基于脉冲响应函数的降水和气温与径流变化的关系研究

依据渭河流域下游水文代表站和气象代表站1960～2005年的径流、降水和气温资料,采用脉冲响应函数和方差分解法,对降水和气温与径流变化的关系进行研究.结果表明,降水对径流变化具有正向促进作用,径流对降水变化具有弱促进作用;气温对径流变化具有反向促进作用,径流对气温变化具有弱反向促进作用.径流的预测误差,主要来自于降水所做的贡献,其次是自身冲击和气温的扰动对其的贡献.     

我国五年期国债期货合约价格发现效率的实证研究

梳理了期货市场价格发现效率研究方法的发展历程,并从价格发现功能的存在性和价格发现的贡献度两个方面对我国五年期国债期货市场的价格发现效率进行了实证分析.结果显示,我国五年期国债期货市场已经具备了价格发现能力,并且MIS模型测度的价格发现贡献度达到98.27%,远远超过现货市场.结果表明,当前我国国债期货市场已经具备了较高的价格发现效率,在市场信息传递中发挥了重要作用,合约的设计基本实现了利率市场价格发现的功能.     

Interval analysis method and convex models for impulsive response of structures with uncertain-but-bounded external loads

Two non-probabilistic, set-theoretical methods for determining the maximum and minimum impulsive responses of structures to uncertain-but-bounded impulses are presented. They are, respectively, based on the theories of interval mathematics and convex models. The uncertain-but-bounded impulses are assumed to be a convex set, hyper-rectangle or ellipsoid. For the two non-probabilistic methods, less prior information is required about the uncertain nature of impulses than the probabilistic model. Comparisons between the interval analysis method and the convex model, which are developed as an anti-optimization problem of finding the least favorable impulsive response and the most favorable impulsive response, are made through mathematical analyses and numerical calculations. The results of this study indicate that under the condition of the interval vector being determined from an ellipsoid containing the uncertain impulses, the width of the impulsive responses predicted by the interval analysis method is larger than that by the convex model; under the condition of the ellipsoid being determined from an interval vector containing the uncertain impulses, the width of the interval impulsive responses obtained by the interval analysis method is smaller than that by the convex model.The project supported by the National Outstanding Youth Science Foundation of China (10425208), the National Natural Science Foundation of China and Institute of Engineering Physics of China (10376002) The English text was polished by Keren Wang.     

Optical pulse shaper with integrated slab waveguide for arbitrary waveform generation using optical gradient force

Integrated optical pulse shaper opens up possibilities for realizing the ultra high-speed and ultra wide-band linear signal processing with compact size and low power consumption. We propose a silicon monolithic integrated optical pulse shaper using optical gradient force, which is based on the eight-path finite impulse response. A cantilever structure is fabricated in one arm of the Mach–Zehnder interferometer（MZI） to act as an amplitude modulator. The phase shift feature of waveguide is analyzed with the optical pump power, and five typical waveforms are demonstrated with the manipulation of optical force. Unlike other pulse shaper schemes based on thermo–optic effect or electro–optic effect, our scheme is based on a new degree of freedom manipulation, i.e., optical force, so no microelectrodes are required on the silicon chip,which can reduce the complexity of fabrication. Besides, the chip structure is suitable for commercial silicon on an insulator（SOI） wafer, which has a top silicon layer of about 220 nm in thickness.     

关于我国产业结构调整与经济周期波动的实证研究

本文对我国产业结构调整与经济周期之间的相互关系进行了实证分析.首先分析了我国GDP增长与三次产业的增长之间的关系,进而对我国的经济周期和三次产业的经济周期进行了分析和对比,最后利用ADF检验,VAR模型和脉冲响应函数,对我国经济周期波动成分,三次产业比重之间的影响关系,及影响程度进行了分析和研究.     

煤质硫含量紫外差分吸收测量方法研究

快速准确地测定煤质硫含量,可为企业、环境监督部门提供重要的技术依据。国内外已有多种煤质硫含量分析仪器,但或多或少存在令操作人员不满意的地方。提出一种基于紫外(UV)差分吸收光谱(DOAS)的煤质硫含量测量方法。针对分子数分数测量范围宽、光程短等问题,在传统算法的基础上,提出基于有限脉冲响应(FIR)滤波和四阶多项式非线性补偿的改进DOAS算法。搭建了实验测量系统,对5种标准煤样进行了实验研究。结果表明,测量系统的下限为0.014%,能够去除烟尘和背景气体的影响,降低系统的维护量,单次测量时间在4min左右,测量系统的重复性满足国家标准的要求。     

菲涅耳数字全息成像系统的脉冲响应分析

数字全息成像由CCD记录数字全息图后经过计算机数值重建物光波场,这个过程从傅里叶变换角度看等同于数字全息图的频谱分析。讨论了数字成像系统的脉冲响应函数,并分别推导了其实像、虚像、零级像在平面波和球面波照射下的波前复振幅分布。结果表明,实像和虚像是移位的夫琅和费衍射分布,而零级像是CCD光瞳的菲涅耳衍射分布,且与参考光波前分布无关。     

自聚焦透镜的傅里叶变换性质及成像性质

对自聚焦透镜的二维傅里叶变换性质,成像性质以及脉冲响应作了系统论述.并从理论上对自行研制的自聚焦透镜的光斑尺寸进行了计算.在不考虑像差的情况下,直径为1.8 mm的透镜其出射光斑直径为1.2 μm,利用狭缝扫描法进行了实际测量,测量值为1.5 μm,理论值与实验值基本吻合,从而说明理论分析的合理性.     

中国棉花期货市场价格发现功能研究

期货市场和现货市场之间的价格发现功能一直是监管部门和投资者十分关心的问题。本文借助信息共享模型、脉冲响应函数和方差分解等方法，对中国棉花期货市场和现货市场的价格关系进行了实证研究。研究结果表明：棉花期货价格和现货价格之间存在显著的双向引导关系和长期均衡关系；期货市场和现货市场都扮演价格发现角色，且期货市场在价格发现中处于主导地位。     

一个典型庭院式古戏场的音质测试与分析

在脉冲响应测试的基础上，研究了庭院式古戏场三山会馆的庭院、舞台、厢房和堂屋等空间的脉冲响应特征和音质参数的空间分布，对不同的观演区进行了初步的音质分析。结果表明：从清晰度和响度的分布来看，各观演区的音质优劣顺序是：楼上厢房及庭院前部听闻条件最好，楼下厢房及庭院后部居中，堂屋的听闻条件最差。