基质折射率对金属粒子散射特性的影响

基于Mie散射理论,给出了金属粒子的散射、吸收和消光截面以及散射场强度的计算公式,并计算了三种金属(金、银、铜)粒子在不同折射率基质中的光学截面和散射强度.结果表明,在近红外区,这三种金属粒子的散射行为随基质折射率的变化规律相同,折射率越大散射特性越明显.     

小尺度波纹对KDP光学元件透射比的影响

高精度KDP晶体是惯性约束核聚变光路系统中的重要元件,而已加工表面的小尺度波纹对光学元件的透射比有着重要影响。采用傅里叶模方法理论分析了表面小尺度波纹的幅值及周期对KDP光学元件透射比的影响。研究结果表明,当小尺度波纹幅值小于100 nm时,透射比随波纹幅值的增加基本呈线性增长,波纹幅值每提高10 nm.透射比可提高近0.5%;透射比随着小尺度波纹周期的增加围绕中心透射比上下浮动,透射比振幅基本保持不变.且中心透射比及透射比振幅均随着小尺度波纹幅值的增加而增大;小尺度波纹周期在10.5～12μm区间内时透射比明显很低,需采取措施避免小尺度波纹的周期出现在此区间。对KDP晶体进行了加工、表面形貌检测及透射比检测的实验,实验结果与理论计算结果基本吻合。     

微粒子的线度对Mie散射光强度影响的研究

根据Mie散射理论,研究了粒子线度对Mie散射光强的影响,不同性质的粒子,其影响效果不同,在固定入射波长条件下,散射光强随粒子线度呈周期变化,同时发现H2O微粒子散射光强峰峰间距与粒子的线度和波长的关系可简单的表示为Δa=-0.133 3+0.222λ.     

基质折射率对金属粒子散射特性的影响

基于Mie散射理论，给出了金属粒子的散射、吸收和消光截面以及散射场强度的计算公式，并计算了三种金属粒子在不同折射率基质中的光学截面和散射强度。结果表明，金属粒子的散射行为随基质折射率的变化规律相同，折射率越大散射特性越明显。     

光学镜面洁净度对激光传输特性的影响(英文)

光学系统性能的优劣与光学镜表面的散射情况息息相关.根据米氏理论并利用MATLAB软件,对可见光(0.632 8μm)、近红外光(1.053μm)和热红外光(10.6μm)三种激光在干净、基本洁净(洁净度200)、轻度污染(洁净度500)及重度污染(洁净度750)四种光学镜面洁净度下镜面的双向反射分布函数进行了模拟计算.结果表明:光学镜面的表面粗糙度和表面洁净度影响镜面的双向反射分布函数.进而对光学系统的性能会产生显著的影响,且波长越短,双向反射分布函数越大,散射越复杂.这为光学工程中光学镜面的污染评估和镜面清洁提供有益帮助.     

10−9量级高灵敏度点源透射比测试设备研究

为了实现对光学系统杂散光抑制能力的定量评价,开展了10^?9量级高灵敏度点源透射比测试设备的研究和实验验证。采用脉冲光源、脉冲探测的新测量方法,在保证测试系统具有高灵敏度测量能力的同时,简化了微弱光电信号探测组件的复杂程度,建立了一套最大测试口径为600 mm、测试波长为527 nm的点源透射比测试设备,并利用该设备测试了一台250 mm口径空间光学相机的点源透射比。实验结果表明:60°入射角度时的点源透射比测试结果为1.68×10^?9。证明该设备的测试误差在10^?9或更低的量级,具备10^?9量级高灵敏度点源透射比测试能力。本文研究可以为天文望远镜、星敏感器、空间目标监视载荷等多种类型的光学仪器提供杂光抑制性能评估。     

基于点源透过率的空间光学系统杂光测量

杂光测量是光学系统杂光分析的有效途径之一,它能够对消杂光设计结果进行准确的评估.针对空间光学系统的工作环境,考虑到其视场外有强烈辐射源(如太阳等),采用点源透过率方法来验证光学系统抑制杂光的能力.搭建了一套无中心遮挡的离轴抛物面反射式杂光测量装置,测量动态范围为10-1～10-11.利用该装置对口径为300mm、全视场...     

基质折射率对反常色散散射体散射特性的影响

基于Mie散射理论,给出了散射强度、散射截面及吸收截面的计算公式,并对不同基质中碳化硅材料在反常色散区中的散射特性进行了数值计算与理论分析。结果表明,在反常色散区中,随着基质折射率的增大,散射强度的峰位发生红移,峰值增大;散射截面和吸收截面的峰位发生红移,峰值减小,这为该材料在反常色散区中的光学理论、实验及应用方面提供了理论参考。     

基质折射率对反常色散散射体散射特性的影响

基于Mie散射理论,给出了散射强度、散射截面及吸收截面的计算公式,并对不同基质中碳化硅材料在反常色散区中的散射特性进行了数值计算与理论分析。结果表明,在反常色散区中,随着基质折射率的增大,散射强度的峰位发生红移,峰值增大;散射截面和吸收截面的峰位发生红移,峰值减小,这为该材料在反常色散区中的光学理论、实验及应用方面提供了理论参考。     

Au粒子在不同基质中Mie散射特性的研究

根据Mie散射理论,给出了金属粒子的散射、消光和吸收截面以及散射场强度的计算公式,并数值计算了在λ=r=1μm时,金属Au粒子在五种不同的基质中的散射截面和散射光强,结果表明基质折射率越大散射特性越强。     

Monte Carlo simulation of light scattering from size distributed sub-micron spherical CdS particles in a volume element

Simulation of polarized light scattering by spherical particles having modal radius of 180 nm is presented in this paper. A Monte Carlo method which is based on the Stokes-Mueller formalism developed in ANSI Standard C-language is used for simulation. Single scattering is considered in our program with monodispersed sub-micron sized spherical CdS particles. We have considered only θ dependent scattering as described by Mie theory for spherical CdS particles. The experiments for studying light scattering properties of these particles were conducted in a designed and developed laser based light scattering studies setup. The simulation results were compared with experimental results and theoretical results obtained purely from Mie theory. The closeness of agreement or disagreement between these results is discussed in this paper.     

聚合物中多重光散射传导的Monte Carlo数值模拟

基于米氏散射(Mie scattering)理论,建立填充分散粒子群的聚合物对光散射传导的Monte Carlo数学模型.在此基础上,编写了一套仿真模拟程序.通过模拟单个光子在聚合物中的多重散射运动过程,把问题扩展到以激光束或线状光为入射源,得到在聚合物板块内的光传导情况,并且在计算机上图像化地重现整个物理过程,对输出光强的分布情况进行模拟统计分析.模拟结果表明,利用体散射机制,可以将点光源和线光源转换为平面光输出,输出光的状态可以通过对比计算结果实施有效控制.     

Instrumental Requirements for Non-Invasive Blood Glucose Measurement Using NIR Spectroscopy

The magnitude of spectral change in blood glucose measurements with diffuse reflectance spectroscopy is investigated. Spectral change is estimated by simulation of light propagation in skin tissue and measurements of absorbance spectra of aqueous glucose solution. Required sensitivity of spectrophotometers for monitoring change in the blood glucose concentration as small as 10 mg/dL has been obtained using the estimated change in the absorbance spectrum and mean pathlength of light in tissue.     

用于高能X射线能谱测量的MLS法

为满足高能X射线能谱测量的需要,提出采用MLS法进行能谱测量的方案。MLS法克服了其他测量方法散射不易控制、光场不均匀性影响较大的缺点,还具有对不同角度能谱进行测量的优势。对MLS法的测量原理以及测量过程中的注意事项进行了明确,并利用蒙特卡罗方法针对一特定的X射线能谱设计了两种不同介质的测量装置,并将测量装置自身散射的影响控制在5%以内。     

Investigation of scatter from out of the field of view and multiple scatter in PET using Monte Carlo simulations

In fully three-dimensional (3D) positron emission tomography (PET) imaging, the scatter fraction (SF) is about 40%-60%, which may degrade the imaging quality severely. Scatter correction is important for high quality image reconstruction. Model-based scatter correction has been proved to be accurate and available in clinical PET. However, it does not correct the scatter from out of the field of view (OFOV) and multiple scatters. In this study, we demonstrate the radial and axial distribution of scatters from OFOV when the source is located in different radial positions. In order to apply the above conclusions to different PET systems, we characterize the scatters from OFOV as a function of the ratio of the scanner diameter to the length of the axial field of view (AFOV) by modeling several typical whole-body and micro PET systems. The proportions of true events (S_0-0), single scatter of one photon (S_1-0) , single scatter of both photons (S_1-1) , double scatter of one photon (S_2-0) and multiple scatter (S_m) are also calculated and compared. Here the 3D-PET Monte Carlo simulations are performed with the Geant4 Application for Tomography Emission (GATE). In summary, the scatters from OFOV tend to be recorded on the lines of response (LOR) far away from the source. They have a much more serious impact on whole-body PET than micro PET depending on the ratio of scanner diameter to the length of AFOV. In whole-body PET, twice scatters including single scatter of both photons (S_1-1) and double scatter of one photon (S_2-0) add up to about 12% so that twice scatter correction must be taken into account to acquire a high quality reconstruction image.     

水下激光通信中脉冲时域展宽的模拟计算方法

针对激光脉冲在水下传输时导致脉冲的时域展宽,严重地影响了水下激光通信的性能。以蒙特卡罗模拟为手段,在一定的水质条件下,对激光脉冲经过不同传输距离后的脉冲宽度进行了计算机模拟,模拟结果与实验测量数据相符,精确度高于其他方法,该方法尤其适用于激光脉冲远距离传输的情况,证明了该方法可准确地计算激光脉冲展宽后的脉宽值,能有效地提高水下激光通信的性能。     

Experimentally validated Raman Monte Carlo simulation for a cuboid object to obtain Raman spectroscopic signatures for hidden material

In conventional Raman spectroscopic measurements of liquids or surfaces the preferred geometry for detection of the Raman signal is the backscattering (or reflection) mode. For non‐transparent layered materials, sub‐surface Raman signals have been retrieved using spatially offset Raman spectroscopy (SORS), usually with light collection in the same plane as the point of excitation. However, as a result of multiple scattering in a turbid medium, Raman photons will be emitted in all directions. In this study, Monte Carlo simulations for a three‐dimensional layered sample with finite geometry have been performed to confirm the detectability of Raman signals at all angles and at all sides of the object. We considered a non‐transparent cuboid container (high density polyethylene) with explosive material (ammonium nitrate) inside. The simulation results were validated with experimental Raman intensities. Monte Carlo simulation results reveal that the ratio of sub‐surface to surface signals improves at geometries other than backscattering. In addition, we demonstrate through simulations the effects of the absorption and scattering coefficients of the layers, and that of the diameter of the excitation beam. The advantage of collecting light from all possible 4π angles, over other collection modes, is that this technique is not geometry specific and molecular identification of layers underneath non‐transparent surfaces can be obtained with minimal interference from the surface layer. To what extent all sides of the object will contribute to the total signal will depend on the absorption and scattering coefficients and the physical dimensions. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.