以ZrO_2-Al_2O_3为载体Co-Mo-K耐硫变换催化剂的TPR研究

利用程序升温还原 (TPR)技术 ,研究了ZrO2 对Co/Al2 O3、Mo/Al2 O3、Mo -K/Al2 O3以及Co -Mo -K耐硫变换催化剂氧化还原性能的影响。结果表明 ,ZrO2 的引入 ,使活性组分在载体表面分散的更好 ,促进了Mo -K活性相的形成 ,使Co和Mo的还原变得容易 ,并起到抑制催化剂在反应中被重新氧化的作用。     

A sulfur-tolerant Pd/CeO2 catalyst for methanol synthesis from syngas

The catalytic activity of cefia-supported Pd for selective hydrogenation of CO is well preserved in the presence of 30 ppm H2S due to the parallel oxidation of sulfur by CeO2 under standard methanol synthesis conditions. The bifunctional nature of this catalyst opens a route for the conversion of sulfur-contaminated gas streams such as the integrated gasification combined cycle syngas or biogas into liquid fuels if desulfurization by conventional means is not practical.     

外冷列管式耐硫煤气甲烷化反应器分析

使用Ｃｒａｎｋ－Ｎｉｃｏｌｓｏｎ隐格式差分法求解耐硫甲烷化固定床反应器的二维拟均相模型，通过模拟分析，考究管径、管数、反应气入口状态（压力、温度）、溶盐流量及入口温度对反应器操作的影响。对５万Ｎｍ＾３／ｄ煤气的反应器进行优化设计分析，为该工指导。     

Fabrication of High‐aspect Ratio (HAR) Palladium Nanorod‐modified Electrodes for Raman Spectroelectrochemical Studies of Thiolate Desorption from HAR Nanomaterials

We describe a method to fabricate electrodes modified with high‐aspect ratio (HAR) palladium (Pd) nanorods derived from the electrochemical reduction of Pd salts in polycarbonate track‐etched membranes. The HAR Pd nanorod‐modified electrode platform enables direct spectroscopic observation of electrochemical processes particular to HAR forms of nano‐Pd using Raman spectroelectrochemistry. In the present study, we use this platform to observe an anomalous mechanism of oxidative electrochemical desorption of the probe molecule benzenethiol (BT) from the HAR Pd surface. At HAR Pd, the Pd?S bond between the Pd nanorods and BT severs upon oxidation of the Pd surface, whereas on the surface of spherical nano‐Pd, the C?S bond in BT is broken, as is more typically observed for sulfur‐containing organic molecules adsorbed to Pd surfaces. Using this probe reaction, we demonstrate the suitability of this HAR nanorod‐modified electrode platform for the investigation of anomalous electrochemical phenomena observed at HAR Pd for reactions that involve adsorbed intermediates in general – including not only adsorbed sulfur – but in principle also for the electrochemical oxidation of alternative fuels such as ethanol and methanol.     

A sulfur-tolerant Pd/CeO2 catalyst for methanol synthesis from syngas

The catalytic activity of ceria-supported Pd for selective hydrogenation of CO is well preserved in the presence of 30 ppm H2S due to the parallel oxidation of sulfur by CeO2 under standard methanol synthesis conditions. The bifunctional nature of this catalyst opens a route for the conversion of sulfur-contaminated gas streams such as the integrated gasification combined cycle syngas or biogas into liquid fuels if desulfurization by conventional means is not practical.     

CoMo型耐硫变换催化剂不同硫化剂的器外预硫化研究

从多种硫化剂中筛选出(NH_4)_2S和Na_2S,分别采用不同的预硫化技术对工业级CoMo型耐硫变换催化剂进行器外预硫化,采用XRD、XPS和HRTEM等表征手段对催化剂的晶相结构、表面特性和微观形貌进行表征。(NH_4)_2S和Na2S作为预硫化剂对催化剂的晶相结构没有明显影响;用(NH_4)_2S进行预硫化时活性组分发生部分O-S交换,而用Na_2S进行预硫化时活性组分仍保持为氧化态,两种预硫化型催化剂在反应器内随着反应温度升高,硫化深度为S-Na_2SS-(NH_4)_2S常规器内预硫化;器内预硫化和(NH_4)_2S作为预硫化剂MoS_2片层结构堆叠层数集中在2-3层,而用Na_2S进行预硫化时MoS_2片层堆叠层数明显变多,集中在3-5层。采用微型固定床评价装置,选择285、350、450℃三个反应温度,催化剂的活性顺序为SNa_2SS-(NH_4)_2S常规器内预硫化。