Toonapolyynes A–D,new polyynes from Toona ciliata

Abstract

Phytochemical investigation on the leaves and twigs of Toona ciliata has led to the isolation of four new polyynes (1–4) and two knowns (5 and 6). Their structures were determined by extensive spectroscopic analysis (MS, UV, IR, and NMR) and Mosher’s method. All compounds were evaluated for their inhibitory activities against HepG2 human tumor cell line but were inactive.     

Polyplatinayne/polyoxometalate composite Langmuir‐Blodgett films: Preparation,structural characterization,and potential optoelectronic applications

A new family of organometallic/inorganic composite Langmuir‐Blodgett (LB) films consisting of rigid‐rod polyplatinayne polymer ([Pt‐T(OMe‐Fl)T]_∞ or [Pt‐T(F‐Fl)T]_∞, where the triplet bonds are abbreviated by T, and fluorene ring by Fl) as the π‐conjugated organometallic molecule, polyoxometalate (POM, POM = K₃PMo₁₂O₄₀, H₃PW₁₂O₄₀, or H₆P₂W₁₈O₆₂) of the Keggin and Dawson structures as the inorganic component, and dimethyldioctadecylammonium bromide (DODA) or a mixture of octadecanoic acid (OA) and docosanoic acid (DA) as the auxiliary film‐forming agent were prepared and characterized by π–A isotherms, UV–Vis absorption spectra, photoluminescence spectra, atomic force microscopy imaging, scanning tunneling microscopy, and low‐angle X‐ray diffraction. Our experimental results indicate that steady, even, and ordered Langmuir and LB films are formed in pure water and polyoxometalate subphases. It was shown that the POM molecules are probably embedded inside the polyplatinayne molecules in the LB film structure and they can quench the luminescence of the Pt polyyne. These Pt‐polyyne based LB films display interesting electric conductivity behavior. [Pt‐T(OMe‐Fl)T]_∞/DODA/HPW₁₂ monolayer film shows a good electrical conductivity, and the tunneling current amounts to ±100 nA when the voltage is set at ±8 V. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 46: 3193–3206, 2008     

Formation of PAHs and soot platelets: multiconfiguration theoretical study of the key step in the ring closure–radical breeding polyyne‐based mechanism

Polyynes of general formula H? (C?C? )_nH are known to play a significant role in combustion and pyrolysis, possibly being intermediates in the formation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and soot. They have also been detected in astrophysical investigations. The key step in the polyyne‐based radical breeding mechanism for PAH growth is a cyclization, put forward by Krestinin, which implies disruption of electron couples, plausibly expected to be energy demanding. We explore the electronic features and energy requirements of such a process by quantum mechanical multiconfiguration methods (CASSCF and CASPT2). The features of the wavefunction are analyzed, and the free energy barriers are estimated over a wide range of temperatures, for three molecular models. The initial radical adduct A, generated by H ^. , HC?C ^. (ethynyl), or HC?C? C ^. H₂ ( propargyl ) addition to butadiyne (BD, HC?C? C?CH), undergoes a cyclization with the generation of two new radical centers. However, in most of the cases, one of these new singly occupied sp² orbitals has some overlap with the unpaired electron lobe already existent in A: some sort of bonding builds up and consequently the triradical character cannot be large. Only one model suggests a possible role of the radical breeding mechanism during combustion. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Pyridyl‐Endcapped Polyynes: Stabilized Wire‐like Molecules

A 4‐ethynylpyridyl derivative with sterically shielding phenyl groups in the 3‐ and 5‐positions has been synthesized and used to terminate a series of polyynes. This approach allows for the synthesis of stable polyynes up to an octayne, twice as long as previous accessible for “unstabilized” pyridyl‐endcapped polyynes. The potential of these polyynes as wire‐like linkers to metal centers is demonstrated by axial coordination of pyridyl groups to zinc‐ and ruthenium‐metalloporphyrins.     

具有聚集诱导发光效应的聚炔材料的合成及光学性能研究

合成了三种含有四苯基乙烯结构的双炔烃.这些双炔烃单体通过在CuCl催化下在邻二氯苯中进行的均聚反应可以高产率地生成线型聚炔.所得聚合物均可很好地溶解于常见有机溶剂中,并具有很高的热稳定性.这类聚炔材料在溶液态时几乎不发光,但在聚集态或者固态下可高度发光,表现出典型的聚集诱导发光性质.同时,这些聚合物具有高透光性,可以允许整个可见光区的光透过.其薄膜在400～1700 nm宽波长范围内表现出高折射率（n=1.7787～1.6543）和低色差（D'=0.0003）.紫外光照射可诱使聚合物薄膜发生交联过程,从而调控其折射率数值,并可生成高分辨率的荧光图案.     

Absolute Raman intensity measurements and determination of the vibrational second hyperpolarizability of adamantyl endcapped polyynes

Linear sp‐carbon polyynes are ideal molecules for the direct investigation of the physical properties of one‐dimensional conjugated systems. Traditionally, the main obstacle to the study of these systems has been their instability under normal laboratory conditions. Thanks to improved chemical syntheses, a broadened range of polyynes is now available for study, including the hydrocarbon series endcapped with adamantyl groups, Ad[n]. In this work, the quantitative Raman spectroscopic analysis is reported for each member of this homologous series. The Raman scattering intensities corresponding to the major features of the polyyne segment (i.e., the effective conjugation coordinate or Я lines) are then used to evaluate the nonlinear optical (NLO) behavior via determination of the vibrational contribution to the second hyperpolarizability (γ_vib). This study shows that γ_vib values as a function of length are of the same order of magnitude as those arising from the electronic contribution to the molecular second hyperpolarizability, γ_ele, as reported for triisopropylsilyl polyynes, TIPS[n], using the differential optical Kerr effect technique. The nonlinear response for Ad[n] polyynes, supported by the analogous response for TIPS[n] polyynes, confirms that linear sp‐carbon molecules have large second hyperpolarizabilities that show a power‐law increase in γ‐values versus length that is larger than other known π‐conjugated systems, such as polyenes. Furthermore, the NLO response of polyynes versus length approaches the theoretical limit described by Kuzyk more closely than other conjugated organic oligomers. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Adamantyl‐endcapped polyynes

Polyynes spanning from a diyne to a dodecayne with adamantyl endgroups have been synthesized using the Fritsch–Buttenberg–Wiechell rearrangement as a key step to construct the acetylenic framework. Molecular properties as a function of polyyne length have been analyzed by UV–Vis spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, differential scanning calorimetry, and X‐ray crystallography. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Polyyne synthesis using carbene/carbenoid rearrangements

Rearrangement of a carbene/carbenoid intermediate to form an acetylene moiety, known as the Fritsch-Buttenberg-Wiechell (FBW) rearrangement, was developed for the formation of polyynes and polyyne frameworks within highly conjugated organic materials. Necessary precursors can be prepared through formation of an alkynyl ketone, followed by dibromoolefination under Corey-Fuchs conditions. The carbenoid rearrangement is brought about by treatment of the dibromoolefin with BuLi under mild conditions. The success of these FBW reactions is quite solvent-dependent, and nonpolar hydrocarbon solvents (e.g., hexanes, toluene, benzene) work quite well, while use of ethereal solvents such as diethyl ether and tetrahydrofuran (THF) does not provide the desired polyyne product. This protocol was successfully applied to the formation of silyl, alkyl, alkenyl, and aryl polyynes, including di-, tri-, and tetrayne products, as well as the construction of two-dimensional carbon-rich molecules. A one-pot variant of this procedure is being developed and is particularly applicable toward the synthesis of polyyne natural products. Formation of a series of triisopropylsilyl end-capped polyynes, from the triyne to decayne, was achieved. Third-order nonlinear optical properties of these polyynes were evaluated. This study shows that the molecular second hyperpolarizabilities for the polyynes as a function of length increase at a rate that is higher than all other nonaromatic organic oligomers.