Computational and dynamic NMR investigation of 2,2-dimesityl-1,1,1,3,3,3-hexamethyltrisilane

The structure and rotational barrier for the mesityl-silicon bond of 2,2-dimesityl-1,1,1,3,3,3-hexamethyltrisilane have been investigated by ¹H- and ¹³C-variable temperature nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) as well as by density functional theory structural calculations. The calculations show that the lowest energy structure has C₂ symmetry with nonequivalent ortho methyl groups, consistent with the crystal structure and solution NMR. The nonequivalent ortho methyl groups exchange through a C_s transition state with a calculated relative free energy of 11.0 kcal mol⁻¹. The barrier for this rotation found by dynamic NMR is 13.4 ± 0.2 kcal mol⁻¹ at 298 K.     

氦原子与非对称替代氢分子碰撞(E=0.3eV)角分布计算

用密耦方法计算了非对称同位素替代分子与氦原子碰撞(He-HD,HT,DT)转动激发,当入射能量E=0.3 eV时,得到了上述碰撞体系的微分散射截面或角分布.基于上述理论计算,讨论了原子与双原子分子碰撞的同位素效应.     

气垫导轨在刚体转动惯量测定实验中的应用

本文介绍了一种测量刚体转动惯量的新方法。即把气垫导轨和刚体转动仪结合起来来测量刚体的转动惯量,使传统的气垫导轨实验和刚体转动惯量测定实验得以更新,提高了实验测量的精度,拓展了实验内容。     

Global fit analysis including the ν9 + ν4 − ν4 hot band of ethane: Evidence of an interaction with the ν12 fundamental

The ν₉ fundamental band of ethane occurs in the 12 μm region. It is the strongest band of ethane in a terrestrial window and is commonly used for the identification of ethane in the Jovian planets. The ν₉ + ν₄ − ν₄ band occurs in the same region; neither can be analysed as an isolated band, since both are embedded in the torsional bath of the ground vibrational state. We report here two global fit models including data from both of these bands as well as the ν₃ fundamental and the ν₄, 2ν₄ − ν₄, and 3ν₄ torsional transitions. The first is restricted to −5 ? KΔK ? 15 in the hot band and gives an excellent fit to the included data. Three resonant interactions are identified in this fit—a Coriolis interaction with two resonant cases between the ν₉ torsional stack and that of the ground vibrational state (gs) and a resonant Fermi interaction between the ν₃ fundamental and the gs. Hot band lines with KΔK < −5 are influenced by a fourth perturbation, with a crossing at −11 < KΔK < −10, which has been attributed to an interaction with the ν₁₂ fundamental. A second fit, demonstrating a promising treatment of this interaction, is also presented.     

Estimation of growth rate in unidirectionally solidified multicrystalline silicon by the growth-induced striation method

Multicrystalline silicon was grown by unidirectional solidification method using the accelerated crucible rotation technique. The application of the accelerated crucible rotation technique in unidirectional solidification method induced growth striations across the axial direction of the grown crystal. This striation pattern was observed from carbon concentration distribution, obtained by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The generated striation pattern was found to be weak and discontinuous. Some striations were absent, probably due to back melting, caused during each crucible rotation. From the growth striations and applied time period in crucible rotation, the growth rate was estimated by using Fourier transformation analysis.     

基于特征圆单目视觉的飞机舵面角位移标定技术

提出了一种基于特征圆单目视觉的非接触式飞机舵面角位移标定技术。用一台数码摄像机对固定在飞机舵面上的特征圆进行拍照,经数字图像处理后确定五个特征点的坐标,利用针孔成像和射影变换原理建立物像空间坐标解算模型,计算出特征圆的法线相对方向和圆心的相对位置,舵面角位移由该圆的法线方向确定。仿真结果表明,该方法具有标定过程简单、实时、快速和准确的特点,标定精度可达到0.1°。该技术也可用于航天器上实时测量交会对接时的相对位姿参数。     

Fourier transform spectroscopy of CH3OH: rotation-torsion-vibration structure for the CH3-rocking and OH-bending modes

High-resolution Fourier transform spectra of CH₃OH have been investigated in the infrared region from 930 to 1450 cm⁻¹ in order to map the torsion-rotation energy manifolds associated with the ν₇ in-plane CH₃ rock, the ν₁₁ out-of-plane CH₃ rock, and the ν₆ OH bend. Upper-state term values have been determined from the assigned spectral subbands, and have been fitted to power-series expansions to obtain substate origins and effective B-values for the three modes. The substate origins have been grouped into related families according to systematic trends observed in the torsion-vibration energy map, but there are substantial differences from the traditional torsional patterns. There appears to be significant torsion-mediated spectral mixing, and a variety of “forbidden” torsional combination subbands with |Δυ_t|>1 have been observed, where υ_t denotes the torsional quantum number (equivalent to υ₁₂). For example, coupling of the (υ₆,υ_t)=(1,0) OH bend to nearby torsionally excited (υ₇,υ_t)=(1,1) CH₃-rock and (υ₈,υ_t)=(1,1) CO-stretch states introduces (υ₆,υ_t)=(1,0)←(0,1) subbands into the spectrum and makes the ν₇+ν₁₂−ν₁₂ torsional hot band stronger than the ν₇ fundamental. The results suggest a picture of strong coupling among the OH-bending, CH₃-rocking, and CO-stretching modes that significantly modifies the traditional energy structure and raises interesting and provocative questions about the torsion-vibration identity of a number of the observed states.     

利用弧形光栅尺测量大型转轴扭矩的原理研究

利用弧形光栅尺的旋转微位移测量功能,组建一组测量体系,用于测量巨型转轴的扭矩。采用四组相同的弧形光栅尺同时测量两截面的相对转角,通过多点测量实现误差均化,得出了消除转轴直径对测量影响的公式,使仪器的环境适应能力得到了极大地提高。根据不同的工作情况,提出了相应的动态测量扭矩的计算方程。实现了大型机械设备主传动的动力监测,为设备自动化、智能化奠定了基础。     

Molecular Orbital Calculations on 2, 4, 6-Trinitrotoluene

Three ab initio calculations (HF/6-3IG, HF/6-3IG*, and HF/6-3IG**) on 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene were made, The results compare well with xray data, except dihedral angles of NO₂ relative to the plane of the benzene ring. The deviations are attributed to packing forces and steric effects in the crystal. The most stable structure was a torsional angle 10° of the methyl top with the benzene ring, unlike toluene. The rotational barriers of the methyl top and the 4-nitro group are small. Hydrogen bonding, dipole moments and total atomic charges arc calculated.     

小球与均质自由杆的碰撞

讨论了小球与自由杆碰撞过程中所遵从的物理规律,明确了完全非弹性碰撞过程的能量特征,指出完全非弹性碰撞后两物体不一定粘在一起共同运动的事实.