Comparative study on transport properties of N-, P-, and As-doped SiC nanowires: Calculated based on first principles

According to the one-dimensional quantum state distribution, carrier scattering, and fixed range hopping model, the structural stability and electron transport properties of N-, P-, and As-doped SiC nanowires(N-SiCNWs, P-SiCNWs, and As-SiCNWs) are simulated by using the first principles calculations. The results show that the lattice structure of NSiCNWs is the most stable in the lattice structures of the above three kinds of doped SiCNWs. At room temperature,for unpassivated SiCNWs, the doping effect of P and As are better than that of N. After passivation, the conductivities of all doped SiCNWs increase by approximately two orders of magnitude. The N-SiCNW has the lowest conductivity. In addition, the N-, P-, As-doped SiCNWs before and after passivation have the same conductivity–temperature characteristics,that is, above room temperature, the conductivity values of the doped SiCNWs all increase with temperature increasing.These results contribute to the electronic application of nanodevices.     

Mg,Al掺杂对LiCoO2体系电子结构影响的第一原理研究

为了研究Mg ,Al掺杂对锂二次电池正极材料LiCoO2 体系的电子结构的影响 ,进而揭示Mg掺杂的LiCoO2 具有高电导率的机理 ,对Li(Co ,Al)O2 和Li(Co,Mg)O2 进行了基于密度泛函理论的第一原理研究 .通过对能带及态密度的分析 ,发现在Mg掺杂后价带出现电子态空穴 ,提高了电导 ,并且通过歧化效应 (disproportionation)改变了Co 3d电子在各能级的分布 ,而Al掺杂则没有这些作用 .O2 - 的离子性在掺杂后明显增强 .     

铁磁金属量子阱态的共振隧穿

非铁磁金属层中的量子阱态在磁输运过程中的重要性已被广泛认识．铁磁金属层中自旋极化的量子阱态以前并没有详尽的理论研究；实验上也没有清晰地观测到自旋极化量子阱态的隧穿．文章介绍了最近由卢仲毅、张晓光和Pantelides预言的Fe／MgO／FeO／Fe／Cr和其他铁磁量子阱隧道结中的共振隧穿，并解释铁、钴、铬的△1能带的对称性在这种共振隧穿中的作用．     

The effects of Zn vacancies on ferromagnetism in Cu-doped ZnO films controlled by oxygen pressure and Li doping

Zn0.99Cu0.01O films were studied experimentally and theoretically.The films were prepared by pulsed-laser deposi tion on Pt(111)/Ti/SiO2/Si substrates under various oxygen pressures to investigate the growth-dependence of the ferromag netic properties.The structural,magnetic,and optical properties were studied,and it was found that all the samples possess a typical wurtzite structure,and that the films exhibit room-temperature ferromagnetism.The sample deposited at 600℃and an oxygen pressure of 10 Pa showed a large saturation magnetization of 0.83μB/Cu.The enhanced ferromagnetism in the(Cu,Li)-codoped ZnO is attributable to the existence of Zn vacancies(VZn),as shown by first-principles calcu lations.The photoluminescence analysis demonstrated the existence of V Zn in both Zn0.99Cu0.01O and(Cu,Li)-codoped ZnO thin films,and this plays an important role in the increase of ferromagnetism,according to the results of first-principles calculations.     

The first principles investigation of ferrite magnetic response with mismatch stress

The quasi-ferrite model is proposed and an appropriate PBE exchange functional with the spin density functional theory(SDFT) is selected for the calculation of the relation between magnetic moment and residual stress in ferrite using a quantum mechanics code. The relationship between ferrite magnetism and the carbon content is determined,and then a ferrite interstitial solid solution(ISS) model in a low carbon concentration state is replaced with an α- Fe model in the case of majority magnetic calculation. The band structure of the loaded-Fe is compared with that of the unloaded α-Fe. The comparison shows that the energy of Fe atomic 3d orbital changes a little,while the energy of electron orbital of iron core below 3d almost keeps unchanged. The relationship between the magnetic moment and the stress appears intermittent due to the Bragg total reflection. The change in the magnetic moment due to lattice mismatch is much larger than that caused by mechanical loading.     

Ru掺杂SnO2半导体固溶体的电子结构研究

运用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理方法,建立了SnO₂以及不同比例Ru掺杂的SnO₂超胞模型,在对其进行几何优化后计算了Sn_1-xRu_xO₂(x=0,1/16,1/12,1/8,1/6,1/4,1/2)半导体的电子结构,并讨论了其晶格参数、电荷密度、能带结构和态密度(包括分态密度)等性质。结果表明,掺杂后,晶格参数随掺杂量的增加线性减小,与实验值的偏差在4%以内;掺杂后,在费米能级处可以提供更多的填充电子,使得电子跃迁至导带更容易,固溶体的导电性增强。为Sn_1-xRu_xO₂固溶体电极材料的发展和应用提供了理论基础。     

锂离子电池正极材料LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4金属掺杂的第一性原理研究

近来尖晶石相LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4被认为是一种有前景的二次锂离子电池正极材料.但是其相对较差的循环性能和倍率性能限制了LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4的大规模应用.金属掺杂被认为是一种提高其电化学性能的有效方法.然而,还急需深层次地理解掺杂对材料结构和电化学性质的影响.采用第一性原理方法,系统地研究了金属掺杂的LiM0.125Ni0.375Mn1.5O4(M为Cr,Fe和Co)电极体系的结构与电子性质.计算结果显示,少量的过渡金属M取代LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4晶格中的Ni,能够有效抑制材料在电化学脱嵌锂过程中的体积变化(从锂化相到脱锂相,体积变化率约为4%,而未掺杂的情况为4.7%),提高材料循环性能.体系态密度表明金属掺杂能够减小体系的带隙,进而提高材料的电子传导.另外,通过Li离子的扩散计算,我们发现与未掺杂的LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4相比,Co掺杂使得Li在材料中两条不同扩散路径的扩散能垒分别降低了约90 meV和140 meV,表明Co掺杂有利于Li在材料中的快速扩散.     

Nitrogen-doped graphene as an excellent candidate for selective gas sensing

The toxic gases,such as CO and NO,are highly dangerous to human health and even cause the death of person and animals in a tiny amount.Therefore,it is very necessary to develop the toxic gas sensors that can instantly monitor these gases.In this work,we have used the first-principles calculations to investigate adsorption of gases on defective graphene nanosheets to seek a suitable material for CO sensing.Result indicates that the vancancy graphene can not selectivly sense CO from air,because O2 in air would disturb the sensing signals of graphene for CO,while the nitrogen-doped graphene is an excellent candidate for selectivly sensing CO from air,because only CO can be chemisorbed on the pyridinic-like N-doped graphene accompanying with a large charge transfer,which can serve as a useful electronic signal for CO sensing.Even in the environment with NO,the N-doped graphene can also detect CO selectively.Therefore,the N-doped graphene is an excellent material for selectively sensing CO,which provides useful information for the design and fabrication of the CO sensors.     

碱土金属Ben (n=1~3)对B12团簇结构的调控研究

基于第一性原理, 系统地研究了Be_n (n=1~3)对B₁₂团簇结构的调控. 结果表明: 团簇BeB₁₂全局极小结构为C_s对称性准平面结构, 而Be₂B₁₂和Be₃B₁₂最稳定的结构均为笼状结构, 对称性分别为C_s和C_2v. 随着Be_n (n=1~3)原子数的增加, 团簇B₁₂由准平面结构过渡到笼状结构, 且Be倾向内嵌在B₁₂笼状结构表面的B₇或B₈单元环中, 通过离子和共价作用形成稳定Be&B₇和Be&B₈单元, 从而稳定笼状结构. 自然键轨道(NBO)分析表明, 团簇C_s BeB₁₂, C_s Be₂B₁₂, C_2v Be₃B₁₂内部存在电子转移情况, Be原子2s轨道上失去电子, Be—B键主要以离子作用为主, 同时也存在共价作用. 成键分析显示C_s Be₂B₁₂和C_2v Be₃B₁₂的π键遵循球状芳香性2(n+1)² (n=1)电子计数规则, 表明该团簇具有球状芳香性. 预测了三个结构的红外和拉曼光谱, 为以后的合成实验和数据表征提供了理论基础.