Swelling behavior of amphiphilic hydrogels of copolymers of the vinyl ether of ethylene glycol and vinyl isobutyl ether,and their interaction with cationic surfactant

Amphiphilic hydrogels of copolymers of the vinyl ether of ethylene glycol and vinyl isobutyl ether were synthesized by -radiation-induced free radical polymerization. Hydrogels with certain copolymer compositions showed thermo-sensitive behavior in aqueous solutions. The swelling behavior of the hydrogels in cetylpyridinium bromide aqueous solution was studied. Increased swelling of the hydrogels was observed in the surfactant solutions. The increased swelling was more prominent for the hydrogels with a higher content of hydrophobic moiety in the copolymer composition, and with higher surfactant concentration. The reason for this phenomenon is discussed. Treatment of some hydrogels in the surfactant solutions resulted in higher swelling ability in distilled water with distinct thermo-induced contraction over a narrow temperature interval.     

Ibuprofen induced drug loaded polymeric micelles

Three model drugs with different function groups were chosen to dialyze with dextran-graft-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide).Only ibuprofen could induce the formation of drug loaded micelles,which was confirmed with dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscope.Hydrogen-bonding between the amide groups of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) and the carboxyl groups of ibuprofen was driving force for the drug-loaded micelle.It was also found that the diameter of the ibuprofen-loaded micelles changed reversibly against temperature.     

温敏性纤维素/聚Ν-异丙基丙烯酰胺复合水凝胶的固体核磁共振表征及动力学研究

利用半互穿网络方法将具有温度响应的高分子聚N-异丙基丙烯酰胺( PNIPAM)与天然纤维素复合得到温敏性水凝胶。通过固体核磁共振的1 H,13 C CP/MAS(交叉极化/魔角旋转)和QCP(定量交叉极化)等实验手段对复合凝胶的结构进行了定性及定量研究,并利用固体静态变温核磁共振实验和偶极滤波-自旋扩散实验研究了复合凝胶中PNIPAM分子链段的动力学行为。     

Biodegradable microspheres with poly(<Emphasis Type="Italic">N</Emphasis>-isopropylacrylamide) Enriched surface: Thermo-responsibility,biodegradation and drug release

Microspheres with thermo-responsible surface were fabricated by PCL-b-PEO-b-PNIPAM triblock copolymers. Thermo-responsible morphological changes of PCL-b-PEO-b-PNIPAM microspheres immersed in aqueous solution at temperatures above the LCST (e.g. 37 °C) were observed from porous surface structure to compact surface layer. Enzymatic degradation and in vitro drug release results showed that the thermo-responsible surface layer greatly influenced the degradation of microspheres as well as the drug release behavior from microspheres. With the copolymerization of PNIPAM block into PCL-b-PEO copolymers, the drug release could be well regulated by changing temperatures and microspheres composition, which revealed the great potentials of microspheres with thermo-responsible surface for controlled drug release.     

基于上/下转换发光的新型比率荧光温度探针

温度的可视化实时监测,一直都是科学研究的重点方向。荧光传感是一种具有高灵敏度、快速响应、可视化等优点的半侵入式测温方法,在生物医药等领域已被广泛应用。然而,传统荧光探针容易受到外界条件波动的影响而产生误差。为解决这一问题,可以采用两组荧光检测信号构建比率型荧光探针,通过两组信号的相互校准提高检测的准确性。传统的比率荧光温度探针大多基于下转换荧光发射,这类探针通常由短波长光激发,对生物组织穿透性差且有一定伤害,还会受到生物组织自发荧光的干扰。频率上转换是由长波长激发,短波长发射的一种光致发光现象,由其构建的荧光探针可以克服传统下转换荧光探针的上述缺点。而基于三线态-三线态湮灭(TTA)机理的频率上转换发光体系,由光敏剂和湮灭剂的双分子体系共同构成,因而自身就同时具有上/下转换的发光特性,满足了构建比率型荧光探针的条件。然而目前,基于TTA上转换体系的比率型荧光温度探针还鲜见报导,已报导的工作中仍需要另外添加参比探针。仅通过TTA双分子体系构建的上/下转换比率型荧光温度探针仍然是一大挑战。本文通过将传统的TTA上转换体系(PdOEP/DPA)负载于由温敏型两亲性聚合物Pluronic-F127组装形成的胶束中,形成上转换纳米胶束温度探针。随着温度的升高,聚合物亲水链段水溶性下降,向胶束核心位置收缩,导致负载上转换分子的胶束内部空间体积减小,TTA分子间碰撞概率增大,上转换效率提高,上转换发光的强度也随之提高;与此同时,光敏剂的下转换磷光发射也会发生小幅度的下降。由此上/下转换两组荧光信号构成的比率荧光,可成功实现25~60 ℃范围内对温度的线性检测,并可通过肉眼观察到体系发光由紫红色向蓝紫色的转变,检测结果的重复性良好。TTA上转换分子通过被温敏聚合物胶束的包覆,既解决了在实际应用中探针水溶性差,以及上转换发光易被氧气淬灭的问题,还为上转换体系提供了温敏性质,实现了上转换发光对温度的精确响应。这种基于上转换纳米胶束的比率型荧光温度探针不仅制备方法简单,具有良好的生物相容性,且检测灵敏度高,可以人眼识别,无需外加参比,对生物体内温度在线监测的实现具有重要意义。     

新型两亲性含糖嵌段聚合物的合成与自组装

以β-环糊精(β-CD)和2-乙基-2-噁唑啉(EtOz)为原料, 通过活性端基化学偶联法制备了乙酰麦芽七糖/聚(2-乙基-2-噁唑啉)两嵌段聚合物(AcMH-b-PEtOz), 借助核磁共振氢谱、红外光谱和凝胶渗透色谱等手段证实了产物的化学结构. 采用核磁共振氢谱、荧光光谱、透射电子显微镜、动态光散射及紫外-可见分光光度等方法探讨了产物在水溶液中的自组装行为. 结果表明, 所得嵌段聚合物直接溶于水后可通过自组装形成纳米球形“核-壳”结构胶束, 同时具有温度响应性. 所得聚合物的临界胶束浓度(cmc)为4~7 mg/L, 平均粒径(d)为83~115 nm, 临界相转变温度(LCST)为49~64 ℃, 并且均可通过PEtOz的链长进行调控.     

Effects of ionization on the phase behavior of poly(<Emphasis Type="Italic">N</Emphasis>-isopropylacrylamide-co-acrylic acid) and poly(<Emphasis Type="Italic">N</Emphasis>,<Emphasis Type="Italic">N</Emphasis>-diethylacrylamide-co-acrylic acid) in water

Phase transitions of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-acrylic acid) (PiPA-AA) and poly(N,N- diethylacrylamide-co-acrylic acid) (PdEA-AA) in water have been investigated by means of turbidimetry, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The phase transition temperatures (T_p) of these copolymers increase with the degree of ionization () of the acrylic acid (AA) units, which in turn is dependent on the pH of the solutions. Apparent values of pK_a for the AA units, determined from the pH dependencies of T_p, are 4.7 and 5.4 for PiPA-AA and PdEA-AA, respectively. Differences between T_p for PiPA-AA and T_p for PiPA homopolymer (T_p) are +1.5 and –0.2 °C/mol% of AA at =1 and 0, respectively. The values of T_p for PdEA-AA are +2.6 (ionic) and –0.5 (nonionic)°C/mol%, indicating that the incorporated AA units have a larger effect on PdEA than on PiPA. DSC measurements performed with each of these copolymers at different pH values show a linear relationship between T_p and the enthalpy of transition (H). IR measurements of PiPA-AA show that the profiles of IR bands from both iPA and AA units exhibit critical changes at T_p of the copolymer. Heating the solution above T_p leads to shifts of the amide II, C–H stretch, and C–H bend bands from the iPA units toward lower wavenumbers, as well as a shift of the amide I band from the iPA units toward higher wavenumbers. A decrease in the intensity of the symmetric C=O stretch IR band from carboxylate anions (1560 cm^–1), and an increase in the intensity of the C=O stretch band from COOH groups (1705 cm^–1) suggest that a partial protonation of the carboxylate groups (COO^–+H⁺COOH) takes place upon the phase transition.     

端三吡啶基聚异丙基丙烯酰胺的合成及其金属配合物

合成出三吡啶官能化的二硫代酯并以其作为链转移剂进行了异丙基丙烯酰胺(NIPAAm)的可逆加成断裂链转移(RAFT)聚合,得到分子量可控和窄分子量分布的端三吡啶基聚异丙基丙烯酰胺(tpy-PNIPAAm),聚合反应为对单体浓度的一级动力学关系.Tpy-PNIPAAm在水中既保持了与聚异丙基丙烯酰胺类似的相转变行为,又拥有三吡啶(tpy)的强络合能力.将tpy-PNIPAAm与金属核素模型进行络合得到金属配合物,所得金属配合物在水中拥有与PNIPAAm类似的相转变行为,同时tpy-PNIPAAm的金属配合物由于其两亲性,在水中可以形成纳米粒子,由于纳米粒子间的静电排斥作用,这种纳米粒子即使在高于相转变温度时,仍能稳定于水中.     

Synthesis and characteristic of the thermo- and pH-sensitive hydrogel and microporous hydrogel induced by the NP-10 aqueous two-phase system

A series of novel thermo- and pH-sensitive (NP10-AA TPS) hydrogels and microporous (NP10-AA MP) hydrogels, inducing by polyoxyethylene (10) nonyl phenyl ether (NP-10) aqueous two-phase system, was designed and fabricated with acrylic acid (AA) as the monomer for the first time. The resultant NP10-AA TPS hydrogel, compared with the traditional TPS hydrogel, was more advanced in both of the high swelling ratio and the variable lower critical solution temperature (LCST). A simple synthesis technique of the NP10-AA MP hydrogel was developed. The thermo-sensitivity of the NP10-AA TPS hydrogel including the initial swelling ratio, LCST, dehydrated efficiency, was depended strongly on the crosslinker (MBA), initiator (APS), NP-10 and AA concentration. The swelling rate of the NP10-AA MP hydrogel was much higher than that of AA hydrogel dehydrated in the same lyophilization condition.     

原位聚合法制备具有温敏PNIPAM壳的核-壳结构聚合物纳米微球的研究

结合大分子自组装和原位自由基聚合方法,采用油溶性引发剂偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN),在聚(ε-已内酯)(PCL)纳米粒子表面引发聚合单体N-异丙基丙烯酰胺(NIPAM)和交联剂亚甲基双(丙烯酰胺)(MBA),制备得到了核-壳结构的PCL/PNIPAM聚合物纳米微球.系统研究了单体和交联剂用量、壳层目标交联度、初始PCL/DMF溶液的浓度及引发剂AIBN含量4个反应参数对核-壳结构PCL/PNIPAM纳米微球的PNIPAM壳层得率、微球尺寸、温敏性能及电镜形貌的影响.结果表明,在制备核-壳结构PCL/PNIPAM纳米微球的反应过程中,PCL粒子表面的聚合和水中的聚合二者之间相互竞争.适当增加引发剂AIBN的添加量,有利于制备得到核/壳比例可控的PCL/PNIPAM纳米微球;交联剂MBA较高的反应活性导致形成了非均匀交联的PNIPAM壳层.