热处理对高硫化氢合成气一步法制甲硫醇K2MoO4-NiO/SiO2催化剂结构及性能的影响

 在不同焙烧温度和焙烧气氛下对共浸渍法制备的 K2MoO4-NiO/SiO2 催化剂进行热处理, 并采用 X 射线衍射、热重-差示扫描量热、氢气程序升温还原、拉曼光谱和电子自旋共振波谱等手段对催化剂进行了表征, 同时考察了催化剂催化高硫化氢合成气一步法制甲硫醇的性能. 结果表明, 由于催化剂中所含柠檬酸氧化放热, 空气中焙烧的催化剂发生严重烧结. 随着焙烧温度的升高, 八面体配位的 Mo(Oh) 逐渐向四面体配位的 Mo(Td) 转变, 导致催化剂的还原能力降低, 配位不饱和 Mo (CO 吸附位) 减少, 因而 CO 转化率降低. 甲硫醇的生成与 Mo–S–K 相密切相关, 而 MoS2 晶相表面主要生成烃类. 与氮气中焙烧的催化剂相比, 空气中焙烧的催化剂表面的 MoS2 相较多, 而 Mo–S–K 相较少, 因此具有更高的烃类选择性和更低的甲硫醇选择性.     

高硫合成气法合成甲硫醇研究进展

甲硫醇是生产农药,医药,石油化工产品与合成材料的重要原料,其最主要的应用为合成动物饲料蛋氨酸.硫化氢合成气一步法制备甲硫醇具有原料易得,工艺简单等优点,因此该方法成为合成甲硫醇工艺的研究热点.我们综述了硫化氢合成气合成甲硫醇反应中钼基、钨基和钒基催化剂的研究进展,特别是钼基催化剂体系下载体和助剂对催化剂性能的影响,探索了该工艺的反应路径和反应机理,并对高硫合成气制备甲硫醇工艺的应用前景进行了展望.     

甲硫醇在Au(111)表面不同覆盖度下吸附的第一性原理研究

采用第一性原理方法研究了五种覆盖度下甲硫醇在Au(111)面的吸附构型和吸附能. 分别对于S-H解离前CH₃SH和S-H解离后CH₃S, 计算其在不同覆盖度下的吸附结构和能量. 结果显示各种覆盖度下CH₃SH都优先吸附于top位, 倾斜角为70°±2°, 在低覆盖度(1/12, 1/9, 1/8)下的吸附能最大, 为0.33～0.35 eV; 而CH₃S在各种覆盖度下稳定吸附于bri-fcc位, 倾斜角为48.3°～58.5°, 低覆盖度下的吸附能为2.08 eV. 对于CH₃SH和CH₃S的吸附, 吸附能均随覆盖度的增大而减小. 重点研究了范德华力对高覆盖度吸附的影响. 在覆盖度为1/3时, 采用DFT-D2方法, 分别计算了CH₃SH和CH₃S的吸附, 结果显示范德华力使吸附物和Au表面的距离减小, 同时使CH₃SH和CH₃S的吸附能分别增大为0.59 eV和2.27 eV. DFT-D2方法修正使CH₃SH的结果更接近实验结论, 但使CH₃S的结果偏离实验值.     

Synthesis,Spectral Characterization,and Crystal Structure of Two Polymorphs of o,o’-Dichloro Dibenzyl Disulfide

2-Chlorophenyl methanethiol undergoes air oxidation catalyzed by different selenides and yields the corresponding disulfide 1 in two polymorphic forms, 1a and 1b. In the molecular structures of the two new polymorphs of o,o′-dichloro dibenzyl disulfide, the dihedral angles between the dibenzyl groups are 82.0(1)°, (1a), and 73.7(4)°, (1b), respectively [(1a): P-1, a = 8.424(2) Å, b = 8.838(2) Å, c = 10.5823(19) Å, α = 90.122(18)°, β = 112.19(2)°, γ = 95.19(2)°, V = 725.9(3) ų; (1b): P2₁/n, a = 10.5888(10) Å, b = 9.1590(6) Å, c = 15.2489(14) Å, β = 103.072(9)°, V = 1440.6(2) ų]. MOPAC computational studies yield dihedral angles of 89.6(5)° and 71.9(9)°. Crystal packing is stabilized by weak π-ring (C?H···Cg) intermolecular interactions in both 1a and 1b and by additional weak Cg ··· Cg intermolecular interactions in 1b, which influence the bond distances, bond angles, and torsion angles of the dibenzyl groups in each polymorph. Additional characterization of each polymorph has been carried out by TEM, IR, ¹H and ¹³C NMR spectroscopy, microanalysis, and by FAB mass spectrometry. TEM studies of a sample of 1a show that it contains cigar-shaped crystallites.

Supplemental materials are available for this article. Go to the publisher's online edition of Phosphorus, Sulfur, and Silicon and the Related Elements to view the free supplemental file.     

预富集空气中硫化氢及甲硫醇的固体吸附剂的选择

硫化氢和甲硫醇是挥发性恶臭硫化物(VSCs)中的主要成分,是环境监测的主要物质之一,这类化合物通过自然的和人为的因素释放到大气中,随着工业的发展和人口的剧增,人为因素的硫化物排放愈加显著。近年有关恶臭污染投诉案件不断增加。为确定污染源及污染强度,需对环境中VSCs污染进行监测[1]。但某些空气样品中的VSCs含量较低(ppt~ppb级),常用的火焰光度检测器(FPD)的灵敏度尚达不到要求,需要结合相关的样品预富集技术[2]。常用的有液氧冷阱富集法,此法需要液氧设备,操作和使用不便,对于远距离现场采样后,易造成样品失真。应用固体吸附剂吸…     

焙烧温度对甲硫醇催化剂K_2WO_4/Al_2O_3结构和性能的影响

研究了焙烧温度对溶胶-凝胶法制备的甲硫醇催化剂K2WO4/Al2O3的表面结构和催化性能的影响.表征结果显示,K2WO4在Al2O3上分散得较好,在450和550oC焙烧的催化剂颗粒大小均匀,无明显团聚现象.随着焙烧温度的升高,催化剂的比表面积减小,表面钨物种与Al2O3的相互作用减弱,与碱物种的相互作用增强,酸碱强度降低.K2WO4/Al2O3表面不含质子酸.催化剂活性与其比表面积及表面的共轭酸碱对密切相关.评价结果表明,在550oC焙烧而制得的催化剂活性最高.     

Density Functional Investigation of Methanethiol and Dimethyl Sulfide Adsorption on Zeolite

The density functional theory and cluster model methods have been employed to investigate the interactions between methanethiol, dimethyl sulfide and zeolites. The molecular complexes formed by adsorption of methanethiol or dimethyl sulfide on silanol H3SiOSi(OH)2OSiH3 with five coordination forms or four coordination forms, and complexes formed by interactions of Bronsted acid sites of bridging hydroxyl H3Si(OH)Al(OH)2OSiH3 with methanethiol or dimethyl sulfide have been investigated. Full optimization and frequency analysis of all cluster models have been carried out using the B3LYP hybrid method at 6-31 G (d,p) basis set level for hydrogen, silicon, aluminum, oxygen, carbon, and sulfur atoms. The structures and energy changes of different coordination forms between methanethiol and H3Si(OH)Al(OH)2OSiH3, dimethyl sulfide and H3Si(OH)Al(OH)2OSiH3, methanethiol and H3SiOSi(OH)2OSiH3, dimethyl sulfide and H3SiOSi(OH)2OSiH3 complexes have been comparatively studied. The calculated results showed the nature of interactions that led to the formation of all complexes was van der Waals force confirmed by an insignificant change of geometric structures and properties. The conclusions that methanethiol and dimethyl sulfide molecules were adsorbed on bridging hydroxyl group prior to silanol group were obtained on the basis of adsorption heat, the most stable adsorption models of a 6 ring structure for interaction between bridging hydroxyl and methanethiol, and a 7 ring structure for interaction between bridging hydroxyl and dimethyl sulfide.     

Effect of Water on Heterogeneous Catalytic Conversion of Dimethyl Sulfide into Methanethiol

In dry helium at 350°C and 0.1 MPa, dimethyl disulfide is catalytically converted to yield methanethiol and products of elimination such as ethylene and H₂S. Methanethiol decomposes into H₂S and dimethyl sulfide in the presence of acid catalysts, and water introduced into the system hinders this process and provides an increase in the catalyst stability.     

高硫化氢合成气制甲硫醇新型钼基催化剂研究

研究了一系列负载型钼基催化剂催化含高硫化氢合成气制甲硫醇的性能,用XPS和ESR对其进行表征.活性测试显示,钾促进的钼基催化剂催化的反应产物中甲硫醇成为主导产物.几种钼基催化剂合成甲硫醇的活性大小顺序:K₂MoO₄/CoO/SiO₂>K₂MoO₄/SiO₂>MoO₃/K₂CO₃/SiO₂>K₂MoS₄/SiO₂>MoS₂/K₂CO₃/SiO₂.ESR表征显示,反应后的催化剂可以检测到"oxo-Mo(V) "和"thio-Mo(V)"物种.XPS表征显示反应后催化剂中的Mo包含着Mo⁴⁺,Mo⁵⁺和Mo⁶⁺,S包含着S^2-,(S-S)^2-和S⁶⁺三种价态.添加CoO后,"oxo-Mo(V)"含量减少,而"thio-Mo(V)"含量增加,(S-S)^2-物种的生成得到抑制,S^2-物种的量增多.(Mo⁴⁺+Mo⁵⁺)/Mo⁶⁺峰强度比为0.75以及S^2-/(S-S)^2-接近1有利于甲硫醇的生成.本文提出甲硫醇的合成与"Mo-S-K"相关联的反应机理.