圆柱壳的非线性自由振动分析

本文分析了各向同性封闭圆柱壳的非线性自由振动。文中采用经典的非线性弹性力学方法推导了圆柱壳的大振幅运动方程,这些方程的静态形式与冯·卡门的板理论方程具有同样的精度。文中讨论了四种基本振动模态,并且还以数学公式的形式给出了一般的最终结果,一些例子以曲线给出结果,并进行了比较。结果还表明线性振动可以作为非线性振动的一种特例。     

振荡燃烧的动态测试及信息处理

作者用随机信息处理方法研究了某型火箭发动机的燃烧状况,不仅发现该型发动机存在有振荡燃烧,而且获得了振荡燃烧信息的功率谱及功率谱阵。针对振荡燃烧信息在时间域和频率域上的随机性特点,作者精心地设计了测试系统,并对系统的性能参数进行了全面标定。经多次实测证明该系统工作可靠,信噪比较高。测试与分析结果表明:该型发动机振荡燃烧的主振测率为800Hz,最大振幅为43dB;并存在有1600Hz和2500Hz两个次级振荡频率;而且该发动机的振荡燃烧是以纵向振荡为主。为研究该型火箭发动机振荡燃烧的产生原因和消除方法提供了科学依据。     

Magnetic properties of carbon nanosheets

Two-dimensional carbon nanosheets have been fabricated using inductively coupled radio frequency plasma-enhanced chemical vapour deposition. The structural properties of the nanosheets have been characterised using atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffractometer. The magnetisation of the samples was studied using vibrating sample magnetometer. The magnetisation of the nanosheets was found to be diamagnetic for fast synthesis processes (30 and 60 min). On the other hand, the nanosheets exhibited a weak ferromagnetic response for the slow (120 min) synthesis process. Energy dispersive spectrometry and atomic absorption spectroscopy confirmed that the magnetisation exhibited by the carbon nanosheets was an intrinsic property and that it was not due to contamination from the substrate. Raman spectroscopy studies revealed that the ferromagnetic carbon nanosheets have a higher ratio (1.20) of graphite peak (I _G) to disordered peak (I _D) than normally expected (0.75–0.90). Available data indicated that the magnetisation was due to the presence of structural disorders.     

单相旋转型驻波超声电机的数学模型及仿真

尽管单相驱动的旋转型驻波超声电机的原理样机早巳研制成功，但对这类电机的运动机理的研究却一直局限在定性分析上。本文将从能量角度，根据Hamilton变分原理，定、转子摩擦界面采用纯滑动模型建立了该种电机的数学模型；并根据此模型，用MATLAB语言作了计算机仿真，得到了该种电机的开、关过程动态响应。     

Simultaneous Determination of Nickel and Cobalt Using a Solid Bismuth Vibrating Electrode by Adsorptive Cathodic Stripping Voltammetry

A simple, fast, sensitive and greener voltammetric procedure for simultaneous analysis of nickel (Ni) and cobalt (Co) by square wave adsorptive cathodic stripping voltammetry (SW‐AdCSV) using a solid bismuth vibrating electrode is presented for the first time. The procedure enables to determine Ni together with Co, in ammonia buffer 0.1 M (pH 9.2) and in the presence of oxygen, and involves an adsorptive accumulation of metal‐dimethylglyoxime (Ni‐DMG and Co‐DMG) complexes on the electrode surface. For Ni and Co, the detection limits, obtained with 30 s of accumulation time, were 0.6 and 1.0 µg L^?1, respectively. The method was free of metals (Cd²⁺, Cr³⁺, Cr⁶⁺, Cu²⁺, Fe³⁺ and Pb²⁺ up to 50 µg L^?1, Al³⁺ and Mn²⁺ up to 500 µg L^?1; Zn²⁺ up to 300 µg L^?1) interferences up to the concentrations mentioned in brackets. The proposed method was validated for simultaneous determination of Ni and Co in a certified reference surface and river waters with good results.     

振动机械起动过程中的迟滞共振原因分析

振动机械在起动过程中，有时会出现一种特殊的共振现象─—迟滞共振．本文通过解析分析和数值算法解释了产生该现象的原因．     

分裂导线自阻尼振动特性研究

为了掌握线路的振动状态,确定线路抗振能力,保证线路安全,需要明确架空输电导线的风致振动响应．本文针对江苏境内某特高压工程LGJ-630/45型导线,建立其振动控制能量平衡方程,编制了Fortran程序以高效准确地求解该超越方程,计算分析了单导线及四种分裂导线微风振动状态下的振动及耗能特性．结果表明,单导线在风振平衡点处的双振幅最大值在最低频率上,约为导线直径的两倍;四种分裂导线风振平衡点处的幅值在15Hz附近达到最大值;导线单位长度功耗在60Hz附近达到最高,功耗能力在较低频域(10Hz~20Hz)上较弱,在较高频域(30Hz~80Hz)较强;导线分裂数越大,分裂导线的振幅越小,八分裂导线的防振消振效果相对最好;四种分裂导线在在10Hz~20Hz频域振动幅值大而单位功耗水平低,因此10Hz~20Hz频段是分裂导线的危险频段,防振措施应该针对这一频段设置．研究方法与成果为LGJ-630/45导线的抗振设计提供了科学依据．     

基于应变计观测数据的混凝土温度应力解析

混凝土温度应力测定一直是人们致力解决的科学难题.本文根据振弦式混凝土应变计的工作原理,提出了基于混凝土应变计观测数据的温度应力计算公式,并采用电热带给试件直接施加温度作用的方法,模拟弹性约束条件进行了温度应力试验测定,确定了计算公式中温度应力修正系数与温度变化的关系.研究结果表明,振弦式混凝土应变计可以用来测定均匀温度作用产生的温度应力,根据本文提出的计算公式得到的温度应力计算值与实测值吻合良好.     

Analysis and experimental concepts of the vibrating wire alignment technique

The vibrating wire alignment technique is a method which, by measuring the spatial distribution of a magnetic field, can achieve very high alignment accuracy. The vibrating wire alignment technique can be applied to fiducializing magnets and the alignment of accelerator straight section components, and it is a necessary supplement to conventional alignment methods. This article gives a systematic summary of the vibrating wire alignment technique, including vibrating wire model analysis, system frequency calculation, wire sag calculation, and the relation between wire amplitude and magnetic induction intensity. On the basis of this analysis, this article outlines two existing alignment methods, one based on magnetic field measurement and the other on amplitude and phase measurements. Finally, some basic experimental issues are discussed.