基于位姿图优化的MEMS-INS/GNSS行人融合定位方法

为了实现消防救援、反恐作战等应急任务复杂场景下行人的室内外无缝定位,提出了一种基于位姿图优化的综合利用微惯性导航系统和全球卫星导航系统的融合定位方法。首先利用经典的EKF滤波算法实现微惯导和卫导融合定位,结合卫导长期精度较高、误差稳定和不随时间累积的优点以及微惯导短时精度高、输出连续、自主定位的优点,实现行人在复杂环境中的室内外无缝定位。在此基础上,提出了一种图优化结合EKF的融合定位新框架,利用卫导定位终端和足部微惯导定位模块进行了实验,比较EKF、图优化-EKF两种算法的融合定位效果。实验结果显示,面对室内外复杂环境,单纯的EKF算法融合定位轨迹航向偏差较大,图优化-EKF算法在轨迹方向保持性上表现更佳,相比EKF算法其融合定位轨迹航向误差减小了48.87%,位姿图优化-EKF算法具有更好的全局稳定性和航向精准度,显著降低了卫星测量异常值对融合定位结果的影响。     

配合参数对单晶炉驱动系统的影响分析

光伏产业的发展使得对硅材料的需求日益增加,同时硅单晶生产行业竞争也日趋激烈。作为生产硅单晶的重要装备,单晶炉的稳定性和可靠性关系到硅单晶生产效率的提升和成本的下降,因此其驱动系统的设计和优化成为装备制造的关键环节。本文以NVT-HG2000-V1型硅单晶生长炉的驱动系统为研究对象,用SolidWorks三维建模实现虚拟装配,采用ADAMS建立其动力学仿真模型,并对驱动系统的运动过程进行仿真模拟。采用控制变量法定量分析了铜套与升降轴的配合间隙及丝杠参数对驱动力和驱动力矩的影响规律,进而在提高硅单晶生长炉装备稳定性和可靠性方面给出合理的技术建议。结果表明,铜套与升降轴的配合间隙达到0.071 mm后能有效降低驱动系统运行所需驱动力矩,丝杠倾斜度、螺纹螺距与螺纹间摩擦系数的增大均会导致驱动系统运行所需力矩大幅增加。     

基于不同策略的三角形区域Hotelling模型混沌动力学分析

建立三角形区域双寡头Hotelling博弈模型,研究了具有不同价格竞争策略的复杂动力学问题.当某些参数发生变化时,会打破系统的纳什均衡,出现分岔、混沌、吸引子和初始条件敏感依赖性等动力学行为,计算了其分形维数.结果表明,采用OYG控制方法,可实现良好的混沌控制效果,使市场回归稳定.     

一类二阶非线性p-Laplace系统快速同宿轨的存在性

考虑了一类二阶非线性p-Laplace系统的快速同宿轨问题.利用临界点理论中的山路引理和对称山路引理,获得了系统快速同宿轨存在性与多重性的结果.     

基于NiCo2O4纳米片电极的非对称混合电容器

The looming global energy crisis and ever-increasing energy demands have catalyzed the development of renewable energy storage systems. In this regard, supercapacitors (SCs) have attracted widespread attention because of their advantageous attributes such as high power density, excellent cycle stability, and environmental friendliness. However, SCs exhibit low energy density and it is important to optimize electrode materials to improve the overall performance of these devices. Among the various electrode materials available, spinel nickel cobaltate (NiCo₂O₄) is particularly interesting because of its excellent theoretical capacitance. Based on the understanding that the performances of the electrode materials strongly depend on their morphologies and structures, in this study, we successfully synthesized NiCo₂O₄ nanosheets on Ni foam via a simple hydrothermal route followed by calcination. The structures and morphologies of the as-synthesized products were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area analysis, and the results showed that they were uniformly distributed on the Ni foam support. The surface chemical states of the elements in the samples were identified by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The as-synthesized NiCo₂O₄ products were then tested as cathode materials for supercapacitors in a traditional three-electrode system. The electrochemical performances of the NiCo₂O₄ electrode materials were studied and the area capacitance was found to be 1.26 C·cm^-2 at a current density of 1 mA·cm^-2. Furthermore, outstanding cycling stability with 97.6% retention of the initial discharge capacitance after 10000 cycles and excellent rate performance (67.5% capacitance retention with the current density from 1 to 14 mA·cm^-2) were achieved. It was found that the Ni foam supporting the NiCo₂O₄ nanosheets increased the conductivity of the electrode materials. However, it is worth noting that the contribution of nickel foam to the areal capacitance of the electrode materials was almost zero during the charge and discharge processes. To further investigate the practical application of the as-synthesized NiCo₂O₄ nanosheets-based electrode, a device was assembled with the as-prepared samples as the positive electrode and active carbon (AC) as the negative electrode. The assembled supercapacitor showed energy densities of 0.14 and 0.09 Wh·cm^-3 at 1.56 and 4.5 W·cm^-3, respectively. Furthermore, it was able to maintain 95% of its initial specific capacitance after 10000 cycles. The excellent electrochemical performance of the NiCo₂O₄ nanosheets could be ascribed to their unique spatial structure composed of interconnected ultrathin nanosheets, which facilitated electron transportation and ion penetration, suggesting their potential applications as electrode materials for high performance supercapacitors. The present synthetic route can be extended to other ternary transition metal oxides/sulfides for future energy storage devices and systems.     

基于有序介孔碳的氯离子选择性电极的制备及其在手持传感系统中的应用

以有序介孔碳(OMC)球为离子-电子转换层,制备了固态氯离子选择性电极,构建了基于离子敏感的场效应晶体管(ISFET)的手持式传感系统,用于检测人体血清中的氯离子。优化了OMC前驱体的碳化温度,探究了OMC形貌结构对电极传感性能的影响;电极柔性化制备后考察了其在手持系统中对氯离子的检测效果。结果表明,最优条件下,电极在5.12×10^-4~1.02 mol/L的浓度范围呈现线性响应,响应斜率为60 mV/decade。该柔性电极在手持传感系统中展现出高灵敏度和重现性,可用于人体血清样品中氯离子的检测,其回收率为96.3%~104.9%。     

粒间摩擦对含有点缺陷的二维颗粒堆积体底部力链的影响

力链对颗粒物质的宏观与微观力学性质起着决定性的作用。在离散元法的基础上,建立二维规则排列的颗粒物质系统,分别研究无缺陷颗粒系统在集中载荷变化与有缺陷颗粒系统在缺陷区域改变时,粒间摩擦系数对颗粒系统底部接触力分布规律的影响。结果表明:在无缺陷颗粒系统中,颗粒系统底部接触力的分布形式受摩擦系数和集中载荷的大小影响。随摩擦系数的增大,底部接触力由双峰形式经平台过渡,逐渐向单峰形式转变。在有缺陷颗粒系统中,摩擦系数和缺陷尺寸对底部接触力分布均有影响。同种载荷作用下,随缺陷尺寸的增大,底部接触力峰值显著增大;底部平均力被明显削弱,力向边界的传递增强。系统中轴线上缺陷的存在使底部中间区域受力削弱,当缺陷尺寸超过2层以上时,底部中间力随摩擦系数的变化特征由递增曲线演变为线形衰减曲线。     

电气线路互联系统线缆抗高空核电磁脉冲耦合效应

高空核电磁脉冲（HEMP）对电子设备的耦合途径主要有两方面:一方面是通过装备（产品）上的天线耦合通道进入到电子系统内的“前门耦合”方式；另一方面则是“后门耦合”，即通过装备（产品）上的壳体、电源线、电缆、机箱的缝隙、孔洞等途径进行耦合。主要研究电气线路互联系统(EWIS)线缆抗高空核电磁脉冲耦合效应，通过研究HEMP干扰的特征、能量分布，搭建HEMP数学模型，采用控制变量法，改变EWIS线缆类型、离地高度等要素，通过在CST上建立仿真模型以及开展试验，分析HEMP对电子设备造成的影响程度，得到HEMP耦合效应的一般性结论与规律。