纳米二氧化锆催化剂上一氧化碳加氢合成异丁烯

 考察了纳米ZrO2的制备方法及Al2O3和KOH助剂的添加对ZrO2催化\r\nCO加氢合成异丁烯反应的影响．纳米ZrO2的制备方法对ZrO2的物理性质\r\n和催化性能有较大的影响．用超临界流体干燥法干燥并在流动N2气氛中\r\n焙烧制得的ZrO2催化剂对异丁烯具有较高的选择性．Al2O3和KOH助剂表\r\n现出非常优良的助剂效应，在大幅度提高催化剂对i－C4烃选择性的同\r\n时保持了和ZrO2同样高的催化活性．催化剂的酸碱性表征结果表明，酸\r\n碱性对催化剂的催化性能影响很大，催化剂上适宜的酸碱数量和酸碱比\r\n例是影响其催化CO加氢合成异丁烯性能的非常重要的因素．     

Effect of alcohol solvents treated ZrO（OH）2 hydrogel on properties of ZrO2 and its catalytic performance in isosynthesis

A series of ZrO2 catalysts were prepared by treating ZrO(OH)2 hydrogel with different alcohol solvents (C2-C4 alcohols) and calcining under N2 flow at 773 K for 3 h. The obtained ZrO2 catalysts were systematically characterized by the methods of N2 adsorption-desorption, powder X-ray diffraction, NH3 temperature-programmed desorption, and CO2 temperature-programmed desorption. The catalytic performance of each catalyst was evaluated in the selective synthesis of iso-C4 (isobutene and isobutane) and light olefins (C2= ～C4= ) from CO hydrogenation. The specific surface area increased for the ZrO2 catalysts obtained by treating ZrO(OH)2 hydrogel with different alcohol solvents. The amounts of both acidic and basic sites on the catalyst surface increased obviously. The catalytic activity (CO conversion) of ZrO2 catalysts also increased after the treatment with different alcohol solvents. The highest activity was obtained over the catalyst which was pretreated with isopropanol. However, alcohol solvent treatment retarded the transformation of ZrO2 crystal structure from tetragonal phase to monoclinic phase, and subsequently resulted in the decrease of monoclinic phase in ZrO2, which led to the decrease of olefin selectivity in corresponding hydrocarbon products (C2=～C4= /CH).     

氧化锆催化合成气直接转化制芳烃

采用共沉淀法和水热法制备了三种不同粒径、不同结构的纳米氧化锆催化剂,借助XRD、TEM、Raman光谱、N_2物理吸附、XPS、NH_3-TPD表征了催化剂的物理化学性质,并研究了其合成气催化转化性能。在400℃、3 M Pa、空速500 m L/(gcat·h)、进料组成H_2/CO/Ar(体积比)为5∶5∶1时,氧化锆能够一步催化合成气转化为高辛烷值烃类产物,主要是异构烯烃、环状烯烃及芳烃。在烃类产物中,C_(5+)选择性高达48%,C_(5+)中芳烃含量为30%-53%。结果表明,单斜相氧化锆比四方相更有利于CO转化,其中,比表面积较大、酸量较大的小粒径氧化锆表现出最高的CO转化率及产物收率;而大晶粒单斜相氧化锆表现出最高的芳烃选择性,这与其较高的酸性位密度相对应。因此,CO转化在Zr O_2催化剂上是酸催化反应,酸量影响催化剂的活性,而酸性位密度是影响芳烃等较大分子量产物生成的主要因素。