Cobalt‐Catalyzed Cross‐Dehydrogenative C(sp2)−C(sp3) Coupling of Oxazole/Thiazole with Ether or Cycloalkane

Direct C5‐alkylation of oxazole/thiazole with ether or cycloalkane has been achieved through a cobalt‐catalyzed cross‐dehydrogenative coupling (CDC) process in moderate to good yields. This transformation represents the first C(sp²)−C(sp³) cross‐coupling at the C5‐position of the oxazole/thiazole via double C−H bond cleavages. Various functional groups on oxazole/thiazole substrates, as well as water and air, are well‐tolerated with this concise and practical protocol, constituting straightforward access to heterocycles with great medicinal significance. A preliminary mechanism involving a radical process has also been proposed.     

4-氨基吡啶催化6-烷氧基取代嘌呤衍生物的合成

以6-氯嘌呤为底物,4-氨基吡啶为催化剂,甲醇为溶剂合成了6-烷氧基取代嘌呤化合物。 当反应条件为n(6-氯嘌呤)∶n(4-氨基吡啶)∶n(三乙胺)=10∶1∶4,回流反应5~7 h时,6-烷氧基嘌呤化合物的收率大于85%。 研究表明,体系中6-氯嘌呤、4-氨基吡啶和三乙胺的相对量对反应有很大影响,用4-氨基吡啶-三乙胺混合催化剂体系催化效果更好。     

Copper‐Mediated/Catalyzed Oxyalkylation of Alkenes with Alkylnitriles

A copper‐promoted oxyalkylation of alkenes with alkylnitriles has been developed. The protocol provides rapid access to phthalides (γ‐lactones) or isochromanones (δ‐lactones) via the formation of a C(sp³)?C(sp³) and a C(sp³)?O bond with the generation of up to two quaternary carbon atoms. Mechanistic studies suggest that this reaction is initiated by the formation of the C(sp³)?C(sp³) bond rather than the C(sp³)?O bond. Catalytic conditions were subsequently developed using carboxylic acid as an internal nucleophile.     

Copper‐Catalyzed Intermolecular Carboetherification of Unactivated Alkenes by Alkyl Nitriles and Alcohols

A three‐component carboetherification of unactivated alkenes has been developed allowing the rapid building of complexity from simple starting materials. A wide range of α‐substituted styrenes underwent smooth reactions with unactivated alkyl nitriles and alcohols to afford γ‐alkoxy alkyl nitriles with concomitant generation of a quaternary carbon center. A radical clock experiment provided clear‐cut evidence that the reaction proceeds through a tertiary alkyl radical intermediate.     

Multicomponent Oxyalkylation of Styrenes Enabled by Hydrogen‐Bond‐Assisted Photoinduced Electron Transfer

Herein, we disclose a strategy for the activation of N‐(acyloxy)phthalimides towards photoinduced electron transfer through hydrogen bonding. This activation mode enables efficient access to C(sp³)‐centered radicals upon decarboxylation from bench‐stable and readily available substrates. Moreover, we demonstrate that the formed alkyl radicals can be successfully employed in a novel redox‐neutral method for constructing sp³−sp³ bonds across styrene moieties that gives straightforward access to complex alcohol and ether scaffolds.