基于5-(2-羧基苯基)吡啶-3-甲酸配体的镍(Ⅱ)和锌(Ⅱ)配位聚合物的合成、晶体结构、催化及抗磨性质

采用水热方法,选用5-(2-羧基苯基)吡啶-3-甲酸配体(H₂cpna)与1,2-二(4-吡啶基)乙烷(dpea)或1,2-二(4-吡啶基)乙烯(dpey)分别与NiCl₂·6H₂O和ZnCl₂在160℃下反应,合成了2个三维配位聚合物{[Ni(μ₃-cpna)(μ-dpea)_0.5]·H₂O}_n (1)和{[Zn(μ₃-cpna)(μ-dpey)_0.5]·H₂O}_n (2),并对其结构、催化和摩擦性质进行了研究。研究表明,在室温条件下化合物2在Knoevenagel缩合反应中显示出较好的催化活性。同时,2在聚α-烯烃合成润滑剂中显示出有效的抗磨性能。     

往复摩擦下热压镍－二硫化钼复合材料的自润滑性能及其耐磨机理研究

对于含ＭｏＳ２的复合材料在单向滑动摩擦条件下的实用性能，人们已经进行了比较多的研究，然而好多摩擦部件在工程实际中经受的却都是往复摩擦。为了探明热压Ｎｉ－ＭｏＳ２复合材料的自润滑性能及其耐磨机理，在往复摩擦条件下研究了这种材料盘表面和偶件ＧＣｒ１５钢球表面之ＭｏＳ２膜的形成过程与形貌特征，并且利用扫描电子显微镜等观察分析了ＭＯＳ２膜的磨损表面形貌及其微区成分。结果表明，在给定的往复摩擦条件下，对偶双方表面都形成了具有层状结构的ＭｏＳ２润滑膜，这种膜是通过疲劳剥落、转移、粘附与叠压等方式所形成；ＭｏＳ２含量对Ｎｉ－ＭｏＳ２复合材料自润滑性能的影响，主要取决于它是否能够在对偶双方表面形成分布均匀而稳定的润滑膜，含６０％（ｗｔ）ＭｏＳ２的复合材料的自润滑性能最好；Ｎｉ－ＭｏＳ２复合材料的自润滑性是通过其表面ＭｏＳ２膜的连续生成与疲劳剥落，并在偶件表面形成转移膜，使复合材料与金属间的摩擦变成复合材料表面ＭｏＳ２膜与偶件表面ＭｏＳ２膜之间的摩擦所实现。由此可见，Ｎｉ－ＭＯＳ２复合材料是适合在往复摩擦运动场合应用的一种性能良好的自润滑复合材料。     

蓖麻油聚氧乙烯醚水基润滑液摩擦学特性研究

本文以蓖麻油聚氧乙烯醚水基润滑液为研究对象,分别使用润滑膜厚度测量仪、微摩擦试验机和四球摩擦试验机对其成膜特性、摩擦磨损特性和抗磨极压特性进行了系统的研究,并用扫描电子显微镜和能量色散光谱仪对摩擦磨损机制进行了分析。结果表明：蓖麻油聚氧乙烯醚提高了纯水的成膜能力,能够在钢-铝摩擦副形成有效的润滑膜,起到良好的减摩抗磨效果。随着浓度的增大,对钢-铝摩擦副的减摩抗磨性能和四球摩擦试验的抗磨极压性能都得到了提高。     

Tribological Behavior of Multiply-Alkylated Cyclopentanes (MACs)-Cu Nanoparticles Composite Thin Film

Multiply-alkylated cyclopentanes (MACs) composite thin films containing Cu nanoparticles are fabricated on the octadecyltrichlorosilane (OTS)-modified substrate by a spin-coating technique. The thickness, wetting behavior, and nanoscale morphologies of the films are characterized by means of ellipsometry, contact angle measurement, and atomic force microscope (AFM). The friction and wear behaviors of the thin films sliding against Si₃N₄ ball are examined on a UMT-2MT tribometer in a ball-on-disk contact mode. The worn surfaces of the OTS-MAC-Cu composite film and the counterpart Si₃N₄ balls are investigated with a scanning electron microscope. Water contact angle on OTS-MAC-Cu composite film is higher than that of OTS-MAC film. OTS-MAC-Cu composite film exhibits higher load-carrying capacity and better friction reduction and antiwear behavior as compared with OTS-MAC film. This may be attributed to the load-carrying and self-repairing property of the Cu nanoparticles in the composite film and the formation of a transfer layer composed of OTS, MAC, and Cu on the rubbing surface of the counterpart ball.     

硫化丁苯橡胶纳观界面耐磨机理及参数影响分析

硫化橡胶因其良好的力学和物理化学性能而被广泛作为摩擦副的基础材料. 本文提出了一种硫化交联算法, 实现了C—C键的硫化互交联和自交联, 构建了硫化丁苯橡胶的分子动力学磨损模型, 从微观摩擦学的角度阐明了硫化交联结构对改善丁苯橡胶磨损性能的机理, 研究了不同界面参数对硫化橡胶微观磨损性能的影响. 结果发现 硫化使丁苯橡胶分子链的界面黏附能力和活动能力更弱, 拉伸和解缠能力更低, 磨损过程中界面累积能量更低, 更不容易脱离橡胶基体, 因此可以表现出更好的摩擦学性能, 更强的抗磨损性能; 随着速度的增大, 硫化橡胶的磨损率降低, 与宏观实验结果一致, 原因是硫化橡胶的原子分布函数和相互作用能随着速度增大而降低, 说明橡胶分子链的黏附能力和活动能力随着速度增加趋弱, 温升更低, 导致较低的磨损率; 压入深度对磨损率的影响规律则呈现相反的结果和趋势.     

Utilization of α-olefins obtained by pyrolysis of waste high density polyethylene to synthesize α-olefin-succinic-anhydride based cold flow improvers

A new route of utilization of α-olefin rich hydrocarbon fractions obtained by waste polymer pyrolysis was investigated. α-olefin-succinic-anhydride intermediate-based pour point depressant additives for diesel fuel were synthesized, in which reactions needed α-olefins were obtained by pyrolysis of waste high-density polyethylene (HDPE). Fraction of α-olefins was produced by the de-polymerization of plastic waste in a tube reactor at 500℃ in the absence of catalysts and air. C_17~22 range of mixtures of olefins and paraffins were separated for synthesis and then, these hydrocarbons were reacted with maleic-anhydride (MA) for formation of α-olefin-succinic-anhydride intermediates. The olefin-rich hydrocarbon fraction contained approximately 60% of olefins, including 90%~95% α-olefins. Other intermediates were produced in the same way by using commercial C₂₀ α-olefin instead of C_17~22 olefin mixture. The two different experimental intermediates with number average molecular weights of 1850g/mol and 1760g/mol were reacted with different alcohols: 1-butanol, 1-hexanol, 1-octanol, i-butanol, and c-hexanol to produce their ester derivatives. The synthesized ten experimental pour point depressants were added in different concentrations to conventional diesel fuel, which had no other additive content before. The structure and efficiency of experimental additives were followed by different standardized and non-standardized methods. Results showed that the experimental additives on the basis of the product of waste pyrolysis were able to decrease not only the pour but also the cloud point and cold filter plugging point (CFPP) of diesel fuel, whose effects could be observed even if the concentration of additives was low. Furthermore, all additives had anti-wear and anti-friction effects in diesel fuel.     

含氮硼酸衍生物的摩擦学性能及与二烷基二硫代磷酸锌(ZDDP)配伍性能研究

合成两种含氮硼酸衍生物抗磨添加剂:长链烷基醇胺硼酸钙ODOB-Ca、长链烷基醇胺和长链烷基苯酚的硼酸酯DPOB,分别用元素分析和红外光谱对分子结构进行表征.用热重分析仪考察两种化合物的热稳定性,用饱和蒸汽法考察其水解稳定性,发现这两种化合物均具有良好的热稳定性和较好的水解稳定性,其水解稳定性分别为硼化聚异丁烯基丁二酰亚胺(T154B)的3倍和10倍;用立式万能摩擦磨损试验机考察了ODOB-Ca和DPOB的摩擦学性能以及与ZDDP的配伍性能,结果表明两种化合物作为矿物基础油均具有较好的抗磨性能,且均与ZDDP在一定比例配伍,有很好的协同作用.采用XPS考察了钢球磨斑表面成份,结果显示钢球磨斑表面形成了B2O3、铁的氧化物以及硫酸化合物等多组分混合边界润滑膜,从而使配伍体系摩擦学性能得以改善.     

膦酸酯离子液体在合成多元醇酯过程中的双重作用:从催化剂到合成酯的减摩抗磨添加剂

合成了两种膦酸酯类离子液体,用作三羟甲基丙烷(TMP)与油酸(OA)的酯化催化剂合成三羟甲基丙烷三油酸酯(TMPTO).结果表明:这两种离子液体均具有一定的催化活性和较高的产物(二酯和三酯)选择性.反应结束后,离子液体催化剂可完全溶于产物TMPTO中,在微动摩擦磨损试验机SRV-IV上评价其作为钢/钢摩擦副润滑油减摩抗磨添加剂的高温摩擦学性能;结果表明所合成的磷酸酯离子液体具有优异的减摩抗磨性能.采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)及X射线光电子能谱仪(XPS)对磨斑表面进行了分析,结果表明所合成的膦酸酯类离子液体在高温下均表现出优异的摩擦学性能,源于膦酸酯类离子液体与金属基底发生了摩擦化学反应并形成了摩擦化学反应膜从而使该离子液体表现出优异的摩擦学性能.     

硫代亚磷酸酯抗磨添加剂的合成与应用

通过改性抗磨添加剂亚磷酸二正丁酯 (T3 0 4)合成了新型含磷润滑油抗磨添加剂———硫代亚磷酸O ,O 二 (十二烷基 )酯 (T3 1 1 ) ,其结构经元素分析和HPLC MS确认。T3 1 1与T3 0 4相比热氧化稳定性及耐久性有明显提高。T3 1 1应用于卡车及公共汽车手动变速箱齿轮油中通过了FZG齿轮机试验、L 60 1热氧化稳定性台架试验及Mack变速箱循环台架试验。     

基于5-(2-羧基苯基)吡啶-3-甲酸配体的镍（Ⅱ）和锌（Ⅱ）配位聚合物的合成、晶体结构、催化及抗磨性质

采用水热方法,选用5-（2-羧基苯基）吡啶-3-甲酸配体（H₂cpna）与1,2-二（4-吡啶基）乙烷（dpea）或1,2-二（4-吡啶基）乙烯（dpey）分别与NiCl₂·6H₂O和ZnCl₂在160℃下反应,合成了2个三维配位聚合物{[Ni （μ₃-cpna）（μ-dpea）_0.5]·H₂O}_n（1）和{[Zn （μ₃-cpna）（μ-dpey）_0.5]·H₂O}_n（2）,并对其结构、催化和摩擦性质进行了研究。研究表明,在室温条件下化合物2在Knoevenagel缩合反应中显示出较好的催化活性。同时,2在聚α-烯烃合成润滑剂中显示出有效的抗磨性能。