Curvature investigation in tapered fibers and its application to sensing and mode conversion

Non-adiabatic tapered fibers are basic photonic components used in a wide range of applications. Here we investigate a way to increase their utility through the controllable bending of one of their tapered sections. The experiments carried out explain, for the first time, the mechanics of this approach showing how these tapers can be used to build more sensitive sensors. Their use as highly efficient mode converters is also discussed.     

Recent advances and challenges in the recovery and purification of cellular exosomes

Exosomes are nanovesicles secreted by most cellular types that carry important biochemical compounds throughout the body with different purposes, playing a preponderant role in cellular communication. Because of their structure, physicochemical properties and stability, recent studies are focusing in their use as nanocarriers for different therapeutic compounds for the treatment of different diseases ranging from cancer to Parkinson's disease. However, current bioseparation protocols and methodologies are selected based on the final exosome application or intended use and present both advantages and disadvantages when compared among them. In this context, this review aims to present the most important technologies available for exosome isolation while discussing their advantages and disadvantages and the possibilities of being combined with other strategies. This is critical since the development of novel exosome‐based therapeutic strategies will be constrained to the effectiveness and yield of the selected downstream purification methodologies for which a thorough understanding of the available technological resources is needed.     

紫色球杆菌视紫红质光谱特性的机器学习研究

近年来，机器学习等人工智能技术被应用于蛋白质工程，其在蛋白质结构、功能预测、催化活性等研究中具有独特优势。在未知蛋白质结构的情况下，将蛋白质序列和功能特性与机器学习相结合，基于序列-活性关系（innovative sequence-activity relationship，ISAR）算法，将蛋白质氨基酸序列数字化，用快速傅里叶变换（fast four transform，FFT）进行预处理，再进行偏最小二乘回归建模，可在数据集较少情况下拟合得到最佳模型。通过机器学习对紫色球杆菌视紫红质（gloeobacter violaceus rhodopsin，GR）的突变体蛋白质氨基酸序列与光谱最大吸收波长进行建模，获得了最佳模型。用最佳索引LEVM760106建模得到的确定系数R² 为0.944，均方误差E为11.64。用小波变换进行的预处理，其R² 虽也约为0.944，但E大于11.64，不及FFT进行的预处理。方法较好地解决了蛋白质序列与功能特性之间的数学建模问题，在蛋白质工程中可为预测更优的突变体提供支持。     

基于FPGA并行处理的实时图像相关速度计

研究制作了一种采用高速线阵CCD的实时相关速度计,其测量数据的输出速率可达每秒一万次。针对以往光学相关测速方法的问题进行了讨论,探讨了适合FPGA并行处理的算法,制作了高速线阵CCD摄像机及其处理装置。通过实验验证了系统的可行性和可实现性。     

非等间距序列建模过程中存在的问题及改进

在研究非等间距序列的基础上 ,本文将非等间距累加运用于非等间距序列的建模过程中 ,使原有模型得到改进 .实例表明 ,改进后模型的精度有了很大提高     

Tomographic reconstruction using heuristic Monte Carlo methods

A tomographic reconstruction method based on Monte Carlo random searching guided by the information contained in the projections of radiographed objects is presented. In order to solve the optimization problem, a multiscale algorithm is proposed to reduce computation. The reconstruction is performed in a coarse-to-fine multigrid scale that initializes each resolution level with the reconstruction of the previous coarser level, which substantially improves the performance. The method was applied to a real case reconstructing the internal structure of a small metallic object with internal components, showing excellent results.     

资源有限的加权总完工时间单机排序问题

本讨论资源有限的加权总工时间单机排序问题，对现在仍为OPEN问题1｜pj=bj-ajuj，∑uj≤U｜∑wjCj给出了一个有关最优解中最优资源分配的重要性质，并利用该性质分别给出了三种情况bj=b,wj=w,aj=a；bj=b,wj=w,uj=u；aj=a,wj=w,uj=u的最优算法。     

从像上提取非旋转对称系统的传递函数制作解卷空间滤波器

本文提出从高分辨电子显微像中,利用光学、全息和部分相干等方法,提取传递函数,制作相位和振幅滤波器,实现解卷,提高高分辨电子显微像的分辨率.     

光纤传感振动检测系统及其实验研究

实际工程结构中的振动检测是十分重要的，也是十分复杂的，常用的结构振动检测传感器易受工程现场恶劣环境的影响．而光纤传感器具有小巧、抗电磁干扰、灵敏度高、适合长期监测等优点。本文建立了基于马赫—曾德(Mech-Zehnder)干涉原理的光纤传感振动检测系统．研制了运用先进的数字信号处理技术采集和处理数据的专用软件，并在典型结构件——钢制悬臂梁结构上进行了外加信号作用下的强迫振动检测和冲击载荷作用下的自由衰减振动检测，测量了该结构件的频率及振幅，其结果与同时进行的成熟的电测结果相近，说明光纤传感器用于结构件的振动测量是可靠的。本文为光纤传感器应用于实际工程的振动检测提供了新的技术装置，具有工程应用前景。