董海山

中国化工材料专家，1932年10月18日出生于河北省滦县，中共党员。1956年8月丝于北京工业学院，1957-1961年在前苏联列宁格勒苏维埃化工学院攻读研究生，获副博士学位，同年8月被分配到二机部第九研究院工作历任科研组长、研究室主任，研究所副所长、所科技委主任等职。     

Three-Dimensional Mode Coupling around a Conical Seamount and the Use of Random Discretization

Three-dimensional mode coupling around a conical seamount in an ocean waveguide is studied. It is shown that strong mode coupling occurs at the edge of a conical seamount for the incident normal modes with significant amplitudes below the top of the seamount. Therefore, mode coupling is critical for the investigation of the acoustic field around a seamount. In addition, we suggest the use of random discretization for representing smoothly varying bathymetry. For the use of uniform discretization, when the horizontal step size is greater than half of the wavelength, artificial diffraction lobes appear due to coherent backscatter. However, by using the random discretization scheme instead, such artificial diffraction lobes are diffused, resulting in a faster convergence rate.     

非均匀磁化的海山磁性的反演

本文提出一种反演非均匀磁化的海山磁性的新方法——虚源法。海山的磁化强度由均匀和不均匀两部分组成。将均匀磁化强度J_0看作位于无穷远处的虚磁源在海山中产生的场,非均匀磁化强度J′看作位于海山外部的一组虚磁源在海山中产生的场的和。用最优化的方法使剩余异常取极小来反演J_0和J′。模型研究表明,虚源法反演得到的均匀磁化强度J_0与海山的主磁化方向很接近。     

富钴结壳铂族元素超细标准物质的研制

2个富钴结壳铂族元素(PGEs)标准物质MCPt-1和MCPt-2的原样分别由中国和俄罗斯取自中太平洋海山和西太平洋麦哲伦海山区.样品经风干、选配,先经球磨制备成74 μm(200目)粉体样品,再用气流磨将其进一步加工成具有超细粒度的均匀样品.采用激光粒度仪检测样品的粒度分布,其平均粒度分别为1.8和1.5 μm(约2 000目).采用高精度的X射线荧光光谱法(XRF)和电子探针方法分别检验了6个主、次元素在mg和μg取样量水平上的均匀性,用LA-ICP-MS检验了包括Pt在内的40多个痕量元素在μg量水平上的均匀性.样品采用锍镍火试金和Carius管预富集和酸溶消解,除Rh外均采用同位素稀释电感耦合等离子体质谱测定(ID-ICP-MS),确定了MCPt-1和MCPt-2中6个铂族元素的标准值;采用XRF和ICP-AES、ICP-MS方法相结合给出了62个主、次和痕量元素的信息值.最小取样量分别为1 g(测定PGEs)和2 mg(测定其他元素).     

中太平洋M海山富钴结壳稀土元素地球化学

用ICP-AES和重量法测试了中太平洋M海山不同水深范围内(1300~3000 m)25个富钴结壳样品的稀土元素和常量元素。结果显示M海山富钴结壳为水成结壳,稀土元素总量平均为2084.69μg.g-1,LREE/HREE平均为4.84,具有正的Ce异常。ΣREE(不含Ce)随水深增加而增加,而Ce和LREE/HREE比值则以文石溶跃面为界(水深2000 m)呈现不同的变化,稀土元素这些变化除了与海洋背景颗粒的吸附清扫有关外,还与稀土元素在海水中的行为有关。富钴结壳Ce虽随水深变化,但与水深关系不明显,可能反映其通量恒定。富钴结壳中Ce基本全为Ce(Ⅳ),表明氧化富集过程,这一过程受动力学因素控制。     

A Spectral Coupled-Mode Formulation for Sound Propagation around Axisymmetric Seamounts

A spectral coupled-mode solution of the three-dimensional （319） acoustic field generated by a point source in the presence o[ an axisymmetric seamount is developed. Based on the same theoretical foundation as the for- mulation presented by Taroudakis [3. Comput. Acoust. 4 （1996） 101], the present approach combines a spectral decomposition in azimuth with a coupled-mode theory for two-way range-dependent propagation. However, the earlier formulations are severely limited in terms of frequency, size and geometry o[ the seamount, the seabed composition, and the distance between the source and the seamount, and are there/ore severely limited in regard to realistic seamount problems. Without changing the fundamental theoretical foundation, the present approach applies a number of modifications to the formulation, leading to orders of magnitude improvement in numerical efficiency for realistic problems. Therefore, realistic propagation and scattering scenarios can be modeled, including effects of seamount roughness and realistic sedimentary structure.     

西太平洋海山玄武岩等离子体质谱分析及其地质意义

海山玄武岩记录着海山演化以及相关深部过程的重要信息。对西太平洋戈沃罗夫平顶海山、牛郎平顶海山、阿诺德平顶海山、斯科尔尼亚科瓦平顶海山、戈尔金平顶海山、麦克唐奈平顶海山、令仪海山、徐福平顶海山玄武岩进行岩石学和等离子体质谱测试分析,结果表明:研究区玄武岩多呈杏仁状、气孔-杏仁状、块状构造,斑状结构。岩石主要由斑晶、基质组成。斑晶的矿物成份主要为斜长石、橄榄石和单斜辉石。基质的矿物成份主要为斜长石、橄榄石、单斜辉石和玻璃质等。不同海山玄武岩的稀土配分模式以及稀土参数均反映了洋岛玄武岩的典型特征,表明了研究区海山是一组属于多热点成因的典型板内火山型海山,可能受过了多期次的区内断裂岩浆活动的影响。