Determination of limonin in dog plasma by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry and its application to a pharmacokinetic study

A highly sensitive liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry method was developed and validated for the determination of limonin in beagle dog plasma using nimodipine as internal standard. The analyte and internal standard (IS) were extracted with ether followed by a rapid isocratic elution with 10 mm ammonium acetate buffer–methanol (26:74, v/v) on a C₁₈ column (150 × 2.1 mm i.d.) and subsequent analysis by mass spectrometry in the multiple reaction monitoring mode. The precursor to product ion transitions of m/z 469.4 → 229.3 and m/z 417.2 → 122.0 were used to measure the analyte and the IS. The assay was linear over the concentration range of 0.625–100 ng/mL for limonin in dog plasma. The lower limit of quantification was 0.312 ng/mL and the extraction recovery was >90.4% for limonin. The inter‐ and intra‐day precision of the method at three concentrations was less than 9.9%. The method was successfully applied to pharmacokinetic study of limonin in dogs. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

高效液相色谱法测定柑橘汁中的柠檬苦素和柚皮苷

柑橘汁的苦味主要是由于柚皮苷和柠檬苦素的存在所致,其含量的测定可用于控制柑橘类果汁的质量。采用高效液相色谱法在KR100-5C18(4.6 mm i.d.×250 mm,5 μm)上,分别以乙腈-四氢呋喃-水(体积比为17.5∶17.5∶65)和甲醇-冰醋酸-水(体积比为40∶1∶59)为流动相（流速均为1 mL/min）,在207 nm和283 nm检测波长下分别测定了柠檬苦素和柚皮苷。实验结果表明,柠檬苦素在1.00～50.00 mg/L时线性关系良好(r=0.9992),检出限为0.07 μg,平均加标回收率为98.69%,相对标准偏差（RSD）为2.5%;柚皮苷在20.00～160.00 mg/L时线性关系良好(r=0.9988),检出限为0.14 μg,平均加标回收率为100.13%,RSD为1.5%。用该法检测柑橘汁样品中的柠檬苦素与柚皮苷,方法简便、快速、准确。     

蔬毛吴茱萸果实中新化合物吴茱萸塔宁的分离及结构表征

从传统中药蔬毛吴茱萸的干燥未成熟果实中分离得到一个稀有高氧化状态、新的柠檬苦素类化合物吴茱萸塔宁(evolimorutanin),同时还分离得到了已知结构的化合物柠檬苦素(limonin)。根据IR、MS、1DNMR(1HNMR,13C NMR,DEPT)和2D NMR(1H-1HCOSY,HSQC,HMBC)谱学数据确定了它们的结构,两者均归属为降三萜类化合物,A,A′,B,C,D五个环的取代和立体构型完全相同,只有E环氧化状态不同。此外,还分析了从柠檬苦素转化为吴茱萸塔宁的可能过程。     

The Chemical Constituents of the Peel of Citrus Tankan Hayata

Seven kinds of flavones, β-sitosterol, β-sitosterol-D-glucoside, hesperidin, limonin, ferulic acid and succinic acid were isolated from the fruit peel of Citrus tankan Hayata.