基于毛竹叶片理化参数的刚竹毒蛾危害检测研究

虫害检测算法研究是开展虫害快速、准确监测，制定精准森防检疫措施的重要基础。以毛竹叶片为研究尺度，基于刚竹毒蛾危害下的寄主外部形态与内部生理现象总结，选择并实测叶损量LL、相对叶绿素含量RCC、相对含水量RWC、原始光谱的733.66~898.56 nm值(ρ_{733.66~898.56})、一阶微分光谱的562.95~585.25 nm值(ρ′_{562.95~585.25})与706.18~725.41 nm值(ρ′_{706.18~725.41})等理化参数，随机划分实验组(63组)和验证组(37组)并设计5次重复实验；分别运用Fisher判别分析、BP神经网络、随机森林等三种方法建立刚竹毒蛾危害等级的检测模型，从检测精度、Kappa系数及R2等指标对模型的检测效果予以分析和比较。结果显示，Fisher判别分析、BP神经网络、随机森林的检测精度分别为69.19%，65.41%，83.78%，Kappa系数分别为0.576 9，0.532 4和0.778 8，R2分别为0.722 2，0.582 6和0.870 9，总体而言，三种方法均具备刚竹毒蛾危害的检测能力，随机森林的检测效果最优，Fisher判别分析次之，再次为BP神经网络；从分等级来看，随机森林的检测精度亦优于Fisher判别分析与BP神经网络，但3种方法对中度危害等级的检测精度均有所不足。该成果可为刚竹毒蛾危害及其他病虫害检测算法的选择提供参考，并为进一步建立冠层、遥感影像像元等尺度的虫害检测模型奠定基础。     

前缀码与极大前缀码的一种新刻画

在语言图Γ(X*)概念的基础上,用新引入的语言竹竿l(X*)和语言竹竿集L(X*)的概念形象地刻画了前缀码与极大前缀码:A是前缀码l(X*)∈L(X*),S_l_((X*))∩A或为单点集或为Φ;A是极大前缀码l(X*)∈L(X*),i)S_(l(X*))∩A或为单点集或为Φ.ii)S_(l(X*))∩A=Φ■u∈S_(l(X*)),■a∈A,ω∈X~+使a=uw.     

The investigation on the effect of surface radiation oxidation of bamboo fiber‐filled PMMA composite

The aim of this investigation was to study the effect of surface thermal oxidation of bamboo/poly(methyl methacrylate) composite by irradiation. Thermal oxidative effects on the surface energy of bamboo fiber were measured by radiation as a function of exposure time and temperature. Oxidized bamboo/poly(methyl methacrylate), after exposure to air at temperatures of 100°C and 110°C, had a range of maximum surface energies from 38 to 41 mJ/m². Comparisons between Fourier transform infrared carbonyl peak growth and the surface energy showed that both methods detect oxidation, though the increase in surface energy was detected before the carbonyl peak growth was noticeable. The work of adhesion predicted by the surface free energies obtained in this work between a coated calcium carbonate and bamboo fiber changes by 10% due to the oxidation of the polymer at 110°C. The structural results were discussed in the oxidation chemistry of the macromolecule.     

Dispersion of Carbon Nanotubes with “Green” Detergents

Solubilization of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) is a fundamental technique for the use of CNTs and their conjugates as nanodevices and nanobiodevices. In this work, we demonstrate the preparation of CNT suspensions with “green” detergents made from coconuts and bamboo as fundamental research in CNT nanotechnology. Single-walled CNTs (SWNTs) with a few carboxylic acid groups (3–5%) and pristine multi-walled CNTs (MWNTs) were mixed in each detergent solution and sonicated with a bath-type sonicator. The prepared suspensions were characterized using absorbance spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and Raman spectroscopy. Among the eight combinations of CNTs and detergents (two types of CNTs and four detergents, including sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) as the standard), SWNTs/MWNTs were well dispersed in all combinations except the combination of the MWNTs and the bamboo detergent. The stability of the suspensions prepared with coconut detergents was better than that prepared with SDS. Because the efficiency of the bamboo detergents against the MWNTs differed significantly from that against the SWNTs, the natural detergent might be useful for separating CNTs. Our results revealed that the use of the “green” detergents had the advantage of dispersing CNTs as well as SDS.     

单向连续竹纤维增强聚合物的拉伸性能

描述了一种单向连续竹纤维增强聚合物试件的制作工艺过程:研究了该型竹纤维增强复合材料的拉伸力学性能。将该性能与单向连续玻璃纤维增强聚合物的拉伸力学性能进行了比较,发现竹纤维增强聚合物的拉伸模量要明显高于玻璃纤维增强聚合物的对应值,而其拉伸强度和玻璃纤维增强聚合物的相当。同时发现竹纤维增强聚合物的纵向延展性较小,呈现一次性单界面脆性断裂状况,相对地,连续玻璃纤维增强聚合物的拉伸断裂是多次多界面分段断裂。     

Effect of Bamboo Flour (BF) Content on the Dynamic Rheological Characteristics of BF-filled High-density Polyethylene (HDPE)

The effects of bamboo flour (BF) content on the dynamic rheological properties of BF-filled HDPE composites were investigated. Our findings showed that the addition of BF caused an enhancement of the non-Newtonianism of wood-plastic composites (WPCs) melt as well as the appearance of some new relaxation processes. In addition, the viscosity and modulus of the BF-filled HDPE composites showed a remarkable increase at 170?°C and 190?°C when the BF content exceeded 30%, which could be associated with the solid-like property of the WPCs at high BF loading, we propose. The present study we suggest will be useful to the formula design as well as the optimization of processing parameters for WPCs in general.     

Plasma treatment of bamboo fibers on the tribological property of polyimide composite filled with graphite

This paper is concerned with the effects of the air plasma surface treatment of bamboo fiber on the tribological properties of the bamboo fiber reinforced polyimide (bamboo/polyimide) composites filled with graphite. Plasma treatment and graphite bring positive effect on the improvement of friction reducing and antiwear of bamboo/polyimide composites. And Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis shows that the bamboo fibers have been oxidized and etched by the air plasma treatment. The presence of active groups makes the polarity of the fiber increase, and so the bond property between the fiber and matrix is improved.     

基于自编码网络流形学习的毛竹笋不溶性膳食纤维含量红外光谱建模

提出了一种结合自编码网络(AN)流形学习和偏最小二乘(PLS)法的红外光谱建模方法AN-PLS。AN-PLS方法首先用AN算法对红外光谱数据进行非线性降维,再结合PLS建立回归模型。利用该方法建立了毛竹笋中不溶性膳食纤维含量的近红外光谱和中红外光谱回归模型。结果表明,用AN-PLS方法建立的回归模型,比用其他常用光谱数据预处理方法结合PLS及用单独PLS算法建立的模型具有更小的预测均方根误差RMSEP和更高的决定系数R2,因此,AN-PLS具有较优的建模与预测能力,利用近红外光谱和中红外光谱技术结合AN-PLS建模,可实现毛竹笋中不溶性膳食纤维含量的准确测量。     

竹木质素的红外光谱与X射线光电子能谱分析

应用傅里叶转换红外光谱(FTIR)和X射线光电子能谱(XPS), 研究了3种提纯方法得到的竹木质素及其化学反应产物的化学结构特性. 确定竹木质素C_1s的电子结合能分别为283.52 (C—H或C—C), 284.58～285.72 (C—OR或C—OH), 286.10～286.44 (C＝O或HO—C—OR), 287.65～287.72 (O—C＝O) eV. O_1s的电子结合能分别为530.31(羟基氧原子), 531.45～531.72(醛或酮的羰基氧原子), 532.73～533.74(酯键或羧酸中的羰基氧原子) eV. 竹木质素中的结构单元之间主要是通过醚键和碳碳单键连接, 慈竹磨木木质素结构单元中醚键、碳碳单键、酯键、羰基和烯双键的比例为100∶63∶32∶40∶32 (49.3∶31.0∶16.0∶19.9∶16.0)     

竹纤维增强制动摩阻材料摩擦学性能研究

采用竹纤维为增强相制备新型无石棉树脂基复合摩擦材料.通过热失重分析、定速摩擦试验及磨损表面形貌观察等手段探讨竹纤维的含量对材料在不同温度下摩擦学性能的影响.试验结果表明:在树脂基摩阻材料中加入适量竹纤维能改善材料摩擦磨损性能,并具有一定的减震降噪的效果,但在超过其热解温度时会造成竹纤维的碳化、挥发,对基体增强失效;竹纤维质量百分数为13%时试样能获得较稳定的摩擦系数及较低的磨损率;竹纤维含量过多会造成摩阻材料制备工艺性变差,且高温下大量竹纤维碳化剥落会破坏摩擦表面膜的连续性,使摩阻性能显著下降.