制备方法对Ni/MgO/Al2O3催化剂在甲烷与二氧化碳重整反应活性的影响

采用浸渍－还原法制备的Ｎｉ／ＭｇＯ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３在ＣＨ４与ＣＯ２重整制合成气反应中显示出良好的催化性能和一定的抗积炭能力;在１０２３Ｋ下流动反应气氛中连续运转１００ｈ,未见活性下降,ＣＨ４及Ｃ弦均为９０％左右,ＣＯ收率高于９０％,实验还发现,ＣＨ４转化率随着原料气中ＣＯ２浓度的增加而升高,当Ｖ（ＣＯ２）／Ｖ（ＣＨ４）＝２时ＣＨ４转化率可达１００％,通过ＢＥＴ比表面积测定及ＸＲＤ,ＴＥＭ等分析手段,比     

超细Ir催化剂对氨氧化的电催化性能

报道了一种新型的、用NH4F作络合剂的络合还原法制备的Ir催化剂及其对氨氧化的电催化性能. 结果表明, 由于溶液中的Ir3+和NH4F形成络合物, 因此用这种络合法制得Ir催化剂中Ir粒子的平均粒径为2.8 nm, 要比不加络合剂时制得的Ir催化剂中Ir粒子的平均粒径(7.5 nm)小很多. 所以, 用络合还原法制得的Ir催化剂对氨氧化的电催化活性和稳定性都比不加络合剂时制得的Ir催化剂好很多. 且该制备方法简单、实用, 适用于催化剂的实际生产.     

Relationship between surface microstructure and properties of supported catalyst Rh/Ys

The inner structure of Rh/Ys,a novel high efficiency supported catalyst,and the spreading of Rh on the Ys surface were analyzed through electron transmission microscopy and scanning tunnel microscopy.The relationship between the distribution of Rh over the support and the preparation temperature of th catalyst was determined.The formation of Rh-C bond was confirmed by XPS and far-IR spectra.The loss of Rh from the surface of the support and the catalytic activity under different preparation conditions have been compared.The internal factors for the high activity and high stability of the novel Rh/Ys catalyst have been discussed.     

Enantio- and diastereoselective Michael addition reactions of unmodified aldehydes and ketones with nitroolefins catalyzed by a pyrrolidine sulfonamide

Chiral (S)-pyrrolidine trifluoromethanesulfonamide has been shown to serve as an effective catalyst for direct Michael addition reactions of aldehydes and ketones with nitroolefins. A wide range of aldehydes and ketones as Michael donors and nitroolefins as acceptors participate in the process, which proceeds with high levels of enantioselectivity (up to 99 % ee) and diastereoselectivity (up to 50:1 d.r.). The methodology has been employed successfully in an efficient synthesis of the potent H(3) agonist Sch 50917. In addition, a practical three-step procedure for the preparation of (S)-pyrrolidine trifluoromethanesulfonamide has been developed. The high levels of stereochemical control attending Michael addition reactions catalyzed by this pyrrolidine sulfonamide, have been investigated by using ab initio and density functional methods. Transition state structures for the rate-limiting C--C bond-forming step, corresponding to re- and si-face addition to the reactive conformation of the key enamine intermediates have been calculated. Analysis of these structures indicates that hydrogen bonding plays an important role in catalysis and that the energy barrier for si-face attack in reactions of aldehydes to form 2R,3S products is lower than that for the re-face attack leading to 2S,3R products. In contrast, the energy barrier for re-face addition is lower than that for si-face addition in reactions of ketones. The computational results, which are in good agreement with the experimental observations, are discussed in the context of the stereochemical course of these Michael addition reactions.     

Tandem chalcone-sulfonamide hybridization,cyclization and further Claisen–Schmidt condensation: Tuning molecular diversity through reaction time and order and catalyst

We here report the synthesis of novel chalcone-sulfonamide compounds based on the hybridization at 2′ position and nitro substitution at the side chalcone phenyl ring followed by tandem cyclization into quinolinone derivatives and then a further aldol condensation only as a function of the reaction time. Therefore, for the first time, we have controlled the sequential preparation of chalcone-sulfonamide hybrids, quinolinones and then (E)-3-ene-2,3-dihydroquinolinones simply stopping reaction over increasing time periods. Furthermore, a new molecular scaffold based on a chalcone-(bis)sulfonamide hybrid has been gotten through changing the sequence of coupling reactions and catalyst. This study means practical and useful ways of constructing in high yields new biologically active compounds bearing diversified molecular scaffolds.     

Ag2CO3-catalyzed efficient synthesis of internal or terminal propargylicamines and chalcones via A3-coupling under solvent-free condition

Several simple, fast and practical protocols have been developed to synthesize internal or terminal propargylamines and chalcones via A³-coupling reaction of aldehydes, amines, and alkynes catalyzed by an easily available catalyst Ag₂CO₃ under solvent-free condition. The reaction proceeded smoothly to deliver various products in good-to-excellent yields with good functional group tolerance. Gram-scale preparation, bioactive molecule synthesis and asymmetric substrates have been demonstrated. Furthermore, plausible mechanisms for the synthesis of different products have been proposed.     

基底表面构建单原子催化剂与催化性能研究进展

近年来,单原子催化剂因其较高的催化活性和选择性等优点而受到了人们的广泛关注.我们综述了以C,Si,Ti,Al为基底的单原子催化剂的制备方法,并对以不同材料基底制备单原子催化剂的制备方法、形成机理及优势特点进行了比较.通过对单原子制备、表征方法及催化活性的概述,以期对制备单原子催化剂提供一定的借鉴和指导.研究表明,单原子...     

Surface science approach to the solid-liquid interface: surface-dependent precipitation of Ni(OH)2 on α-Al2O3 surfaces

Surface-dependent precipitation: The adsorption of Ni(II) complexes in aqueous solution on (0001) and (1102) α-Al(2)O(3) single-crystal surfaces has been studied (see the X-ray absorption spectra obtained for parallel and perpendicular polarization directions). The use of planar model systems emphasizes the crucial role of the Al(2)O(3) orientation for Ni dispersion with practical implications in catalyst preparation procedures.     

汽车用聚烯烃材料单一化关键技术研究

介绍了我们在聚丙烯釜内合金的催化剂制备、聚合工艺、结构性能关系和加工应用等方面的研究成果。以新型给电子体Ziegler-Natta催化剂和Ziegler-Natta/茂金属复合催化剂为基础,在中国石油自己的聚丙烯中试装置上成功制备出从高刚到高韧的三个釜内合金基础树脂,以此开发出系列汽车用聚丙烯专用料,并对专用料的成型与汽车制件的应用进行了研究。本研究成果为聚丙烯釜内合金树脂在汽车塑料中的广泛应用奠定了技术和产业基础。     

规整中孔TiO2微球的均相沉淀合成及其在环戊烯氧化反应中的应用

TiO2作为重要的功能性环保无机材料, 因具有特殊的光电性质和物化性能而广泛应用于介(压)电材料、涂料及催化等领域[1～3]. 戊二醛(Glutaraldehyde)是一种重要的精细化学品, 但其生产工艺复杂、条件苛刻. 邓景发等[4]成功开发了以环戊烯为原料, 双氧水为氧化剂, 均相钨酸为催化剂的新型一步法合成路线, 工艺操作简单, 降低了生产成本. 但由于均相催化剂分离复杂, 其固载化方法正在研究中[5～7]. 本文以TiCl4为前驱体, 在均相醇-水热体系中首次合成了高比表面积和规整中孔结构的TiO2微球(约3.6 μm), 其外壳约100 nm, 空隙壳层约300 nm. 考察了制备条件对TiO2微球结构的影响, 并采用孔分布, XRD, SEM及TEM等手段对该TiO2微球进行了表征, 同时考察了TiO2微球负载的WO3催化剂在环戊烯催化氧化合成戊二醛中的反应行为, 并与其它载体进行了比较.     

Preparation method effect on the physicochemical and catalytic properties of a methane dehydroaromatization catalyst

The molybdenum precursor effect on the physicochemical properties of the Мо/ZSM-5 catalyst and on its catalytic properties in nonoxidative methane conversion into aromatic hydrocarbons has been investigated. The textural characteristics of molybdenum catalysts have been determined by low-temperature nitrogen adsorption, and their acidity has been measured by temperature-programmed ammonia desorption. The microstructure and composition of Mo/ZSM-5 samples have been determined by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The activity and on-stream stability of the Мо-containing zeolite catalyst in the nonoxidative conversion of methane depend on the type of molybdenum compound that was used in catalyst preparation.