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1.
Patrick Imrie Jianyong Jin 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2022,60(2):149-174
4D printing is an exciting branch of additive manufacturing. It relies on established 3D printing techniques to fabricate objects in much the same way. However, structures which fall into the 4D printed category have the ability to change with time, hence the “extra dimension.” The common perception of 4D printed objects is that of macroscopic single-material structures limited to point-to-point shape change only, in response to either heat or water. However, in the area of polymer 4D printing, recent advancements challenge this understanding. A host of new polymeric materials have been designed which display a variety of wonderful effects brought about by unconventional stimuli, and advanced additive manufacturing techniques have been developed to accommodate them. As a result, the horizons of polymer 4D printing have been broadened beyond what was initially thought possible. In this review, we showcase the many studies which evolve the very definition of polymer 4D printing, and reveal emerging areas of research integral to its advancement. 相似文献
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Given an ‐vertex pseudorandom graph and an ‐vertex graph with maximum degree at most two, we wish to find a copy of in , that is, an embedding so that for all . Particular instances of this problem include finding a triangle‐factor and finding a Hamilton cycle in . Here, we provide a deterministic polynomial time algorithm that finds a given in any suitably pseudorandom graph . The pseudorandom graphs we consider are ‐bijumbled graphs of minimum degree which is a constant proportion of the average degree, that is, . A ‐bijumbled graph is characterised through the discrepancy property: for any two sets of vertices and . Our condition on bijumbledness is within a log factor from being tight and provides a positive answer to a recent question of Nenadov. We combine novel variants of the absorption‐reservoir method, a powerful tool from extremal graph theory and random graphs. Our approach builds on our previous work, incorporating the work of Nenadov, together with additional ideas and simplifications. 相似文献
4.
Motor Imagery Electroencephalography (MI-EEG) has shown good prospects in neurorehabilitation, and the entropy-based nonlinear dynamic methods have been successfully applied to feature extraction of MI-EEG. Especially based on Multiscale Fuzzy Entropy (MFE), the fuzzy entropies of the τ coarse-grained sequences in τ scale are calculated and averaged to develop the Composite MFE (CMFE) with more feature information. However, the coarse-grained process fails to match the nonstationary characteristic of MI-EEG by a mean filtering algorithm. In this paper, CMFE is improved by assigning the different weight factors to the different sample points in the coarse-grained process, i.e., using the weighted mean filters instead of the original mean filters, which is conductive to signal filtering and feature extraction, and the resulting personalized Weighted CMFE (WCMFE) is more suitable to represent the nonstationary MI-EEG for different subjects. All the WCMFEs of multi-channel MI-EEG are fused in serial to construct the feature vector, which is evaluated by a back-propagation neural network. Based on a public dataset, extensive experiments are conducted, yielding a relatively higher classification accuracy by WCMFE, and the statistical significance is examined by two-sample t-test. The results suggest that WCMFE is superior to the other entropy-based and traditional feature extraction methods. 相似文献
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Using the continuous shape space formalism, we develop an immune system model involving both B lymphocytes and antibody molecules. The binding and cross-linking of receptors on B cells stimulates the cells to divide and, with a lag, to secrete antibody. Using the method of multiple scales, we show how to correctly formulate long-time-scale equations for the population dynamics of B cells, the total antibody concentration, and rate of antibody secretion. We compare our model with previous phenomenological formulations. 相似文献
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许多实验对用CsI(Tl)闪烁晶体作为探测器来寻找和探测暗物质的可行性进行了研究.本工作利用8MeV单能中子轰击CsI(Tl)晶体探测器来研究Cs核和I核的QuenchingFactor.在数据处理中,运用脉冲形状甄别(PSD)方法来分辨反冲核信号和本底信号.实验结果表明,在7keV到132keV的能区中,Quench ingFactor随着反冲核能量的减少而增加.在探测暗物质的实验中,这一性质对于CsI(Tl)晶体探测器获得较低的能量阈值是很有利的. 相似文献
7.
An optical measurement of vortex shape at a free surface 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
We have proposed an optical method of vortex shape measurement based on Fourier transform profilometry (FTP) and verified it by experiment. The results of our experiment proposed in this paper show that FTP can efficiently reconstruct the vortex shape at a free surface and this method is suitable for wide use in studying such problems as liquid shear flow, wake of an object, flow behind a bluff body, and wetting angle. 相似文献
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Quenching of the eutectoidal composition of the shape memory alloys (SMA’s) allowed us to display the gradual transition of
the martensitic structure as a function of the composition. Indeed, we have verified that for low Al and Ni percentages, the
martensite structure obtained is β′, while, for high Al and Ni (Al<13.3 mass%) contents, the martensite structure is essentially
of β1′ type. Elsewhere, we have observed that a nickel addition (<4.3 mass%) operates simultaneously on the composition of the
eutectoidal pointand the domain of the different martensitic structures types. During reheating of the quenched structure,
the transformation sequences of the martensite to the parent phase (β1), then the decomposition of the later phase into the
equilibrium phases, and finally, the redissolution of all phases to form the β phase at high temperature, are rather similar.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
10.
Tony Forbes. 《Mathematics of Computation》2002,71(237):449-452
We describe a successful search for a sequence of fifteen consecutive integers, each the product of exactly four prime factors. Fifteen is best possible.